VIOLIN: Vaccine Investigation and Online Information Network

Community Efforts

Vaccine Ontology: A community-based effort to develop the Vaccine Ontology (VO) for vaccine data standardization and automated reasoning.

To support vaccine safety and registry, the Ontology of Vaccine Adverse Events (OVAE) and Vaccination Informed Consent Ontology (VICO) are also developed.

VIOLIN News >>

2/6/2025: VIOLIN vaccine knowledgebase was systematically analyzed for pattern detection, which was published in Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol today.
11/15/2024: A paper titled "Impact of climate change on vaccine responses and inequity", was published in Nature Climate Change.
11/8/2024: A paper titled "Assessing acute kidney injury risk after COVID vaccination and infection in a large cohort study" (PMID: 39516206, PMCID: PMC11549351) was published in npj Vaccines. Congratulations!
6/19/2024: A paper on empowering standardization of cancer vaccines through ontology (PMID: 38890666, PMCID: PMC11186274) was published on JBMS.
4/25/2024: A JBMS paper on ontological representation, modeling, and analysis of parasite vaccines (PMID: 38664818, PMCID: PMC11044459) was published.
1/12/2024: Our CanVaxKB cancer vaccine knowledgebase was published in NAR Cancer (PMID: 38204924, PMCID: PMC10776203).

Latest Vaccine Publications >>

Shibli H, Kuodi P, Dror A, Zayyad H, Wertheim O, Jabal KA, Nazzal S, Glikman D, Edelstein M. Changes in long-term employment and income following COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) infection among Jewish and Arab populations in Israel BMC public health 25(1):1205 2025 [PMID: 40165167]
Surie D, Yuengling KA, Safdar B, Ginde AA, Peltan ID, Brown SM, Gaglani M, Ghamande S, Gottlieb RL, Columbus C, Mohr NM, Gibbs KW, Hager DN, O'Rourke M, Gong MN, Mohamed A, Johnson NJ, Steingrub JS, Khan A, Duggal A, Wilson JG, Qadir N, Chang SY, Mallow C, Busse LW, Felzer J, Kwon JH, Exline MC, Vaughn IA, Ramesh M, Lauring AS, Martin ET, Mosier JM, Harris ES, Baughman A, Swan SA, Johnson CA, Blair PW, Lewis NM, Ellington S, Rutkowski RE, Zhu Y, Self WH, Dawood FS. Patient- and Community-Level Characteristics Associated With Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccination JAMA network open 8(4):e252841 2025 [PMID: 40168024]

Vaccine News >>

Exclusive | Ousted Vaccine Chief Says RFK Jr.’s Team Sought Data to Justify Anti-Science Stance - WSJ
WSJ 2025-04-04 18:02:00
Could an inexpensive vaccine help stave off dementia?
Vox 2025-04-05 12:30:00
‘He’ll have to confront his maker for those lies’: FDA’s vaccine chief who resigned slams RFK Jr.
CNN 2025-04-05 00:37:55
Dementia risk could dip with common vaccine, study suggests
Fox News 2025-04-04 19:05:00
Trump cuts KC vaccine funding as measles spreads in Kansas. ‘No rational reason’
Kansas City Star 2025-04-05 10:30:00

Statistics: The VIOLIN vaccine database contains 4712 vaccines or vaccine candidates for 219 pathogens by manual curation from 4982 peer-reviewed papers. It also contains 24,345 vaccine-related abstracts and 10,317 full text documents.

Please cite this publication for VIOLIN:

He Y, Racz R, Sayers S, Lin Y, Todd T, Hur J, Li X, Patel M, Zhao B, Chung M, Ostrow J, Sylora A, Dungarani P, Ulysse G, Kochhar K, Vidri B, Strait K, Jourdian GW, Xiang Z. Updates on the web-based VIOLIN vaccine database and analysis system. Nucleic Acids Research. 2014. 42 (D1): D1124-D1132. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkt1133. First published online: November 19, 2013. [NAR] [PubMed PMID: 24259431] [PDF] [PMCID: PMC3964998]

Or the previous VIOLIN manuscript:

Zuoshuang Xiang, Thomas Todd, Kim P. Ku, Bethany L. Kovacic, Charles B. Larson, Fang Chen, Andrew P. Hodges, Yuying Tian, Elizabeth A. Olenzek, Boyang Zhao, Lesley A. Colby, Howard G. Rush, Janet R. Gilsdorf, George W. Jourdian, Yongqun He. VIOLIN: Vaccine Investigation and Online Information Network. Nucleic Acids Res. 2008 Jan;36(Database issue):D923-8. [NAR] [PubMed PMID: 18025042] [PMCID: PMC2238972] [PDF].

More publications for citing specific VIOLIN programs