• Vaccine Name: T. annulata Subunit SPAG-1 Protein Vaccine
• Target Pathogen: Theileria annulata
• Target Disease: Theileriosis
• Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0011517
• Type: Subunit vaccine
• Status: Research
• Host Species as Laboratory Animal Model: cow
• spag-1 gene engineering:
  • Type: Recombinant protein preparation
  • Description:
  • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
• Adjuvant:
  • Adjuvant name:
  • VO adjuvant ID: VO_0001267
  • Description: RWL, a proprietary saponin-based adjuvant supplied by SmithKline Beecham (Boulter et al., 1998)
• Immunization Route: Intramuscular injection (i.m.)

Cattle Response

• Vaccination Protocol: Three immunizations were given at 28 day intervals. The vaccination trials took place at two sites, the Centre for Tropical Veterinary Medicine (CTVM) in Edinburgh and Utrecht University, the Netherlands. The four CTVM groups (groups I, II, III and IV) were immunized with His6-SPAG-1 in RWL, NS1-p67 in RWL, His6-SPAG-1 incorporated into ISCOMs and PBS-RWL control, respectively, at the doses indicated. RWL is a proprietary saponin-based adjuvant supplied by SmithKline Beecham. The NS1-p67 has been previously described 8 and was supplied by collaborators at ILRI, Nairobi, Kenya. The four groups of cattle at Utrecht University (groups V, VI, VII and VIII) were immunized with His6-SPAG-1, His6-TAMS 1-1/1-2, His6-SPAG-1 plus TAMS 1-1/1-2, all incorporated into ISCOMs and an ISCOM control, at the doses indicated (Boulter et al., 1998).
• Challenge Protocol: Fourteen days after the third immunization all the calves were challenged with an ∼LD50 (0.2 tick equivalents) of the same T. annulata Hissar sporozoite stabilate.
• Efficacy: All the data collected from these two trials indicate that SPAG-1 administered with RWL is better at inducing an effective immune response than SPAG-1 incorporated into ISCOMs, with or without the presence of merozoite antigens. The SPAG-1 RWL group appeared to be the best protected to challenge. The prepatent period in this group, i.e. the time to when the first macroschizont is seen in lymph node smears, is significantly increased compared to controls, as is the incubation period. Furthermore, 3 of the animals in this group survived challenge (Boulter et al., 1998).