• Vaccine Name: M2 mutant from Influenza A
• Target Pathogen: Influenza virus
• Target Disease: Influenza (flu)
• Product Name: M2KO
• Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0004287
• Type: Live, attenuated vaccine
• Status: Research
• Host Species as Laboratory Animal Model: Mouse
• M2 from Influenza A virus (A/Puerto Rico/8/34(H1N1)) gene engineering:
  • Type: Gene mutation
  • Description: This M2 gene is from Influenza A (Watanabe et al., 2009).
  • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
• Immunization Route: intranasal immunization

Mouse Response

• Vaccination Protocol: Intranasal vaccination of 4-week-old female BALB/c mice with different doses of M2KO virus (Watanabe et al., 2009).
• Persistence: In nasal turbinates, no virus was recovered from any mice inoculated with the M2KO virus on days 3 and 6 post infection. Mice infected with 3 × 10^6 PFU of M2KO virus showed no body weight loss. Thus, the M2KO virus is attenuated (Watanabe et al., 2009).
• Efficacy: Mice intranasally inoculated with M2KO virus, formalin-inactivated PR8, or PBS were challenged with a lethal dose of PR8 at 4 and 12 weeks postimmunization. We could not detect virus in organs of mice inoculated either with 3 × 106 or 3 × 105 PFU of M2KO viruses, indicating that vaccination with these amounts of M2KO virus gave mice sterile immunity (Watanabe et al., 2009).
• Host IgA response
  • Description: IgG and IgA titers were determined by examination of sera, trachea/lungs, and nasal washes. Mice inoculated with M2KO had significantly higher IgG and IgA antibodies as compared to PBS inoculated mice. Antibody responses correlated with dosage of M2KO. Samples were obtained 4 weeks post-immunization (Watanabe et al., 2009).
  • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
• Host IgG response
  • Description: IgG and IgA titers were determined by examination of sera, trachea/lungs, and nasal washes. Mice inoculated with M2KO had significantly higher IgG and IgA antibodies as compared to PBS inoculated mice. Antibody responses correlated with dosage of M2KO. Samples were obtained 4 weeks post-immunization (Watanabe et al., 2009).
  • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.