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Vaccine Detail
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MUC1 Engineered Membrane Vesicle (E-MV) Vaccine |
| Vaccine Information |
- Vaccine Name: MUC1 Engineered Membrane Vesicle (E-MV) Vaccine
- Target Pathogen: Cancer
- Target Disease: Cancer
- Type: Engineered bacterial membrane vesicle
- Status: Research
- Host Species for Licensed Use: Mouse
- Antigen: 2 MUC1 VNTRs (Zhang et al., 2026)
- Immunization Route: subcutaneous injection
- Description: An engineered bacterial membrane vesicle (E-MV) vaccine derived from E. coli Rosetta (DE3) displaying MUC1 VNTR (2× tandem repeat) on its surface via genetic fusion to ClyA, a naturally surface-exposed bacterial membrane protein. The fusion construct (ClyA-MUC1 2×VNTR-3HA) was IPTG-induced, and E-MVs were produced by detergent extraction, ultrasonication, and sequential extrusion, yielding spherical nanoparticles of ~196 nm with stable size over 6 days and a zeta potential of −10.66 mV. E-MVs integrate a surface-tethered MUC1 VNTR antigen with intrinsic MV adjuvanticity (MAMPs including lipoproteins, LPS, and peptidoglycans), enabling direct DC activation without exogenous adjuvant. In vitro, E-MVs were efficiently internalized by BMDCs and DC2.4 cells, induced DC maturation (↑CD80⁺CD86⁺), and enhanced MHC I/II antigen-presentation capacity significantly more than non-engineered MVs. Following subcutaneous administration, E-MVs preferentially accumulated in ipsilateral draining lymph nodes. In therapeutic B16-MUC1 melanoma, E-MVs achieved 99.75% tumor inhibition vs. 89.39% for MV, with near-complete tumor regression by day 27, elevated splenic CD3⁺CD8⁺ T cells, a CD8⁺/CD4⁺ ratio that was increased 1.29-fold vs. control and 1.43-fold vs. MV, and ↑IFN-γ⁺CD8⁺ T cells in blood. Prophylactic B16-MUC1 vaccination achieved 95.07% tumor suppression vs. 67.76% for MV with improved survival. In the “cold” 4T1 breast cancer model, E-MVs increased mature DC proportions in lymph nodes, elevated splenic CD8⁺ T cells and blood CD8⁺IFN-γ⁺ T cells, reduced tumor volume and weight vs. control and MV, and increased tumor-infiltrating CD8⁺ T cells by day 27. In a prophylactic 4T1 challenge model, E-MVs enlarged ipsilateral lymph nodes, preferentially accumulated in ipsilateral draining lymph nodes, and elevated splenic IFN-γ⁺CD8⁺ T cells. No significant hemolysis was observed at 200 μg/mL (Zhang et al., 2026).
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| Host Response |
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| References |
Zhang et al., 2026: Zhang R, Sun Y, Ding F, Ju W, Chu Z, Ren Z, He Z, Wang X, Wang P. Antitumor Immunity Mediated by Nanoreactors Based on Bacterial Membrane Vesicles. Molecular pharmaceutics. 2026; ; . [PubMed: 42228764].
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