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Vaccine Detail
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MUC1 100-mer peptide vaccine with MPLA, R848, and CpG 1826 encapsulated in C3-targeting liposomes |
| Vaccine Information |
- Vaccine Name: MUC1 100-mer peptide vaccine with MPLA, R848, and CpG 1826 encapsulated in C3-targeting liposomes
- Target Pathogen: Cancer
- Target Disease: Cancer
- Type: Peptide vaccine
- Status: Research
- Host Species for Licensed Use: Mouse
- Antigen: 5 MUC1 VNTRs (5×GVTSAPDTRPAPGSTAPPAH, 100aa) (Arabi et al., 2023; Soltani et al., 2025)
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Adjuvant:
MPLA, R848, and CpG 1826 (Arabi et al., 2023; Soltani et al., 2025)
- Immunization Route: subcutaneous injection
- Description: A liposomal peptide vaccine encapsulating the MUC1 100mer peptide (5 tandem repeats of GVTSAPDTRPAPGSTAPPAH) with three TLR agonists — MPLA (TLR4), R848 (TLR7/8), and CpG 1826 (TLR9) — in complement C3-targeted liposomes of approximately 279 nm (DPPC/DSPC/DSPE-PEG(2000)-PDP/DSPE-PEG(2000), 76:18:3:3), with 3.3–5.0% MUC1 encapsulation efficiency (Arabi et al., 2023; Soltani et al., 2025). The OPSS group binds endogenous C3, enabling APC-targeted uptake: 85.59% of CD11b+ cells internalized MUC1 C3-liposomes/3Adj versus 60.88% without adjuvant, 5.05% for non-targeted MUC1 control liposomes, and 3.59% for non-targeted MUC1 control liposomes/3Adj (Arabi et al., 2023). In immunogenicity studies, triple TLR agonist encapsulation induced higher anti-MUC1 IgG (315 vs 193 µg/mL) and eliminated the sex-based antibody gap via a 3.3-fold male boost (81 to 271 µg/mL, p=0.0009) with no change in females, and induced significantly more IFN-γ-producing T cells than all other groups (Arabi et al., 2023). In a tumor challenge study, MUC1 C3-liposomes alone significantly reduced tumor growth versus PBS (p=0.006) while free MUC1 did not, significantly reduced splenic monocytic MDSCs versus PBS, and induced significantly more IFN-γ-producing T cells than free MUC1 and adjuvant-only C3-liposomes; adjuvant-only C3-liposomes also significantly reduced tumor growth, driven by females, with no effect in males. Combined MUC1+TLR agonists produced a sex-dependent divergence: males developed significantly smaller tumors than PBS controls (p=0.008), while females showed no tumor reduction and larger tumors than males (p=0.003), associated with elevated splenic CD11b+, Ly6C+, and Ly6G+ MDSCs in females versus males, and significantly more IFN-γ-producing T cells versus free MUC1 and adjuvant-only controls. No hepatotoxicity was observed (Soltani et al., 2025).
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| Host Response |
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| References |
Arabi et al., 2023: Arabi A, Aria Soltani S, Maniaci B, Mann K, Martinson H, Kullberg M. Enhancing T Cell and Antibody Response in Mucin-1 Transgenic Mice through Co-Delivery of Tumor-Associated Mucin-1 Antigen and TLR Agonists in C3-Liposomes. Pharmaceutics. 2023; 15(12); . [PubMed: 38140114].
Soltani et al., 2025: Soltani S, Arabi A, Mann K, Hess A, Martinson HA, Kullberg M. C3-Liposome Delivery of MUC1 Peptide and TLR Agonists Enhances Adaptive Immunity and Results in Sex-Based Tumor Growth Differences. Pharmaceutics. 2025; 17(4); . [PubMed: 40284463].
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