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Vaccine Detail
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BSA-MUC1-TLR7a/Alum Binary Adjuvant Vaccine |
| Vaccine Information |
- Vaccine Name: BSA-MUC1-TLR7a/Alum Binary Adjuvant Vaccine
- Target Pathogen: Cancer
- Target Disease: Cancer
- Type: Conjugate vaccine
- Status: Research
- Host Species for Licensed Use: Human
- Antigen: MUC1 (Zhou et al., 2022)
- Immunization Route: subcutaneous injection
- Description: A three-component conjugate vaccine consisting of MUC1 glycopeptide (13-mer: GVTSAPDTRPAPG) covalently conjugated to bovine serum albumin (BSA) carrier protein via a built-in TLR7 agonist, combined with aluminum hydroxide (Alum) adjuvant, with potential antineoplastic activity. This represents the first MUC1-targeted antitumor vaccine combining a self-adjuvanting protein conjugate with external adjuvant, creating a binary adjuvant system. Vaccination with BSA-MUC1-TLR7a/Alum stimulates potent humoral and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses against tumor cells expressing the MUC1 antigen. The vaccine elicits high anti-MUC1 IgG antibody titers (166,809) with Th1-biased immune responses (IgG2a/IgG1 ratio = 2.0). Serum antibodies effectively recognize and bind MUC1-positive MCF-7 breast cancer and B16-MUC1 melanoma cells and induce complement-dependent cytotoxicity (32% cell viability in MCF-7 cells). The vaccine generates MUC1 glycopeptide-specific CD8+ T-cell responses producing IFN-γ and TNF-α cytokines (2.6% IFN-γ⁺TNF-α⁺ CD8⁺ T cells) and high IFN-γ secretion (210 spots by ELISpot). In B16-MUC1 melanoma tumor challenge experiments, BSA-MUC1-TLR7a/Alum significantly inhibited tumor growth (mean tumor volume <500 mm³ vs >1,000 mm³ in controls) and prolonged survival time in mice. MUC1 antigen, a membrane-bound glycoprotein expressed by most glandular and ductal epithelial cells, is overexpressed in an aberrant or deglycosylated form in various cancers such as those of the breast, ovary, and prostate (Zhou et al., 2022).
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| Host Response |
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| References |
Zhou et al., 2022: Zhou SH, Li YT, Zhang RY, Liu YL, You ZW, Bian MM, Wen Y, Wang J, Du JJ, Guo J. Alum Adjuvant and Built-in TLR7 Agonist Synergistically Enhance Anti-MUC1 Immune Responses for Cancer Vaccine. Frontiers in immunology. 2022; 13; 857779. [PubMed: 35371101].
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