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Vaccine Detail
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Antigen-CPP vaccine |
| Vaccine Information |
- Vaccine Name: Antigen-CPP vaccine
- Target Pathogen: Cancer
- Target Disease: Cancer
- Type: Conjugate vaccine
- Status: Research
- Host Species for Licensed Use: None
- Antigen: tumor antigens (Backlund et al., 2022)
- Immunization Route: Other
- Description: Peptide vaccine potency can be enhanced by covalent conjugation of antigens with cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), linear cationic and amphiphilic peptide sequences designed to promote intracellular delivery of associated cargos. Antigen-CPPs have been reported to exhibit enhanced immunogenicity compared to free peptides. Linkage of antigens to CPPs did not impact dendritic cell activation but did promote uptake of linked antigens by dendritic cells both in vitro and in vivo. Antigens delivered by CPP peptides were predominantly presented via the process of cross-presentation and not through CPP-mediated cytosolic delivery of peptide to the classical MHC class I antigen processing pathway. Many CPPs significantly enhanced antigen accumulation in draining lymph nodes. This effect was associated with the ability of CPPs to bind to lymph-trafficking lipoproteins and protection of CPP-antigens from proteolytic degradation in serum. This resulted in prolonged presentation of CPP-peptides in draining lymph nodes, leading to robust T cell priming and expansion. CPPs can act through multiple unappreciated mechanisms to enhance T cell priming that can be exploited for cancer vaccines with enhanced potency. (Backlund et al., 2022)
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