• Vaccine Name: live attenuated Brucella neotomae gamma irradiated vaccine
• Target Pathogen: Brucella spp.
• Target Disease: Brucellosis
• Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0009232
• Type: Live attenuated vaccine
• Status: Research
• Host Species for Licensed Use: Human
• Host Species as Laboratory Animal Model: Mus musculus
• Preparation: B. neotomae rendered non-replicative by gamma-radiation. (Moustafa et al, 2011)
  Gamma-irradiated B. neotomae administered orally in different doses (10^9, 10^10, 10^11 CFU-equivalent). (Dabral et al, 2014)
• Description: The study aimed to evaluate Brucella neotomae, a bacterium not known to cause disease, as a vaccine platform for human brucellosis. Efficacy: Vaccinated mice showed significant resistance against challenge with virulent B. abortus, B. melitensis, and B. suis. Immune response: Induction of antigen-specific antibody and T cell responses. (Moustafa et al, 2011)
  The study tested oral immunization with gamma-irradiated B. neotomae to induce protection against virulent Brucella abortus 2308. Efficacy: Mice vaccinated with B. neotomae showed highest resistance to B. abortus 2308 colonization in spleen and liver after intraperitoneal challenge; all tested doses conferred significant protection intraperitoneally; highest dose (10^11 CFU-equivalent) required for protection against intranasal challenge with reduced bacterial colonization in spleens and lungs. Immune response: Induction of serum and mucosal antibodies specific to smooth LPS including IgM, IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, and IgG3 isotypes; antigen-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells secreting IFN-γ and TNF-α were elicited. (Dabral et al, 2014)

Mouse Response

• Immune Response: Induction of antigen-specific antibody and T cell responses. (Moustafa et al, 2011)
• Challenge Protocol: Immunization of mice followed by challenge with virulent Brucella abortus 2308, Brucella melitensis 16 M, and Brucella suis 1330 strains. (Moustafa et al, 2011)
• Efficacy: Vaccinated mice showed significant resistance against challenge with virulent B. abortus, B. melitensis, and B. suis. (Moustafa et al, 2011)
• Description: Immunization of mice followed by challenge with virulent Brucella abortus 2308, Brucella melitensis 16 M, and Brucella suis 1330 strains. (Moustafa et al, 2011)

Mouse Response

• Vaccination Protocol: Oral prime-boost immunization in mice. (Dabral et al, 2014)
• Immune Response: Induction of serum and mucosal antibodies specific to smooth LPS including IgM, IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, and IgG3 isotypes; antigen-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells secreting IFN-γ and TNF-α were elicited. (Dabral et al, 2014)
• Challenge Protocol: Oral prime-boost immunization in mice followed by intraperitoneal and intranasal challenge with virulent B. abortus 2308. (Dabral et al, 2014)
• Efficacy: Mice vaccinated with B. neotomae showed highest resistance to B. abortus 2308 colonization in spleen and liver after intraperitoneal challenge; all tested doses conferred significant protection intraperitoneally; highest dose (10^11 CFU-equivalent) required for protection against intranasal challenge with reduced bacterial colonization in spleens and lungs. (Dabral et al, 2014)
• Description: Oral prime-boost immunization in mice followed by intraperitoneal and intranasal challenge with virulent B. abortus 2308. (Dabral et al, 2014)