• Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0009363
• Type: Live attenuated vaccine + Recombinant vector vaccine
• Status: Research
• Host Species as Laboratory Animal Model: Mus musculus (BALB/c mice); Canis lupus familiaris (Beagles)
• Antigen: BCSP31; Omp3b; SOD | BCSP31; Omp3b; superoxide dismutase
• Preparation: Mixture of three delivery strains of live, attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium expressing the three Brucella abortus proteins. (Kim et al, 2016)
  A mixture of three recombinant Salmonella strains expressing the three Brucella abortus proteins was prepared at various doses for intraperitoneal immunization. (Kim et al, 2017)
  A mixture of three live attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium delivery strains, each expressing one of the recombinant Brucella abortus proteins BCSP31, Omp3b, or superoxide dismutase (SOD), was used for subcutaneous vaccination. (Kim et al, 2018)
• Description: A live, attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium vaccine candidate was constructed to express BCSP31, Omp3b, and SOD proteins of Brucella abortus. Efficacy: Intraperitoneal immunization with the vaccine candidate significantly reduced Brucella abortus strain 544 colonization in spleen (<10^3 CFU), indicating effective protection. Immune response: Significant increases in serum IgG, TNF-α, and IFN-γ concentrations were observed in immunized groups compared to control, except for Omp3b in oral immunization group. (Kim et al, 2016)
  Attenuated Salmonella strains expressing Brucella abortus BCSP31, Omp3b, and superoxide dismutase proteins were developed as vaccine candidates to protect against brucellosis. Efficacy: The highest dose group (1.2 × 10^6 CFU/mL) showed significantly increased immune responses and complete clearance of challenge strain from spleen, indicating effective protection. Immune response: Significantly higher serum IgG, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interferon gamma concentrations were observed in the highest dose group compared to lower doses and control. (Kim et al, 2017)
  This study aimed to establish proof-of-concept for protective efficacy of a Salmonella-based Brucella abortus vaccine candidate in Beagles. Efficacy: Following challenge, the vaccine reduced bacterial isolation from multiple lymph nodes and organs compared to vector control; some vaccinated Beagles showed no bacterial isolates in tested tissues, indicating partial protection. Immune response: Vaccinated Beagles showed significantly higher serum IgG, interleukin-4, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interferon-gamma concentrations compared to controls, indicating enhanced humoral and cellular immune responses. (Kim et al, 2018)

Mouse Response

• Host Strain: BALB/c
• Vaccination Protocol: BALB/c mice were intraperitoneally immunized with different doses of the vaccine mixture; immune responses (serum IgG, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma) were measured; mice were challenged with Brucella abortus 544 and bacterial presence in spleen was assessed. (Kim et al, 2017)
• Immune Response: Significantly higher serum IgG, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interferon gamma concentrations were observed in the highest dose group compared to lower doses and control. (Kim et al, 2017)
• Challenge Protocol: BALB/c mice were intraperitoneally immunized with different doses of the vaccine mixture; immune responses (serum IgG, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma) were measured; mice were challenged with Brucella abortus 544 and bacterial presence in spleen was assessed. (Kim et al, 2017)
• Efficacy: The highest dose group (1.2 × 10^6 CFU/mL) showed significantly increased immune responses and complete clearance of challenge strain from spleen, indicating effective protection. (Kim et al, 2017)
• Description: BALB/c mice were intraperitoneally immunized with different doses of the vaccine mixture; immune responses (serum IgG, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma) were measured; mice were challenged with Brucella abortus 544 and bacterial presence in spleen was assessed. (Kim et al, 2017)

Dog Response

• Immune Response: Vaccinated Beagles showed significantly higher serum IgG, interleukin-4, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interferon-gamma concentrations compared to controls, indicating enhanced humoral and cellular immune responses. (Kim et al, 2018)
• Challenge Protocol: Beagles were subcutaneously vaccinated with the Salmonella delivery strains expressing the three recombinant proteins; immune responses were measured by serum IgG and cytokine levels; protective efficacy was evaluated by intraconjunctival challenge with Brucella abortus 544 and subsequent bacterial isolation from tissues. (Kim et al, 2018)
• Efficacy: Following challenge, the vaccine reduced bacterial isolation from multiple lymph nodes and organs compared to vector control; some vaccinated Beagles showed no bacterial isolates in tested tissues, indicating partial protection. (Kim et al, 2018)
• Description: Beagles were subcutaneously vaccinated with the Salmonella delivery strains expressing the three recombinant proteins; immune responses were measured by serum IgG and cytokine levels; protective efficacy was evaluated by intraconjunctival challenge with Brucella abortus 544 and subsequent bacterial isolation from tissues. (Kim et al, 2018)