VIOLIN: Vaccine Investigation and Online Information Network

Aeromonas salmonicida

Table of Contents

General Information
Vaccine Related Pathogen Genes
1. aopX (Protective antigen)
2. aroA (Protective antigen)
3. asaP1 (Protective antigen)
4. aroA (Virmugen)
Vaccine Information
References

I. General Information

1. NCBI Taxonomy ID:

645

2. Disease:

Furunculosis, Bald sea urchin disease

3. Introduction

Aeromonas salmonicida is a species of Gram-negative bacteria, from the genus Aeromonas, which causes the disease furunculosis in marine and freshwater fish. The symptoms the fish show are external and internal hemorrhaging, swelling of the vents and kidneys, boils, ulcers, liquefaction, and gastroenteritis. Furunculosis is commonly known as tail rot in fish and is common in gold and koi fish. Infected fish with open sores are able to spread the disease to other fish. It is also responsible for bald sea urchin disease.

Most strands of the bacterium are non-motile. It is bacillus in shape. The short rods have rounded ends which allow it to be easily confused as a coccus. Aeromonas salmonicida is a facultative anaerobe which means that it is capable of making ATP by aerobic respiration if oxygen is present but is also capable of switching to fermentation when oxygen is not present. It does not ferment sucrose or lactose, using glucose in this pathway instead; glucose fermentation creates gas (Wiki: Aeromonas salmonicida).

4. Host Ranges and Animal Models

All species of salmon, trout, charr and grayling are susceptible to infection with Aeromonas salmonicida (USGS Fish Disease Leaflets).

II. Vaccine Related Pathogen Genes

1. aopX

Gene Name : aopX
Sequence Strain (Species/Organism) : Aeromonas salmonicida subsp.
NCBI Protein GI : ACK98975
Taxonomy ID : 80745
Protein Name : putative T3SS effector AopX
Protein pI : 10.21
Protein Weight : 8094.252
Protein Length : 158

Protein Sequence : Show Sequence

>ACK98975.1 putative T3SS effector AopX, partial [Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. smithia]
FEQSVQRGIGHFQSSDLKQVISALRQLQSAPDSGKAQRVQDAIQHWELHHPKEVTARGARLTELKQAL

Molecule Role : Protective antigen
Molecule Role Annotation : (Bergh et al., 2013)

2. aroA

Gene Name : aroA
Sequence Strain (Species/Organism) : Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida A449
NCBI Gene ID : 4997369
NCBI Protein GI : 145298842
Locus Tag : ASA_1859
Genbank Accession : CP000644
Protein Accession : YP_001141683
Taxonomy ID : 382245
Gene Starting Position : 1959933
Gene Ending Position : 1961216
Gene Strand (Orientation) : +
Protein Name : 3-phosphoshikimate 1-carboxyvinyltransferase
Protein pI : 6.3
Protein Weight : 43170.95
Protein Length : 427
Protein Note : catalyzes the formation of 5-O-(1-carboxyvinyl)-3-phosphoshikimate from phosphoenolpyruvate and 3-phosphoshikimate in tryptophan biosynthesis

DNA Sequence : Show Sequence

>gi|145297124:1959933-1961216 Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida A449, complete genome
TATGAATTCGTTGCGTTTGGAACCCATTTCTCGTGTGGCCGGTGAGGTCAATCTGCCCGGCTCCAAGAGC
GTATCCAATCGGGCTTTGTTGCTGGCGGCCCTTGCCCGTGGCACCACCCGGCTGACCAATCTGCTCGACA
GCGATGATATTCGTCATATGCTGGCGGCGCTGACCCAGCTCGGGGTCAAGTACAAGCTTTCCGCCGACAA
GACAGAGTGCACAGTGCACGGTCTGGGTCGCAGCTTTGCGGTATCGGCACCGGTCAACCTGTTCCTCGGC
AATGCCGGTACTGCCATGCGTCCCCTCTGTGCGGCCCTGTGTCTGGGATCCGGTGAATACATGCTGGGCG
GTGAACCCAGGATGGAAGAGCGTCCCATCGGCCATCTGGTGGATGCCTTGCGTGAAGCGGGCGCCCATAT
CCAGTACCTGAAAAAAGATGGCTACCCGCCGCTGGTGGTGGATGCCAAGGGTCTCTGGGGCGGTGACGTA
CACGTCGATGGGTCCGTCTCCAGCCAGTTCCTGACGGCGTTTTTGATGGCGGCGCCCATGGCGGCCGGTG
ATACCCGTATCCACATCAAGGGTGAGCTGGTCTCCAAGCCCTACATCGACATCACGTTGCACATCATGAA
ACAGTTCGGGGTGGTCATCGAGCACGACAACTACAAGCTGTTCTACATCAAGGGCAACCAGAGCTATGTC
AGCCCGGGTGACTTCCTGGTGGAAGGGGACGCCTCCAGCGCTTCTTACTTCCTCGCGGCAGGTGCCATCA
AGGGCAAGGTGCGGGTGACCGGCATCGGCAAGCACAGTATTCAGGGCGATATCCACTTCGCCGACGTGCT
GGAGAGGATGGGCGCCCGCATCACCTGGGGTGACGACTTCATCGAGGCAGAGCAAGGCCCGCTGCACGGC
GTCGACATGGACATGAACCATATTCCGGATGCGGCCATGACCATAGCGGTCGCGGCACTGTTTGCCGAGG
GGCCCACCTCCATTCGCAACATCTACAACTGGCGGGTGAAGGAGACGGATCGTCTGCACGCCATGGCCAC
CGAGCTGCGCAAGCTGGGTGTGGAGGTGGAAGAGGGGCACGACTTCATTACCGTGACGCCGCCGACCCAG
CTCAAGCACGCCGAGATCGACACCTACAACGATCACCGCATCGCCATGTGCTTCTCGCTGGTGGCGCTGT
CCGATATCGCCGTCACCATCAATGATCCGGGTTGTACTTCCAAGACCTTCCCGGACTACTTCGATAAATT
GGCCAGCGTCAGCCAGGCCGTTTG

Protein Sequence : Show Sequence

>gi|145298842|ref|YP_001141683.1| 3-phosphoshikimate 1-carboxyvinyltransferase [Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida A449]
MNSLRLEPISRVAGEVNLPGSKSVSNRALLLAALARGTTRLTNLLDSDDIRHMLAALTQLGVKYKLSADK
TECTVHGLGRSFAVSAPVNLFLGNAGTAMRPLCAALCLGSGEYMLGGEPRMEERPIGHLVDALREAGAHI
QYLKKDGYPPLVVDAKGLWGGDVHVDGSVSSQFLTAFLMAAPMAAGDTRIHIKGELVSKPYIDITLHIMK
QFGVVIEHDNYKLFYIKGNQSYVSPGDFLVEGDASSASYFLAAGAIKGKVRVTGIGKHSIQGDIHFADVL
ERMGARITWGDDFIEAEQGPLHGVDMDMNHIPDAAMTIAVAALFAEGPTSIRNIYNWRVKETDRLHAMAT
ELRKLGVEVEEGHDFITVTPPTQLKHAEIDTYNDHRIAMCFSLVALSDIAVTINDPGCTSKTFPDYFDKL
ASVSQAV

Molecule Role : Virmugen
Molecule Role Annotation : The aroA gene was inactivated by inserting a fragment expressing kanamycin resistance within the coding sequence and challenged in fish. The LD50 for unvaccinated
fish was 7.1 x 101. In contrast, the LD50 was 1.8 x 104 in fish vaccinated once and 3 x 105 in fish vaccinated twice (Vaughan et al., 1993).
Related Vaccine(s): A. salmonicida live-attenuated vaccine encoding AroA

3. aroA

Gene Name : aroA
Sequence Strain (Species/Organism) : Aeromonas salmonicida
VO ID : VO_0011024
NCBI Protein GI : 512545
Other Database IDs : GOA:Q03321
UniProtKB/UniProt: Q03321
Taxonomy ID : 645
Gene Strand (Orientation) : ?
Protein pI : 6.95
Protein Weight : 43119.66
Protein Length : 476

Protein Sequence : Show Sequence

>CAA01426.1 aroA [Aeromonas salmonicida]
MNSLRLEPISRVAGEVNLPGSKSVSNGALLLAALARGTTRLTNLLDSDDIRHMLAALTQLGVKYKLSADK
TECTVHGLGRSFAVSAPVNLFLGNAGTAMRPLCAALCLGSGEYMLGGEPRMEERPIGHLVDCLALKGAHI
QYLKKDGYPPLVVDAKGLWGGDVHVDGSVSSQFLTAFLMAAPAMAPVIPRIHIKGELVSKPYIDITLHIM
NSSGVVIEHDNYKLFYIKGNQSIVSPGDFLVEGDASSASYFLAAGAIKGKVRVTGIGKHSIGDIHFADVL
ERMGARITWGDDFIEAEQGPLHGVDMDMNHIPDVGHDHSGQSHCLPRVPPHSQHLQLAVRDDRCTPCTHG
HRRAQAGVSEEGTTFITRDAADPAQARRDRHLQASRIAMCFSLVALSDIAVTINDPGCTSKTFPDYFDKL
ASVSQAV

Molecule Role : Protective antigen
Molecule Role Annotation : The aroA gene of A. salmonicida was cloned in Escherichia coli, and the nucleotide sequence was determined. Vaccination of brown trout with 10(7) CFU of A. salmonicida 644Rb aroA by intraperitoneal injection resulted in a 253-fold increase in the 50% lethal dose (LD50) compared with unvaccinated controls challenged with a virulent clinical isolate 9 weeks later (Vaughan et al., 1993).
Related Vaccine(s): A. salmonicida live-attenuated vaccine encoding AroA

4. asaP1

Gene Name : asaP1
Sequence Strain (Species/Organism) : Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida A449
VO ID : VO_0011025
NCBI Gene ID : 23570045
NCBI Protein GI : AAN63381
Locus Tag : ASA_RS08320
Other Database IDs : CDD:296129
CDD:199915
Taxonomy ID : 382245
Gene Starting Position : 1729395
Gene Ending Position : 1730433
Gene Strand (Orientation) : +
Protein Name : toxic extracellular endopeptidase
Protein pI : 5.82
Protein Weight : 35293.33
Protein Length : 439
Protein Note : Putative carbohydrate binding domain; cl03918

DNA Sequence : Show Sequence

>NC_009348.1:1729395-1730433 Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida A449, complete genome
GATGAAAGTGACTCCAATAGCCTTGCTGCTGGCCGGTGTGCTGGCTTCCCCGCTCTGCGCCGCAGGGCTC
GATGCCCAACTCACCCTGGTGGATGGCAGCACAGACGACGTGCGCGTCAACCTGACATTGACCAACACGG
GTGACAAGCCTATCCGTCTGCTCAAGTGGCAACTGCCGGGCAGCGACGATGCCCCCCTGTTTTTGGTGGA
GCGGGATGGTCAACCGGTCAGCTATGAGGGGGCGCTGATCAAGCGTGCGGCGCCAACCGACAAGGATTTC
CAGTTGATCAAGGCTGGCCAGAGTCTGACGGTGCAGGCGGAAGTGTCGGGTCTCTATGACATGAGTGCTC
AGGGTCAGTACAGCATCCGCTATCAGCTGCCGGCTCTGCCGGGGACGACGAAAGCGGCCAAGGGCCAAAC
AGGCCCAGGCGAGCGAGTCCAACGCCATCACCCTGTGGGTGGAGGGGGTGAACGATGAGCGGGTTCAAGC
CAAGGTGGCCGCCGCCGAGCCCCAGGCTGTTGCCGGTTCTGTCAGTTTCAGCGGACGCTGCACCAACACC
CAGAAGAGCGATCTGTTGACGGCGCTGGATGCCGCCAGTGGCATCAGCAACAACGCCAGCAGCTATCTGG
CGGTCGACAAGCCCGATGGCCAGCGCTATCGCAGCTGGTTCGGGGCCTATAGCAGTGCCCGTTGGGATCA
GGCCGAGACGAACTTCAGCAAGATCAAGGATGCCATCGACAACAAGCCGCTCACCTTTGACTGCAGCTGC
AAGCAGAGCTACTTCGCCTACGTCTATCCGGATCAACCCTACAAGGTCTATCTGTGCAAGAGCTTCTGGA
CGGCGCCCGTCACCGGGAGCGATTCCCGTGCCGGCACCATAGTCCATGAGCTGAGTCACTTCAACGTGGT
GGCAGGCACCGACGATCTGGGTTACGGTCAGGCCAATGCCCGCAATCTGGCGAAGACGGATCCGGTCAAG
GCGCTCAACAACGCCGACAATCATGAATACTTCGCCGAGAATACCCCGAGCGAAAACTG

Protein Sequence : Show Sequence

>AAN63381.3 toxic extracellular endopeptidase [Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. achromogenes]
MMKVTPIALLLAGVLASPLCAAGLDAQLTLVDGSTDDVRVNLTLTNTGDKPIRLLKWQLPGSDDAPLFLV
ERDGQPVSYEGALIKRAAPTDKDFQLLKAGQSLTVQAEVSGLYDMSAQGQYSIRYQLPARRKRPRAKQAQ
ASESNAITLWVEGVNDERVQAKVAAAEPQAVAGSVSFSGRCTNTQKSDLLTALDAASGISNNASSYLAVD
KPDGQRYRSWFGAYSSARWDQAETNFSKIKDAIDNKPLTFDCSCKQSYFAYVYPDQPYKVYLCKSFWTAP
VTGSDSRAGTIVHELSHFNVVAGTDDLGYGQANARNLAKTDPVKALNNADNHEYFAENTPSEN

Molecule Role : Protective antigen
Molecule Role Annotation : Passive immunisation of Atlantic salmon with rainbow trout or rabbit anti-AsaP1 antisera conferred significant protection against challenge with a virulent A. salmonicida (Gudmundsdottir et al., 1997)

III. Vaccine Information

1. A. salmonicida live-attenuated vaccine encoding AroA

a. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0011386

b. Type:

Live, attenuated vaccine

c. Status:

Research

d. Antigen

A. salmonicida 644Rb aroA

e. Gene Engineering of aroA

Type: Gene mutation
Description: The aroA gene of A. salmonicida was cloned in Escherichia coli, and the nucleotide sequence was determined. The aroA gene was inactivated by inserting a fragment expressing kanamycin resistance within the coding sequence. The aroA::Kar mutation was introduced into the chromosome of virulent A. salmonicida 644Rb and 640V2 by allele replacement by using a suicide plasmid delivery system. The mutation resulted in attenuation when bacteria were injected intramuscularly into Atlantic salmon (Vaughan et al., 1993).
Detailed Gene Information: Click here.

f. Gene Engineering of aroA

Type: Gene mutation
Description: This aroA mutant is from Aeromonas salmonicida (Vaughan et al., 1993).
Detailed Gene Information: Click here.

g. Immunization Route

Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.)

h. Brown Trout Response

Vaccination Protocol: Brown trout were vaccinated with 10^7 CFU of A. salmonicida 644Rb aroa by intraperitoneal injection (Vaughan et al., 1993).
Challenge Protocol: Groups of four or five fish were challenged by intramuscular injection of dilutions of cultures of a virulent strain of A. salmonicida (Vaughan et al., 1993).
Efficacy: Vaccination of brown trout with 10^7 CFU of A. salmonicida 644Rb aroA by intraperitoneal injection resulted in a 253-fold increase in the 50% lethal dose (LD50) compared with unvaccinated controls challenged with a virulent clinical isolate 9 weeks later. A second vaccination after 6 weeks increased the LD50 by a further 16-fold (Vaughan et al., 1993).

2. AquaVac Furuvac

a. Tradename:

AquaVac Furuvac

b. Manufacturer:

Schering-Plough Animal Health

c. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0001026

d. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

e. Status:

Licensed

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Fish

g. Immunization Route

Oral

3. Infectious Salmon Anemia Virus Killed Virus Vaccine-Aeromonas Salmonicida-Vibrio Anguillarum-Ordalii-Salmonicida Bacterin (USDA: 4A45.20)

a. Manufacturer:

Novartis Animal Health US, Inc

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002320

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Fish

IV. References

1. Bergh et al., 2013: Bergh PV, Burr SE, Benedicenti O, von Siebenthal B, Frey J, Wahli T. Antigens of the type-three secretion system of Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida prevent protective immunity in rainbow trout. Vaccine. 2013; 31(45); 5256-5261. [PubMed: 24012573].

2. Gudmundsdottir et al., 1997: BJARNHEIDUR K. GUDMUNDSDÓTTIR, BERGLJÓT MAGNADÓTTIR. Protection of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salarL.) against an experimental infection ofAeromonas salmonicidassp.achromogenes. Fish & shellfish immunology. 1997; 7(1); 55-69.

3. Lund et al., 2003: Lund V, Espelid S, Mikkelsen H. Vaccine efficacy in spotted wolffish Anarhichas minor: relationship to molecular variation in A-layer protein of atypical Aeromonas salmonicida. Diseases of aquatic organisms. 2003; 56(1); 31-42. [PubMed: 14524499].

4. Sundvold et al., 2010: Sundvold H, Ruyter B, Ostbye TK, Moen T. Identification of a novel allele of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) and its association with resistance to Aeromonas salmonicida in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Fish & shellfish immunology. 2010; 28(2); 394-400. [PubMed: 20004720].

5. USGS Fish Disease Leaflets: Furunculosis and Other Diseases Caused by Aeromonas Salmonicida [http://www.lsc.usgs.gov/fhb/leaflets/FHB66.pdf]

6. Vaughan et al., 1993: Vaughan LM, Smith PR, Foster TJ. An aromatic-dependent mutant of the fish pathogen Aeromonas salmonicida is attenuated in fish and is effective as a live vaccine against the salmonid disease furunculosis. Infection and immunity. 1993; 61(5); 2172-2181. [PubMed: 8478107].

7. Wiki: Aeromonas salmonicida: Aeromonas salmonicida [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeromonas_salmonicida]