VIOLIN: Vaccine Investigation and Online Information Network

Measles virus

Table of Contents

General Information
Vaccine Related Pathogen Genes
1. F fusion protein (Protective antigen)
2. H hemagglutinin protein (Protective antigen)
3. M matrix protein (Protective antigen)
4. N nucleocapsid protein (Protective antigen)
5. P phosphoprotein (Protective antigen)
Vaccine Related Host Genes
1. IFNG
Vaccine Information
References

I. General Information

1. NCBI Taxonomy ID:

11234

2. Disease:

Measles

3. Introduction

Measles virus is a negative strand RNA virus in the Morbillivirus genus of the Paramyxoviridae family. The virus was first isolated in 1954. Measles virus causes measles, a highly infectious disease of humans spread by the respiratory route and characterized by fever and rash. Important complications include secondary infections associated with MV-induced immune suppression and the neurological disease post-infectious encephalomyelitis (Griffin et al., 2008).

4. Microbial Pathogenesis

Measles virus (MV) has two envelope glycoproteins, the haemagglutinin (H) and fusion proteins, which are responsible for attachment and membrane fusion, respectively. Human signalling lymphocyte activation molecule (SLAM; also called CD150), a membrane glycoprotein of the immunoglobulin superfamily, acts as a cellular receptor for MV. SLAM is expressed on immature thymocytes, activated lymphocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells. It regulates production of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 by CD4+ T cells, as well as production of IL-12, tumour necrosis factor alpha and nitric oxide by macrophages. The distribution of SLAM is in accord with the lymphotropism and immunosuppressive nature of MV (Yanagi et al., 2006).

5. Host Ranges and Animal Models

Humans are the only known natural host of measles, although the virus can infect some non-human primate species (Wiki: Measles).

6. Host Protective Immunity

Although innate responses probably contribute to control of virus replication during the incubation period, the onset of clinically apparent disease coincides with the appearance of MV-specific adaptive humoral and cellular immune responses. Antibody can protect from MV infection and may contribute to recovery from infection. Antibody is sufficient for protection because infants are protected by maternal antibody and passive transfer of immune serum can modify or interfere with measles vaccination and can partially protect children from measles after exposure. The best correlate of protection from infection is the level of neutralizing antibody. In infants, the level of maternal antibody correlates with failure of the humoral response to vaccination (Griffin et al., 2008).

II. Vaccine Related Pathogen Genes

1. F fusion protein

Gene Name : F fusion protein
Sequence Strain (Species/Organism) : Measles morbillivirus
VO ID : VO_0011167
NCBI Gene ID : 1489800
NCBI Protein GI : 9626950
Locus Tag : MeVgp4
Genbank Accession : AB016162
Protein Accession : NP_056922
Taxonomy ID : 11234
Gene Starting Position : 4875
Gene Ending Position : 7246
Gene Strand (Orientation) : +
Protein Name : mRNA
Protein pI : 8.55
Protein Weight : 55859.92
Protein Length : 550
Protein Note : additional G inserted at 2499:V

DNA Sequence : Show Sequence

>NC_001498.1:4875-7246 Measles virus, complete genome
AGGGCCAAGGAACACACACACTCGACAGAACCCAGACCCCGGCCCGCGGCACCGCGCCCCCACCCCCCGA
AAACCAGAGGGAGCCCCCAACCAAACCCGCCGGCCCCCCCGGTGCCCACAGGTAGGCACACCAACCCCCG
ACCAGACCCAGCACCCAGCCACCGACAATCCAAGACGGGGGGCCCCCCCCAAAAAAAGGCCCCCAGGGGC
CGACAGCCAGCATCGCGAGGAAGCACACCCACCCCACACACGACCACGGCAACCGAACCAGAGTCCAGAC
CACCCTGGGCCACCAGCTCCCAGACTCGGCCATCACCCCGCAAAAAGGAAAGGCCACAACCCGCGCACCC
CAGCCCCGATCCGGCGGGCAGCCACTCAACCCGAACCAGCACCCAAGAGCGATCCCTGGGGGACCCCCAA
ACCGCAAAAGACATCAGTATCCCACAGCCTCTCCAAGTCCCCCGGTCTCCTCCTCTTCTCGAAGGGACCA
AAAGATCAATCCACCACATCCGACGACACTCAATTCCCCACCCCCAAAGGAGACACCGGGAATCCCAGAA
TCAAGACTCATCCAGTGTCCATCATGGGTCTCAAGGTGAACGTCTCTGCCATATTCATGGCAGTACTGTT
AACTCTCCAAACACCCACCGGTCAAATCCATTGGGGCAATCTCTCTAAGATAGGGGTGGTAGGGATAGGA
AGTGCAAGCTACAAAGTTATGACTCGTTCCAGCCATCAATCATTGGTCATAAAATTAATGCCCAATATAA
CTCTCCTCAATAACTGCACGAGGGTAGAGATCGCAGAATACAGGAGACTACTGAGAACAGTTTTGGAACC
AATTAGAGATGCACTTAATGCAATGACCCAGAATATAAGACCGGTTCAGAGTGTAGCTTCAAGTAGGAGA
CACAAGAGATTTGCGGGAGTTGTCCTGGCAGGTGCGGCCCTAGGCGTTGCCACAGCTGCTCAGATAACAG
CCGGCATTGCACTTCACCAGTCCATGCTGAACTCTCAAGCCATCGACAATCTGAGAGCAAGCCTGGAAAC
TACTAATCAGGCAATTGAGGCAATCAGACAAGCAGGGCAGGAGATGATATTGGCTGTTCAGGGTGTCCAA
GACTACATCAATAATGAGCTGATACCGTCTATGAACCAACTATCTTGTGATTTAATCGGCCAGAAGCTAG
GGCTCAAATTGCTCAGATACTATACAGAAATCCTGTCATTATTTGGCCCCAGCTTACGGGACCCCATATC
TGCGGAGATATCCATCCAGGCTTTGAGCTATGCGCTTGGAGGAGATATCAATAAGGTATTAGAAAAGCTC
GGATACAGTGGAGGTGATTTACTGGGCATCTTAGAGAGCAGAGGAATAAAGGCCCGGATAACTCACGTCG
ACACAGAGTCCTACTTCATTGTACTCAGTATAGCCTATCCGACGCTGTCCGAGATTAAGGGGGTGATTGT
CCACCGGCTAGAGGGGGTCTCGTACAATATAGGCTCTCAAGAGTGGTATACCACTGTGCCCAAGTATGTT
GCAACCCAAGGGTACCTTATCTCGAATTTTGATGAGTCATCGTGTACTTTCATGCCAGAGGGGACTGTGT
GCAGCCAAAATGCCTTGTACCCGATGAGTCCTCTGCTCCAAGAATGCCTCCGGGGGTCCACCAAGTCCTG
TGCTCGTACACTCGTATCCGGGTCTTTTGGGAACCGGTTCATTTTATCACAAGGGAACCTAATAGCCAAT
TGTGCATCAATCCTCTGCAAGTGTTACACAACAGGAACGATCATTAATCAAGACCCTGACAAGATCCTAA
CATACATTGCTGCCGATCACTGCCCGGTGGTCGAGGTGAACGGTGTGACCATCCAAGTCGGGAGCAGGAG
GTATCCGGACGCGGTGTACCTGCACAGAATTGACCTCGGTCCTCCCATATCATTGGAGAGGTTGGACGTA
GGGACAAATCTGGGGAATGCAATTGCTAAGTTGGAGGATGCCAAGGAATTGTTGGAGTCATCGGACCAGA
TATTGAGGAGTATGAAAGGTTTATCGAGCACTAGCATAGTTTACATCCTGATTGCAGTGTGTCTTGGAGG
GTTGATAGGGATCCCCGCTTTAATATGTTGCTGCAGGGGGCGCTGTAACAAAAAGGGAGAACAAGTTGGT
ATGTCAAGACCAGGCCTAAAGCCTGATCTTACAGGGACATCAAAATCCTATGTAAGGTCGCTCTGATCCT
CTACAACTCTTGAAACACAGATTTCCCACAAGTCTCCTCTTCGTCATCAAGCAACCACCGCATCCAGCAT
CAAGCCCACCTGAAATTGTCTCCGGCTTCCCTCTGGCCGAACGATATCGGTAGTTAATTAAA

Protein Sequence : Show Sequence

>NP_056922.1 fusion protein [Measles morbillivirus]
MGLKVNVSAIFMAVLLTLQTPTGQIHWGNLSKIGVVGIGSASYKVMTRSSHQSLVIKLMPNITLLNNCTR
VEIAEYRRLLRTVLEPIRDALNAMTQNIRPVQSVASSRRHKRFAGVVLAGAALGVATAAQITAGIALHQS
MLNSQAIDNLRASLETTNQAIEAIRQAGQEMILAVQGVQDYINNELIPSMNQLSCDLIGQKLGLKLLRYY
TEILSLFGPSLRDPISAEISIQALSYALGGDINKVLEKLGYSGGDLLGILESRGIKARITHVDTESYFIV
LSIAYPTLSEIKGVIVHRLEGVSYNIGSQEWYTTVPKYVATQGYLISNFDESSCTFMPEGTVCSQNALYP
MSPLLQECLRGSTKSCARTLVSGSFGNRFILSQGNLIANCASILCKCYTTGTIINQDPDKILTYIAADHC
PVVEVNGVTIQVGSRRYPDAVYLHRIDLGPPISLERLDVGTNLGNAIAKLEDAKELLESSDQILRSMKGL
SSTSIVYILIAVCLGGLIGIPALICCCRGRCNKKGEQVGMSRPGLKPDLTGTSKSYVRSL

Molecule Role : Protective antigen
Molecule Role Annotation : Mice vaccinated with a vaccinia virus recombinant encoding the fusion protein of Measles virus developed measles neutralizing antibodies. The mice also resisted a normally lethal intracerebral inoculation of a cell-associated measles virus subacute sclerosing panencephalitis strain (Drillien et al., 1988).
Related Vaccine(s): ALVAC-MV-HA/F , Measles Virus vaccine VEE/SIN-H+F

2. H hemagglutinin protein

Gene Name : H hemagglutinin protein
Sequence Strain (Species/Organism) : Measles morbillivirus
VO ID : VO_0011166
NCBI Gene ID : 1489801
NCBI Protein GI : 9626951
Locus Tag : MeVgp5
Genbank Accession : AB016162
Protein Accession : NP_056923
3D structure: PDB ID : 2RKC
Taxonomy ID : 11234
Gene Starting Position : 7250
Gene Ending Position : 9207
Gene Strand (Orientation) : +
Protein Name : mRNA
Protein pI : 7.85
Protein Weight : 64311.39
Protein Length : 617

DNA Sequence : Show Sequence

>NC_001498.1:7250-9207 Measles virus, complete genome
TAGGGTGCAAGATCATCCACAATGTCACCACAACGAGACCGAATAAATGCCTTCTACAAAGACAACCCAC
ATCCTAAGGGAAGTAGGATAGTTATTAACAGAGAACATCTTATGATTGATAGACCTTATGTTTTGCTGGC
TGTTCTATTCGTCATGTTTCTGAGCTTGATCGGGTTGCTAGCCATTGCAGGCATTAGACTCCATCGTGCA
GCCATCTACACCGCAGAGATCCATAAGAGCCTCAGCACCAATCTAGATGTAACTAACTCGATCGAGCATC
AGGTCAAGGACGTGCTGACACCACTCTTCAAGATCATTGGTGATGAAGTGGGCCTGAGGACACCTCAGAG
ATTCACTGACCTAGTGAAATTCATCTCTGACAAAATTAAATTCCTTAATCCGGATAGGGAGTACGACTTC
AGAGATCTCACTTGGTGTATCAACCCGCCAGAGAGAATCAAATTGGATTATGATCAATACTGTGCAGATG
TGGCTGCTGAAGAACTCATGAATGCATTGGTGAACTCAACTCTACTGGAGGCCAGGGCAACCAATCAGTT
CCTAGCTGTCTCAAAGGGAAACTGCTCAGGGCCCACTACAATCAGAGGTCAATTCTCAAACATGTCGCTG
TCCCTGTTGGACTTGTATTTAAGTCGAGGTTACAATGTGTCATCTATAGTCACTATGACATCCCAGGGAA
TGTACGGGGGAACTTACCTAGTGGGAAAGCCTAATCTGAGCAGTAAAGGGTCAGAGTTGTCACAACTGAG
CATGCACCGAGTGTTTGAAGTAGGGGTTATCAGAAATCCGGGTTTGGGGGCTCCGGTGTTCCATATGACA
AACTATTTTGAGCAACCAGTCAGTAATGATTTCAGCAACTGCATGGTGGCTTTGGGGGAGCTTAAATTCG
CAGCCCTCTGTCACAGGGAAGATTCTATCACAATTCCCTATCAGGGGTCAGGGAAAGGTGTCAGCTTCCA
GCTCGTCAAGCTAGGTGTCTGGAAATCCCCAACCGACATGCGATCCTGGGTCCCCCTATCAACGGATGAT
CCAGTGATAGATAGGCTTTACCTCTCATCTCACAGAGGTGTTATCGCTGACAATCAAGCAAAATGGGCTG
TCCCGACAACACGGACAGATGACAAGTTGCGAATGGAGACATGCTTCCAGCAGGCGTGTAAGGGTAAAAA
CCAAGCACTCTGCGAGAATCCCGAGTGGGCACCATTGAAGGATAACAGGATTCCTTCATACGGGGTCTTG
TCTGTTAATCTGAGTCTGACAGTTGAGCTTAAAATCAAAATTGCTTCAGGATTCGGGCCATTGATCACAC
ACGGTTCAGGGATGGACCTATACAAAACCAACCACAACAATGTGTATTGGCTGACTATCCCGCCAATGAA
GAACCTAGCCTTAGGTGTAATCAACACATTGGAGTGGATACCGAGATTCAAGGTTAGTCCCAACCTCTTC
ACTGTTCCAATCAAGGAAGCAGGCGAGGACTGCCATGCCCCAACATACCTACCTGCGGAGGTGGATGGTG
ATGTCAAACTCAGTTCCAATCTGGTAATTCTACCTGGTCAGGATCTCCAATATGTTTTGGCAACCTACGA
TACTTCCAGGGTTGAACATGCTGTGGTTTATTATGTTTACAGCCCAAGCCGCTCATTTTCTTACTTTTAT
CCTTTTAGGTTGCCTATAAAGGGGGTCCCAATCGAATTACAAGTGGAATGCTTCACATGGGACAAAAAAC
TCTGGTGCCGTCACTTCTGTGTGCTTGCGGACTCAGAATCTGGTGGACATATCACTCACTCTGGGATGGT
GGGCATGGGAGTCAGCTGCACAGTCACTCGGGAAGATGGAACCAATCGCAGATAGGGCTGCCAGTGAACC
GATCACATGATGTCACCCAGACATCAGGCATACCCACTAGTGTGAAATAGACATCAGAATTAAGAAAA

Protein Sequence : Show Sequence

>NP_056923.1 hemagglutinin protein [Measles morbillivirus]
MSPQRDRINAFYKDNPHPKGSRIVINREHLMIDRPYVLLAVLFVMFLSLIGLLAIAGIRLHRAAIYTAEI
HKSLSTNLDVTNSIEHQVKDVLTPLFKIIGDEVGLRTPQRFTDLVKFISDKIKFLNPDREYDFRDLTWCI
NPPERIKLDYDQYCADVAAEELMNALVNSTLLEARATNQFLAVSKGNCSGPTTIRGQFSNMSLSLLDLYL
SRGYNVSSIVTMTSQGMYGGTYLVGKPNLSSKGSELSQLSMHRVFEVGVIRNPGLGAPVFHMTNYFEQPV
SNDFSNCMVALGELKFAALCHREDSITIPYQGSGKGVSFQLVKLGVWKSPTDMRSWVPLSTDDPVIDRLY
LSSHRGVIADNQAKWAVPTTRTDDKLRMETCFQQACKGKNQALCENPEWAPLKDNRIPSYGVLSVNLSLT
VELKIKIASGFGPLITHGSGMDLYKTNHNNVYWLTIPPMKNLALGVINTLEWIPRFKVSPNLFTVPIKEA
GEDCHAPTYLPAEVDGDVKLSSNLVILPGQDLQYVLATYDTSRVEHAVVYYVYSPSRSFSYFYPFRLPIK
GVPIELQVECFTWDKKLWCRHFCVLADSESGGHITHSGMVGMGVSCTVTREDGTNRR

Molecule Role : Protective antigen
Molecule Role Annotation : Chimeric Venezuelan equine encephalitis/Sindbis virus (VEE/SIN) replicon particles were used to express the hemagglutinin (H) and fusion (F) proteins of measles virus (MV). When challenged with wild-type MV 12 to 17 months after vaccination, all vaccinated juvenile and infant monkeys vaccinated with VEE/SIN-H, VEE/SIN-H+F, and LAV were protected from rash and viremia (Pan et al., 2010).
Related Vaccine(s): ALVAC-MV-HA/F , Measles Virus vaccine VEE/SIN-H , Measles Virus vaccine VEE/SIN-H+F

3. M matrix protein

Gene Name : M matrix protein
Sequence Strain (Species/Organism) : Measles morbillivirus
VO ID : VO_0011170
NCBI Gene ID : 1489803
NCBI Protein GI : 9626949
Locus Tag : MeVgp3
Genbank Accession : AB002686
Protein Accession : NP_056921
Taxonomy ID : 11234
Gene Starting Position : 3405
Gene Ending Position : 4871
Gene Strand (Orientation) : +
Protein Name : mRNA
Protein pI : 9.25
Protein Weight : 35032.9
Protein Length : 335

DNA Sequence : Show Sequence

>NC_001498.1:3405-4871 Measles virus, complete genome
TAGGAGCAAAGTGATTGCCTCCTAAGTTCCACAATGACAGAGATCTACGATTTCGACAAGTCGGCATGGG
ACATCAAAGGGTCGATCGCTCCGATACAACCTACCACCTACAGTGATGGCAGGCTGGTGCCCCAGGTCAG
AGTCATAGATCCTGGTCTAGGTGATAGGAAGGATGAATGCTTTATGTACATGTTTCTGCTGGGGGTTGTT
GAGGACAGCGATCCCCTAGGGCCTCCAATCGGGCGAGCATTCGGGTCCCTGCCCTTAGGTGTTGGTAGAT
CCACAGCAAAACCCGAGGAACTCCTCAAAGAGGCCACTGAGCTTGACATAGTTGTTAGACGTACAGCAGG
GCTCAATGAAAAACTGGTGTTCTACAACAACACCCCACTAACCCTCCTCACACCTTGGAGAAAGGTCCTA
ACAACAGGGAGTGTCTTCAATGCAAACCAAGTGTGCAATGCGGTTAATCTAATACCGCTGGACACCCCGC
AGAGGTTCCGTGTTGTTTATATGAGCATCACCCGTCTTTCGGATAACGGGTATTACACCGTTCCCAGAAG
AATGCTGGAATTCAGATCGGTCAATGCAGTGGCCTTCAACCTGCTAGTGACCCTTAGGATTGACAAGGCG
ATTGGCCCTGGGAAGATCATCGACAATGCAGAGCAACTTCCTGAGGCAACATTTATGGTCCACATCGGGA
ACTTCAGGAGAAAGAAGAGTGAAGTCTACTCTGCCGATTATTGCAAAATGAAAATCGAAAAGATGGGCCT
GGTTTTTGCACTTGGTGGGATAGGGGGCACCAGTCTTCACATTAGAAGCACAGGCAAAATGAGCAAGACT
CTCCATGCACAACTCGGGTTCAAGAAGACCTTATGTTACCCACTGATGGATATCAATGAAGACCTTAATC
GGTTACTCTGGAGGAGCAGATGCAAGATAGTAAGAATCCAGGCAGTTTTGCAGCCATCAGTTCCTCAAGA
ATTCCGCATTTACGACGACGTGATCATAAATGATGACCAAGGACTATTCAAAGTTCTGTAGACCGCAGTG
CCCAGCAATACCCGAAAACGACCCCCCTCATAATGACAGCCAGAAGGCCCGGACAAAAAAGCCCCCTCCA
GAAGACTCCACGGACCAAGCGAGAGGCCAGCCAGCAGCCGACAGCAAGTGTGGACACCAGGCGGCCCAAG
CACAGAACAGCCCCGACACAAGGCCACCACCAGCCATCCCAATCTGCGTCCTCCTCGTGGGACCCCCGAG
GACCAACCCCGAAGGTCGCTCCGAACACAGACCACCAACCGCATCCCCACAGCTCCCGGGAAAGGAACCC
CCAGCAACTGGAAGGCCCCTCCCCCCCTCCCCCAACGCAAGAACCCCACAACCGAACCGCACAAGCGACC
GAGGTGACCCAACCGCAGGCATCCGACTCCTTAGACAGATCCTCTCCCCCCGGCATACTAAACAAAA

Protein Sequence : Show Sequence

>NP_056921.1 matrix protein [Measles morbillivirus]
MTEIYDFDKSAWDIKGSIAPIQPTTYSDGRLVPQVRVIDPGLGDRKDECFMYMFLLGVVEDSDPLGPPIG
RAFGSLPLGVGRSTAKPEELLKEATELDIVVRRTAGLNEKLVFYNNTPLTLLTPWRKVLTTGSVFNANQV
CNAVNLIPLDTPQRFRVVYMSITRLSDNGYYTVPRRMLEFRSVNAVAFNLLVTLRIDKAIGPGKIIDNAE
QLPEATFMVHIGNFRRKKSEVYSADYCKMKIEKMGLVFALGGIGGTSLHIRSTGKMSKTLHAQLGFKKTL
CYPLMDINEDLNRLLWRSRCKIVRIQAVLQPSVPQEFRIYDDVIINDDQGLFKVL

Molecule Role : Protective antigen
Molecule Role Annotation : Lewis rats were immunized with recombinant vaccinia virus (VV) expressing various proteins of measles virus (MV). VVM (Matrix Protein) -immunized rats were partially protected from MV challenge (Brinckmann et al., 1991).
Related Vaccine(s): Measles Virus Vaccine VVM

4. N nucleocapsid protein

Gene Name : N nucleocapsid protein
Sequence Strain (Species/Organism) : Measles morbillivirus
VO ID : VO_0011168
NCBI Gene ID : 1489804
NCBI Protein GI : 9626946
Locus Tag : MeVgp1
Genbank Accession : AB016162
Protein Accession : NP_056918
Taxonomy ID : 11234
Gene Starting Position : 55
Gene Ending Position : 1743
Gene Strand (Orientation) : +
Protein Name : mRNA
Protein pI : 4.86
Protein Weight : 55436.53
Protein Length : 525

DNA Sequence : Show Sequence

>NC_001498.1:55-1743 Measles virus, complete genome
TAGGATTCAAGATCCTATTATCAGGGACAAGAGCAGGATTAGGGATATCCGAGATGGCCACACTTTTGAG
GAGCTTAGCATTGTTCAAAAGAAACAAGGACAAACCACCCATTACATCAGGATCCGGTGGAGCCATCAGA
GGAATCAAACACATTATTATAGTACCAATTCCTGGAGATTCCTCAATTACCACTCGATCCAGACTACTGG
ACCGGTTGGTCAGGTTAATTGGAAACCCGGATGTGAGCGGGCCCAAACTAACAGGGGCACTAATAGGTAT
ATTATCCTTATTTGTGGAGTCTCCAGGTCAATTGATTCAGAGGATCACCGATGACCCTGACGTTAGCATC
AGGCTGTTAGAGGTTGTTCAGAGTGACCAGTCACAATCTGGCCTTACCTTCGCATCAAGAGGTACCAACA
TGGAGGATGAGGCGGACCAATACTTTTCACATGATGATCCAAGCAGTAGTGATCAATCCAGGTCCGGATG
GTTCGAGAACAAGGAAATCTCAGATATTGAAGTGCAAGACCCTGAGGGATTCAACATGATTCTGGGTACC
ATTCTAGCCCAGATCTGGGTCTTGCTCGCAAAGGCGGTTACGGCCCCAGACACGGCAGCTGATTCGGAGC
TAAGAAGGTGGATAAAGTACACCCAACAAAGAAGGGTAGTTGGTGAATTTAGATTGGAGAGAAAATGGTT
GGATGTGGTGAGGAACAGGATTGCCGAGGACCTCTCTTTACGCCGATTCATGGTGGCTCTAATCCTGGAT
ATCAAGAGGACACCCGGGAACAAACCTAGGATTGCTGAAATGATATGTGACATTGATACATATATCGTAG
AGGCAGGATTAGCCAGTTTTATCCTGACTATTAAGTTTGGGATAGAAACTATGTATCCTGCTCTTGGACT
GCATGAATTTGCTGGTGAGTTATCCACACTTGAGTCCTTGATGAATCTTTACCAGCAAATGGGAGAAACT
GCACCCTACATGGTAATCCTAGAGAACTCAATTCAGAACAAGTTCAGTGCAGGATCATACCCTCTGCTCT
GGAGCTATGCCATGGGAGTAGGAGTGGAACTTGAAAACTCCATGGGAGGTTTGAACTTTGGTCGATCTTA
CTTTGATCCAGCATATTTTAGATTAGGGCAAGAGATGGTGAGGAGGTCAGCTGGAAAGGTCAGTTCCACA
TTGGCATCCGAACTCGGTATCACTGCCGAGGATGCAAGGCTTGTTTCAGAGATTGCAATGCATACTACTG
AGGACAGGATCAGTAGAGCGGTCGGACCCAGACAAGCCCAAGTGTCATTTCTACACGGTGATCAAAGTGA
GAATGAGCTACCAGGATTGGGGGGCAAGGAAGATAGGAGGGTCAAACAGGGTCGGGGAGAAGCCAGGGAG
AGCTACAGAGAAACCGGGTCCAGCAGAGCAAGTGATGCGAGAGCTGCCCATCCTCCAACCAGCATGCCCC
TAGACATTGACACTGCATCGGAGTCAGGCCAAGATCCGCAGGACAGTCGAAGGTCAGCTGACGCCCTGCT
CAGGCTGCAAGCCATGGCAGGAATCTTGGAAGAACAAGGCTCAGACACGGACACCCCTAGGGTATACAAT
GACAGAGATCTTCTAGACTAGGTGCGAGAGGCCGAGGACCAGAACAACATCCGCCTACCCTCCATCATTG
TTATAAAAA

Protein Sequence : Show Sequence

>NP_056918.1 nucleocapsid protein [Measles morbillivirus]
MATLLRSLALFKRNKDKPPITSGSGGAIRGIKHIIIVPIPGDSSITTRSRLLDRLVRLIGNPDVSGPKLT
GALIGILSLFVESPGQLIQRITDDPDVSIRLLEVVQSDQSQSGLTFASRGTNMEDEADQYFSHDDPSSSD
QSRSGWFENKEISDIEVQDPEGFNMILGTILAQIWVLLAKAVTAPDTAADSELRRWIKYTQQRRVVGEFR
LERKWLDVVRNRIAEDLSLRRFMVALILDIKRTPGNKPRIAEMICDIDTYIVEAGLASFILTIKFGIETM
YPALGLHEFAGELSTLESLMNLYQQMGETAPYMVILENSIQNKFSAGSYPLLWSYAMGVGVELENSMGGL
NFGRSYFDPAYFRLGQEMVRRSAGKVSSTLASELGITAEDARLVSEIAMHTTEDRISRAVGPRQAQVSFL
HGDQSENELPGLGGKEDRRVKQGRGEARESYRETGSSRASDARAAHPPTSMPLDIDTASESGQDPQDSRR
SADALLRLQAMAGILEEQGSDTDTPRVYNDRDLLD

Molecule Role : Protective antigen
Molecule Role Annotation : Lewis rats were immunized with recombinant vaccinia virus (VV) expressing various proteins of measles virus (MV). VVN (Nucleocapsid Protein) -immunized rats survived a MV challenge infection (Brinckmann et al., 1991).
Related Vaccine(s): Measles Virus Vaccine VVN

5. P phosphoprotein

Gene Name : P phosphoprotein
Sequence Strain (Species/Organism) : Measles morbillivirus
VO ID : VO_0011169
NCBI Gene ID : 1489805
NCBI Protein GI : 9626947
Locus Tag : MeVgp2
Genbank Accession : AB016162
Protein Accession : NP_056919
Taxonomy ID : 11234
Gene Starting Position : 1747
Gene Ending Position : 3401
Gene Strand (Orientation) : +
Protein Name : mRNA
Protein pI : 4.73
Protein Weight : 52011.09
Protein Length : 507
Protein Note : RNA editing; co-transcriptional insertion of a non-template G at nt 2499 of the 'P' protein transcript creates V mRNA

DNA Sequence : Show Sequence

>NC_001498.1:1747-3401 Measles virus, complete genome
TAGGAACCAGGTCCACACAGCCGCCAGCCAACCAACCATCCACTCCCACGACTGGAGCCGATGGCAGAAG
AGCAGGCACGCCATGTCAAAAACGGACTGGAATGCATCCGGGCTCTCAAGGCCGAGCCCATCGGCTCACT
GGCCGTCGAGGAAGCCATGGCAGCATGGTCAGAAATATCAGACAACCCAGGACAGGACCGAGCCACCTGC
AAGGAAGAGGAGGCAGGCAGTTCGGGTCTCAGCAAACCATGCCTCTCAGCAATTGGATCAACTGAAGGCG
GTGCACCTCGCATCCGCGGTCAGGGATCTGGAGAAAGCGATGACGACGCTGAAACTTTGGGAATCCCCTC
AAGAAATCTCCAGGCATCAAGCACTGGGTTACAGTGTTATCATGTTTATGATCACAGCGGTGAAGCGGTT
AAGGGAATCCAAGATGCTGACTCTATCATGGTTCAATCAGGCCTTGATGGTGATAGCACCCTCTCAGGAG
GAGACGATGAATCTGAAAACAGCGATGTGGATATTGGCGAACCTGATACCGAGGGATATGCTATCACTGA
CCGGGGATCTGCTCCCATCTCTATGGGGTTCAGGGCTTCTGATGTTGAAACTGCAGAAGGAGGGGAGATC
CACGAGCTCCTGAAACTCCAATCCAGAGGCAACAACTTTCCGAAGCTTGGGAAAACTCTCAATGTTCCTC
CGCCCCCGAACCCCAGTAGGGCCAGCACTTCCGAGACACCCATTAAAAAGGGCACAGACGCGAGATTGGC
CTCATTTGGAACGGAGATCGCGTCTTTATTGACAGGTGGTGCAACCCAATGTGCTCGAAAGTCACCCTCG
GAACCATCAGGGCCAGGTGCACCTGCGGGGAATGTCCCCGAGTGTGTGAGCAATGCCGCACTGATACAGG
AGTGGACACCCGAATCTGGTACCACAATCTCCCCGAGATCCCAGAATAATGAAGAAGGGGGAGACTATTA
TGATGATGAGCTGTTCTCCGATGTCCAAGACATCAAAACAGCCTTGGCCAAAATACACGAGGATAATCAG
AAGATAATCTCCAAGCTAGAATCATTGCTGTTATTGAAGGGAGAAGTTGAGTCAATTAAGAAGCAGATCA
ACAGGCAAAATATCAGCATATCCACCCTGGAAGGACACCTCTCAAGCATCATGATTGCCATTCCTGGACT
TGGGAAGGATCCCAACGACCCCACTGCAGATGTCGAACTCAATCCCGACCTGAAACCCATCATAGGCAGA
GATTCAGGCCGAGCACTGGCCGAAGTTCTCAAGAAGCCCGTTGCCAGCCGACAACTCCAGGGAATGACTA
ATGGACGGACCAGTTCCAGAGGACAGCTGCTGAAGGAATTTCAACTAAAGCCGATCGGGAAAAAGGTGAG
CTCAGCCGTCGGGTTTGTTCCTGACACCGGCCCTGCATCACGCAGTGTAATCCGCTCCATTATAAAATCC
AGCCGGCTAGAGGAGGATCGGAAGCGTTACCTGATGACTCTCCTTGATGATATCAAAGGAGCCAACGATC
TTGCCAAGTTCCACCAGATGCTGATGAAGATAATAATGAAGTAGCTACAGCTCAACTTACCTGCCAACCC
CATGCCAGTCGACCTAATTAGTACAACCTAAATCCATTATAAAAA

Protein Sequence : Show Sequence

>NP_056919.1 phosphoprotein [Measles morbillivirus]
MAEEQARHVKNGLECIRALKAEPIGSLAVEEAMAAWSEISDNPGQDRATCKEEEAGSSGLSKPCLSAIGS
TEGGAPRIRGQGSGESDDDAETLGIPSRNLQASSTGLQCYHVYDHSGEAVKGIQDADSIMVQSGLDGDST
LSGGDDESENSDVDIGEPDTEGYAITDRGSAPISMGFRASDVETAEGGEIHELLKLQSRGNNFPKLGKTL
NVPPPPNPSRASTSETPIKKGTDARLASFGTEIASLLTGGATQCARKSPSEPSGPGAPAGNVPECVSNAA
LIQEWTPESGTTISPRSQNNEEGGDYYDDELFSDVQDIKTALAKIHEDNQKIISKLESLLLLKGEVESIK
KQINRQNISISTLEGHLSSIMIAIPGLGKDPNDPTADVELNPDLKPIIGRDSGRALAEVLKKPVASRQLQ
GMTNGRTSSRGQLLKEFQLKPIGKKVSSAVGFVPDTGPASRSVIRSIIKSSRLEEDRKRYLMTLLDDIKG
ANDLAKFHQMLMKIIMK

Molecule Role : Protective antigen
Molecule Role Annotation : Lewis rats were immunized with recombinant vaccinia virus (VV) expressing various proteins of measles virus (MV). VVP (Phosphoprotein) -immunized rats were partially protected from MV challenge (Brinckmann et al., 1991).
Related Vaccine(s): Measles Virus Vaccine VVP

III. Vaccine Related Host Genes

1. IFNG

Gene Name : IFNG
Sequence Strain (Species/Organism) : Macaca mulatta
NCBI Gene ID : 574282
NCBI Protein GI : 74136365
Locus Tag : EGK_03901
Genbank Accession : CM001263
Protein Accession : NP_001028077
Taxonomy ID : 9544
Chromosome No : 11
Gene Starting Position : 65143979
Gene Ending Position : 65148219
Gene Strand (Orientation) : -
Protein Name : interferon-gamma
Protein pI : 9.92
Protein Weight : 18339.63
Protein Length : 165
Protein Note : Also known as IFN-gamma

DNA Sequence : Show Sequence

>gi|109156580:65143979-65148219 Macaca mulatta chromosome 11, Mmul_051212, whole genome shotgun sequence
ATTATTGGGATGCTCTTCGACCTCGAAACATCTGACTCCTTTTTCGCTTCCCTATTTTAGCTGCTGGCGA
CAGTTCAGCCATCACTTGGATGAGTTCATGTACTGCTTTGCGTTGGACATTTGAGTCAGTTACCTATTGG
GAAAGAAAAGAGCAAAATTAATTTCAGGCATATAAGCCATCAGGATATTCAGTTAATGGCATGATGGTCA
GTGAAAATAAAACTATTCCTTTAAAAAAATGGACCATATTACCTTAATATACAATATTTACTTCTTCAGC
AGTTGAGGCTAAAAATTACAATTACATTACTAGTTGTGCAATGATGTGGTGGAGTCCGTCACATATCTTT
AAATCTACTCCCATAGAATTCTTGAAATCATATAGTGAAAAGACCCCTGGTGTGGAGTCAATGTAAAAAG
GTGGATCTGAATCTCATGCGTGCAATAATTCTGACCTTGAGCCAGCTACTTAACCTTTTGGAACCTCTAT
TTTCTCATCTAAAGGAAGAGAAGACTGTTTCTATGACCTCTCTATCATCAATCTACCAATTATATCACTT
TATACTTTAGTCTCTCCTGTATGTATCAAACGAGTAACTATAGGTCAATGATTCTCACTGTTGTGCATAG
CAGATTAACCTGGAAACCTAATAAAGACCTCAGAGATCCAGGGGCACGAATTGGAAGGACTGTGCCCTGT
GCATTCACTAAGCTCCCCAGGTGATTCTGACATCCACCTAAGTTTGAGAACCACTGATCTAGGTTAGGTA
CCCTAGAAAACATCAAATCCAAAACAAGTGAAAACTGTAATTTTTAATTTCTCCCAGATTAGATCAGTCT
CTCAATTTCCATAATAGGTTTTAAAATAACCACCAATCATATTTATATATGGCTTACTGATATATAAAGT
TTAAAATTAGGAATTGCAACAACTTTTTCAGTACCCTACCTTCTAGGCCAGCAAATTGAACTACTTGCAT
TTCCTCACTCTAACTAATAGGGCCATTTAGGTGATTTCATTCTTCCTAAAATGTGGACCATTTACTTTCC
TCTTGACTCTGCCATTATATTTTTTCTAATCTTGGGAACACTATGGCTACCTCGCCACATTTCTGAGGAT
GGCTGGGGGATTACAGGCTACAGAGCTAATTATGAAAGGGCATAACATACCTCAGCTTAGCAACTGAGCC
AAAGAGAACAATAATTAATAGAGCTCACTCAAGATTGCCCATCAAGAAACAGGAGGTTTGTAGCTTCCAG
AAGGAAGAAACCCACAGATTTTTTTTTCACTTTTTTAAGGCCCAGTTCCTGCGGAGTAGAAAAAGTTTTC
TACAAGCTGTGTGTTTGCAAGTGACAGATTTTACTTTCCAGTGTTCAAATCATCACCAAGAAACTAAGAG
ACTTATCCAGGACGGAACAGTAAGCCAGGGGCACCACTGGGTTGGTGGCAAGTGCTGAGTGTCTAGTTTC
TAACCAAAGGAGACCTGTTGCCATGTCCCTCCTTTCAGTTTCTGGGGGTTCACATGAGAGGAGTGAGAGG
CAGGCCCGGCAATAGTGAAAGCTGAGCACAAATCCTAAGAGCACAAATGCCAGCTTGAGCTCTCATTTGA
GCCCATTTATATCAAAGCCAATCCCAAAGGAATCTAGAGGTCTTTGTCTTCTAGATAAAATTTTGAAAAA
CGTGTTTTGTCTTTATGCCTCAATGTTATCTTTCTGTTTATAGAAGGCATAATTTAAAGATAATTTAAAG
ATACAAGTTCATGAGGTATGACTTAGGAGTCTAAGGAGTTCTCCAGCTGAGATATTCTGAAAGTTGATAG
AGACTTGATAGAACAATGTTTTCATAAGCTATAAATTCTACCTATTTTTCCCTAAAAACAAACAGCAACC
ATTCTTGCTTCTAATTAGGCAGTACAATCTGATAGGTTGGCTAGAGAATTGCAGTGGGGTGCACTGGTAC
CTACTCAAAGGCTGTAGCTTTCTTCTATCTCATTCTCATTTTCTATTCTTGGCATTGTAGAGTTTTGGAG
CAAAGAATGTCATCAAACTTATGCAGTGAACCTAACAGTTTCCTTTTAAGATGAGGGCACTGAGCCCCAG
CCAGCCATGTGATTCATCACAGTTCCCTGGTGGCTGAGATGGGAGGAGAACACACATCTTCTCAGCTCCT
CCCACTGCTCTTTCCATTAAGACAGACAGCCTCTCATTCAAAGTAAGAGAATTTCCATCATATGAGCAAA
GGACAATGAGAGAATTGCTTCTCAGTACTCCCCACTACTTCCTCACCTACTTCCTCTTCATTGGATTTGT
CAATTCACCTGTCTTTACACAATAGTTACAATGCCAGCACTTTTCCTACATTACATACTTCAGTGATTCC
CATACTGGCTTTGCAAAGTCATCCAAACACAAATAGAATTAGTAAGAGTTTCAGCTACGGGTTGAGTTCA
TAGCTTTAGCAACTGTTAAATAGCTAATGTCTACTTTCTGGAGAACAAATGCTTTGCAAGACCTTCCGCA
ATGAAACCAAAGAAAGAATTTAAAGAGCCTTACCGAATAATTGGTCAGCTTTTCAAAGTCATCCCGTTTC
TTTTTGTTGCTATTGAAAAACTTGACATTAATGTCTTCCTTGATGGTCTCCACACTCTTTTGGATCCTCT
GGTCATCTTTGAAGTTTTTAAAAAGTTTGAAGTAAAAGGAGACAATTTGGCTCTGCATTATTTTTCTGTC
ACTCTCCTTGGAAGGAAAGAACACAAACAGAGGATGATGTGTATTTATCCATCAGAAAGCAAGCAACAGG
AAAATTAGCCAAATGGGAATATTCAGCTTACCTCTTTCCAATTCCTCAAGATGTCTAAGAAAAGAGTTCC
ATTATCTGCTACATCTGGATCACCTGCATTCTGGGGGAAAAAAAAGGGTTTACAATTAGCCCATAAATTG
TCTTAAAAATATATTTCAAGTTTCATTAAACTCAGATGTGACAATATTCACTGATTTCCTTTTCAATTCT
TCTGCTTAGTTCTAACAATAAGTGTTCACAAAATGTTTATGTGAGATATAGCCAAAGACTACTATGCTCT
TTTAGCTTTTTTATTTTCCAACATAACCATTAAATTGCAATGTCACAAAGGAGTTAAACAAAGCTGATGA
TACTCCAAGGGTCTCAAAAACTATAGTAGGCTAAAGAAAGTATTTTCAAGCTAGGCTAAAAAATACAGAA
CAAAAAACAGCAAAGCCACCCCACTATAAAATACTGCCCCCCAATGGCACAGGTTTCTATTACATCTACT
ATGCCTTCCTGTAGGGTATTATGTCAACTTTAAAAGATAGTTCCAAACGTGTGCGTGCGTGTGTGTGTGT
GTGTGTGTGTGTGGTCTGATTTTGTGTTGTAGGAATAAAATTAATTGTGAATGTCTGAATATTAGTATGA
CAGCTATAATTATAACTAAGTTTTAAATAAATAATGAAATATTTAAAATGTAAAAACTTTTCATTAACCA
TCAATAAAATTTTAAAAGAAACTCAAAAAACTCACTTAAAATTTTTAAACATTCCATAGCCAGAATCATA
ATTCCTACAAAATCCCAGTGAGCAACTAAGTTCAGGAGTAATTCACAAGGAATATAGATAGAGCAGCAGA
ATGTTGAAATAACTTTTTGGAGAAAATCACCTATCAGTGATTTTTTTTAAGCCAAAACTTTAAGGACCTT
TTTTACTTTAATTTGTAAACGTTTCCTATTAACTTTTGAATGCTAATCTTGACCTTAGAGTCTGAGAAGT
CAAAAACTAATAGCCAATCATTTTTTTCAATATGCATACTCCTTGACTTATCACATCTGAATGAGTTCTC
ACCACAAAATTATTAACATCATTATGCTTCATATCCATATTATGCCCATCTTTGGGAAGATTCATAAATC
CCTTTTAAGTCTCTATACAAACTGAGCAGAAGGTTAAAACAATATCTAGATTATGTAGTCAAGAAACTCA
TCCAGTCAATAATTAACAAAATAAAACCAGATCTCAAAATGACTGCGTACGAGAGGACAGTCTATCAGAG
ATGCTACAGCAAGTCAATATTCAGACATTTTCAACCACAAAAAAGTACTATTAAAAAGCCATACTTACAA
AATATTTCTTAAGGTTTTCTGCTTCTTTTACATATGGGTCCTGGCAGTAACAGCCAAGAGAACCCAAAAC
AATGCAGAGCTGAAAAGCCAAGATATAACTTGTGTATTTCA

Protein Sequence : Show Sequence

>gi|74136365|ref|NP_001028077.1| interferon gamma precursor [Macaca mulatta]
MKYTSYILAFQLCIVLGSLGCYCQDPYVKEAENLKKYFNAGDPDVADNGTLFLDILRNWKEESDRKIMQS
QIVSFYFKLFKNFKDDQRIQKSVETIKEDINVKFFNSNKKKRDDFEKLTNYSVTDSNVQRKAVHELIQVM
AELSPAAKIGKRKRSQMFRGRRASQ

Molecule Role : Vaximmutor
Related Vaccine(s): Measles Virus vaccine VEE/SIN-H+F

IV. Vaccine Information

1. ALVAC-MV-HA/F

a. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0004741

b. Type:

Recombinant vector vaccine

c. Status:

Research

d. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Baboon

e. Gene Engineering of F fusion protein

Type: Recombinant vector construction
Description: Canarypox virus (CPV) recombinants expressing the hemagglutinin (HA) and fusion (F) glycoproteins of measles virus (MV) (Taylor et al., 1992).
Detailed Gene Information: Click here.

f. Gene Engineering of H hemagglutinin protein

Type: Recombinant vector construction
Description: Canarypox virus (CPV) recombinants expressing the hemagglutinin (HA) and fusion (F) glycoproteins of measles virus (MV) (Taylor et al., 1992).
Detailed Gene Information: Click here.

g. Preparation

Canarypox virus (CPV) recombinants expressing the hemagglutinin (HA) and fusion (F) glycoproteins of measles virus (MV) (Taylor et al., 1992).

h. Immunization Route

Intramuscular injection (i.m.)

i. Dog Response

Vaccination Protocol: Vaccinate the dogs with recombinant vaccine (Taylor et al., 1992).
Vaccine Immune Response Type: VO_0003057
Challenge Protocol: Lethal does of canine distember virus (CDV) (Taylor et al., 1992).
Efficacy: The recombinants elicited a protective immune response. The level of MV neutralizing antibodies and the level of protection induced against CDV challenge achieved by the host-restricted CPV vector were equivalent to that obtained by vaccinia virus vectors expressing the same MV antigens (Taylor et al., 1992).

2. Canine Distemper-Adenovirus Type 2-Measles-Parainfluenza Modified Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1341.20)

a. Manufacturer:

Pfizer, Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002095

c. Type:

Live, attenuated vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Gray wolf

3. Canine Distemper-Measles Modified Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1351.20)

a. Manufacturer:

Pfizer, Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002096

c. Type:

Live, attenuated vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Gray wolf

4. Eolarix

a. Tradename:

Eolarix

b. Manufacturer:

GlaxoSmithKline

c. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0010712

d. Type:

Live, attenuated vaccine

e. Status:

Licensed

f. Location Licensed:

Canada

g. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Human

h. Allergen:

Neomycin

i. Immunization Route

Subcutaneous injection

j. Storage

2 to 8°C (36 to 46°F) or colder. Do not freeze.

k . Approved Age for Licensed Use

1 year and older

l. Description

Products: Live virus. Other components: Human albumin, Lactose, Dextran.

5. M-M-R II

a. Tradename:

M-M-R II

b. Manufacturer:

Merck Frosst

c. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0000069

d. CDC CVX code:

e. Type:

Live vaccine

f. Status:

Licensed

g. Location Licensed:

Canada

h. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Human

i. Allergen:

Gelatin, Neomycin, Residual components of chick embryo cell cultures

j. Immunization Route

Subcutaneous injection

k. Description

Products: Live virus. Other components: Bovine serum, Glutamate, Yeast-derived, recombinant Human albumin, Residual protein, from cell culture, Sorbitol, Sucrose.

6. M-M-RVaxPro

a. Product Name:

Measles and Mumps Virus Vaccine, Live

b. Tradename:

M-M-RVaxPro

c. Manufacturer:

Merck and Co., Inc.

d. Type:

Live, attenuated vaccine

e. Status:

Licensed

f. Location Licensed:

USA

g. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Human

h. Allergen:

Gelatin, Eggs, Neomycin

i. Preparation

A lyophilised preparation of the live Oka strain varicella virus, with a potency of not less than 1350 plaque-forming units. Both vaccines were stored at 2°C to 8°C and reconstituted with sterile water for injections immediately before use. (Gillet et al., 2009)

j. Immunization Route

Intramuscular injection (i.m.)

k. Storage

Both vaccines were stored at 2°C to 8°C and reconstituted with sterile water for injections immediately before use. (Gillet et al., 2009)

l . Approved Age for Licensed Use

1 year and older

m. Description

M-M-RvaxPro is a lyophilised live virus vaccine manufactured with recombinant human albumin for vaccination against measles, mumps and rubella. (Gillet et al., 2009)

7. Measles Virus vaccine VEE/SIN-H

a. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0004187

b. Type:

Recombinant vector vaccine

c. Status:

Licensed

d. Gene Engineering of H hemagglutinin protein

Type: Recombinant vector construction
Description:
Detailed Gene Information: Click here.

e. Vector:

Chimeric Venezuelan equine encephalitis/Sindbis virus (VEE/SIN) replicon particles (Pan et al., 2010).

f. Immunization Route

Intradermal injection (i.d.)

g. Monkey Response

Host Strain: Rhesus macaques
Vaccination Protocol: Juvenile rhesus macaques were vaccinated with a single intradermal (i.d.) injection of 10^8 VEE/SIN-H particles or 108 VEE/SIN-H particles plus 3 x 10^6 VEE/SIN-F particles (VEE/SIN-H+F). Two juvenile monkeys were vaccinated with one dose of 5,000 PFU of the Moraten strain of LAV intramuscularly (i.m.). Two juvenile monkeys were vaccinated with three doses of 0.5 ml of FIMV i.m. at 0, 4, and 8 weeks. Three infant rhesus macaques were immunized i.d. with 10^8 VEE/SIN-H particles plus 3 x 10^6 VEE/SIN-F particles and boosted 2 months later (Pan et al., 2010)
Challenge Protocol: For MV challenge, 10^4 tissue culture 50% infectious doses (TCID50) of the Bilthoven strain of MV were instilled intratracheally into anesthetized animals 12 to 17 months after vaccination. Monkeys were shaved and monitored frequently for development of a rash (Pan et al., 2010).
Efficacy: Neutralizing antibody remained above the protective level for more than 1 year after vaccination with VEE/SIN-H, VEE/SIN-H+F, or LAV. When challenged with wild-type MV 12 to 17 months after vaccination, all vaccinated juvenile and infant monkeys vaccinated with VEE/SIN-H, VEE/SIN-H+F, and LAV were protected from rash and viremia, while FIMV-vaccinated monkeys were not (Pan et al., 2010).

8. Measles Virus vaccine VEE/SIN-H+F

a. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0011422

b. Type:

Recombinant vector vaccine

c. Status:

Research

d. Gene Engineering of F fusion protein

Type: Recombinant protein preparation
Description:
Detailed Gene Information: Click here.

e. Gene Engineering of H hemagglutinin protein

Type: Recombinant protein preparation
Description:
Detailed Gene Information: Click here.

f. Vector:

chimeric Venezuelan equine encephalitis/Sindbis virus (VEE/SIN) replicon particles (Pan et al., 2010).

g. Immunization Route

Intradermal injection (i.d.)

h. Monkey Response

Host Strain: Rhesus macaques
Vaccination Protocol: Juvenile rhesus macaques were vaccinated with a single intradermal (i.d.) injection of 10^8 VEE/SIN-H particles or 10^8 VEE/SIN-H particles plus 3 x 10^6 VEE/SIN-F particles (VEE/SIN-H+F). Two juvenile monkeys were vaccinated with one dose of 5,000 PFU of the Moraten strain of LAV intramuscularly (i.m.). Two juvenile monkeys were vaccinated with three doses of 0.5 ml of FIMV i.m. at 0, 4, and 8 weeks. Three infant rhesus macaques were immunized i.d. with 10^8 VEE/SIN-H particles plus 3 x 10^6 VEE/SIN-F particles and boosted 2 months later (Pan et al., 2010).
Challenge Protocol: For MV challenge, 10^4 tissue culture 50% infectious doses (TCID50) of the Bilthoven strain of MV were instilled intratracheally into anesthetized animals 12 to 17 months after vaccination. Monkeys were shaved and monitored frequently for development of a rash (Pan et al., 2010).
Efficacy: Neutralizing antibody remained above the protective level for more than 1 year after vaccination with VEE/SIN-H, VEE/SIN-H+F, or LAV. When challenged with wild-type MV 12 to 17 months after vaccination, all vaccinated juvenile and infant monkeys vaccinated with VEE/SIN-H, VEE/SIN-H+F, and LAV were protected from rash and viremia, while FIMV-vaccinated monkeys were not (Pan et al., 2010).
Host Gene Response of IFNG
- Gene Response: VEE/SIN-H+F vaccinated rhesus macaques showed a significant increase in IFN-gamma producing cells in blood 1 to 2 weeks after vaccination as compared to the current live attenuated virus vaccine (LAV). The significant increase came after stimulation with the measles H-peptide (Pan et al., 2010).
- Detailed Gene Information: Click here.

9. Measles Virus Vaccine VVM

a. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0011537

b. Type:

Recombinant vector vaccine

c. Status:

Research

d. Gene Engineering of M matrix protein

Type: Recombinant vector construction
Description:
Detailed Gene Information: Click here.

e. Vector:

Vaccinia Virus (Brinckmann et al., 1991).

f. Immunization Route

Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.)

g. Rat Response

Host Strain: Lewis
Vaccination Protocol: To determine the protective effect of individual measles virus (MV) proteins, 2- to 3-week-old suckling rats were immunized either once, twice or three times at 5 to 7 day intervals by i.p. injections of 10^7 p.f.u, of recombinant vaccinia virus (VV) expressing individual structural proteins or VV-wt (Brinckmann et al., 1991).
Challenge Protocol: Three to 5 days after the last recombinant VV injection, the animals were challenged by intracerebral (i.c.) infection with the neurotropic rat brain-adapted MV strain CAM/RBH (0.5 × 10^4 to 8 x 10 ~ TCID50) (Brinckmann et al., 1991).
Efficacy: Lewis rats were immunized with recombinant vaccinia virus (VV) expressing various proteins of measles virus (MV). VVM (Matrix Protein) -immunized rats were partially protected from MV challenge (Brinckmann et al., 1991).

10. Measles Virus Vaccine VVN

a. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0011535

b. Type:

Recombinant vector vaccine

c. Status:

Research

d. Gene Engineering of N nucleocapsid protein

Type: Recombinant vector construction
Description:
Detailed Gene Information: Click here.

e. Vector:

Vaccinia virus (Brinckmann et al., 1991).

f. Immunization Route

Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.)

g. Rat Response

Host Strain: Lewis
Vaccination Protocol: To determine the protective effect of individual measles virus (MV) proteins, 2- to 3-week-old suckling rats were immunized either once, twice or three
times at 5 to 7 day intervals by i.p. injections of 10^7 p.f.u, of recombinant vaccinia virus (VV) expressing individual structural proteins or VV-wt (Brinckmann et al., 1991).
Challenge Protocol: Three to 5 days after the last recombinant VV injection, the animals were challenged by intracerebral (i.c.) infection with the neurotropic rat brain-adapted MV strain CAM/RBH (0.5 × 10^4 to 8 x 10 ~ TCID50) (Brinckmann et al., 1991).
Efficacy: Rats immunized with recombinant VVN survived a MV challenge infection (Brinckmann et al., 1991).

11. Measles Virus Vaccine VVP

a. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0011536

b. Type:

Recombinant vector vaccine

c. Status:

Research

d. Gene Engineering of P phosphoprotein

Type: Recombinant vector construction
Description:
Detailed Gene Information: Click here.

e. Vector:

Vaccinia virus (Brinckmann et al., 1991).

f. Immunization Route

Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.)

g. Rat Response

Host Strain: Lewis
Vaccination Protocol: To determine the protective effect of individual measles virus (MV) proteins, 2- to 3-week-old suckling rats were immunized either once, twice or three times at 5 to 7 day intervals by i.p. injections of 10^7 p.f.u, of recombinant vaccinia virus (VV) expressing individual structural proteins or VV-wt (Brinckmann et al., 1991).
Challenge Protocol: Three to 5 days after the last recombinant VV injection, the animals were challenged by intracerebral (i.c.) infection with the neurotropic rat brain-adapted MV strain CAM/RBH (0.5 × 10^4 to 8 x 10 ~ TCID50) (Brinckmann et al., 1991).
Efficacy: Lewis rats were immunized with recombinant vaccinia virus (VV) expressing various proteins of measles virus (MV). VVP (Phosphoprotein) -immunized rats were partially protected from MV challenge (Brinckmann et al., 1991).

12. Priorix

a. Tradename:

Priorix

b. Manufacturer:

GlaxoSmithKline

c. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0010734

d. Type:

Live, attenuated vaccine

e. Status:

Licensed

f. Location Licensed:

Canada

g. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Human

h. Allergen:

Neomycin

i. Immunization Route

Subcutaneous injection

j. Storage

Store at at 2 to 8°C.

k . Approved Age for Licensed Use

1 year and older (GSK: Priorix)

l. Description

Products: Live virus. Other components: Lactose.

13. Priorix-Tetra

a. Tradename:

Priorix-Tetra

b. Manufacturer:

GlaxoSmithKline

c. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0010735

d. Type:

Live, attenuated vaccine

e. Status:

Licensed

f. Location Licensed:

Canada

g. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Human

h. Allergen:

Neomycin

i. Immunization Route

Subcutaneous injection

j. Storage

Store at at 2 to 8°C. Do not freeze (GSK: Priorix-Tetra).

k . Approved Age for Licensed Use

9 months to 6 years (GSK: Priorix-Tetra)

l. Description

Products: Live virus. Other components: Lactose.

14. ProQuad

a. Product Name:

Measles, Mumps, Rubella and Varicella Virus Vaccine Live

b. Tradename:

ProQuad

c. Manufacturer:

Merck & Co, Inc.

d. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0000091

e. CDC CVX code:

f. Type:

Live, attenuated vaccine

g. Status:

Licensed

h. Location Licensed:

USA (License #0002)

i. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Human

j. Preparation

propagated in chick embryo cell culture.

k. Immunization Route

Intramuscular injection (i.m.)

l. Storage

maintained at a temperature of 2° to 8°C (36° to 46°F) or colder.

m . Approved Age for Licensed Use

12 months to 12 years old

n. Contraindication

Vaccine should not be administered to anyone with a known history of anaphylactic reactions to neomycin, or to anyone with a history of hypersensitivity to gelatin or any other component of the vaccine (FDA: ProQuad).

o. Description

ProQuad is a sterile lyophilized preparation of (1) the components of M-M-R*II (Measles, Mumps and Rubella Virus Vaccine Live): Measles Virus Vaccine Live, a more attenuated line of measles virus, derived from Enders' attenuated Edmonston strain and propagated in chick embryo cell culture; Mumps Virus Vaccine Live, the Jeryl Lynn™ (B level) strain of mumps virus propagated in chick embryo cell culture; Rubella Virus Vaccine Live, the Wistar RA 27/3 strain of live attenuated rubella virus propagated in WI-38 human diploid lung fibroblasts; and (2) Varicella Virus Vaccine Live (Oka/Merck) refrigerator-stable formulation, the Oka/Merck strain of varicella-zoster virus propagated in MRC-5 cells (FDA: ProQuad).

p. Human Response

Immune Response: According to clinical trials, there were high levels of antibodies in 98.9% of those vaccinated after a single dose of Proquad (FDA: ProQuad).
Side Effects: Side effects of vaccination include: injection site reactions, fever, irritability and diarrhea.

V. References

1. Brinckmann et al., 1991: Brinckmann UG, Bankamp B, Reich A, ter Meulen V, Liebert UG. Efficacy of individual measles virus structural proteins in the protection of rats from measles encephalitis. The Journal of general virology. 1991; 72 ( Pt 10); 2491-2500. [PubMed: 1833505].

2. Drillien et al., 1988: Drillien R, Spehner D, Kirn A, Giraudon P, Buckland R, Wild F, Lecocq JP. Protection of mice from fatal measles encephalitis by vaccination with vaccinia virus recombinants encoding either the hemagglutinin or the fusion protein. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 1988; 85(4); 1252-1256. [PubMed: 3422488].

3. FDA: Attenuvax: FDA: Attenuvax information [http://www.fda.gov/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/ApprovedProducts/ucm203032.htm]

4. FDA: MMR-II: FDA: MMR-II [http://www.fda.gov/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/ApprovedProducts/ucm094050.htm]

5. FDA: ProQuad: FDA: ProQuad Vaccine [http://www.fda.gov/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/ApprovedProducts/ucm094051.htm]

6. Gillet et al., 2009: Gillet Y, Habermehl P, Thomas S, Eymin C, Fiquet A. Immunogenicity and safety of concomitant administration of a measles, mumps and rubella vaccine (M-M-RvaxPro) and a varicella vaccine (VARIVAX) by intramuscular or subcutaneous routes at separate injection sites: a randomised clinical trial. BMC medicine. 2009; 7; 16. [PubMed: 19366435].

7. Griffin et al., 2008: Griffin DE, Pan CH, Moss WJ. Measles vaccines. Frontiers in bioscience : a journal and virtual library. 2008; 13; 1352-1370. [PubMed: 17981635].

8. GSK: Priorix: GSK: Priorix Product Information [http://www.gsk.ca/english/docs-pdf/Priorix_PM_20081103_EN.pdf]

9. GSK: Priorix-Tetra: GSK: Priorix-Tetra Product Information [http://www.gsk.ca/english/docs-pdf/Priorix-Tetra_PM_20090908_EN.pdf]

10. Martinez et al., 1997: Martinez X, Brandt C, Saddallah F, Tougne C, Barrios C, Wild F, Dougan G, Lambert PH, Siegrist CA. DNA immunization circumvents deficient induction of T helper type 1 and cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses in neonates and during early life. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 1997; 94(16); 8726-8731. [PubMed: 9238045].

11. Pan et al., 2010: Pan CH, Greer CE, Hauer D, Legg HS, Lee EY, Bergen MJ, Lau B, Adams RJ, Polo JM, Griffin DE. A chimeric alphavirus replicon particle vaccine expressing the hemagglutinin and fusion proteins protects juvenile and infant rhesus macaques from measles. Journal of virology. 2010; 84(8); 3798-3807. [PubMed: 20130066].

12. Spreng et al., 2000: Spreng S, Gentschev I, Goebel W, Weidinger G, ter Meulen V, Niewiesk S. Salmonella vaccines secreting measles virus epitopes induce protective immune responses against measles virus encephalitis. Microbes and infection / Institut Pasteur. 2000; 2(14); 1687-1692. [PubMed: 11137042].

13. Wiki: Measles: Wiki: Measles [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measles]

14. Yanagi et al., 2006: Yanagi Y, Takeda M, Ohno S. Measles virus: cellular receptors, tropism and pathogenesis. The Journal of general virology. 2006; 87(Pt 10); 2767-2779. [PubMed: 16963735].