VIOLIN: Vaccine Investigation and Online Information Network

Western equine encephalomyelitis virus

Table of Contents

General Information
Vaccine Related Pathogen Genes
1. 26S (Protective antigen)
2. 6K (Protective antigen)
3. E1 (Protective antigen, Virmugen)
4. E1 protein (Protective antigen)
5. E2 (Protective antigen, Virmugen)
6. E3 protein (Protective antigen)
7. PE2 (Virmugen)
Vaccine Information
References

I. General Information

1. NCBI Taxonomy ID:

11039

2. Disease:

Western equine encephalomyelitis (WEE)

3. Introduction

The Western equine encephalomyelitis virus is the causative agent of relatively uncommon viral disease Western equine encephalomyelitis (WEE). An Alphavirus of the family Togaviridae, the WEE virus is an arbovirus (arthropod-borne virus) transmitted by mosquitoes of the genera Culex and Culiseta. There have been under 700 confirmed cases in the U.S. since 1964.

In the U.S. WEE is seen primarily in states west of the Mississippi River. The disease is also seen in countries of South America. WEE is commonly a subclinical infection; symptomatic infections are uncommon. However, the disease can cause serious sequelae in infants and children. Unlike Eastern equine encephalitis, the overall mortality of WEE is low (approximately 4%) and is associated mostly with infection in the elderly. There is no vaccine for WEE and there are no licensed therapeutic drugs in the U.S. for this infection.

Western equine encephalitis virus was one of more than a dozen agents that the United States researched as potential biological weapons before the nation suspended its biological weapons program (Wiki: Western equine encephalomyelitis virus).

II. Vaccine Related Pathogen Genes

1. 26S

Gene Name : 26S
Sequence Strain (Species/Organism) : Western equine encephalomyelitis virus
NCBI Protein GI : 7330241
Other Database IDs : CDD:279312
CDD:279849
CDD:279311
CDD:279870
Taxonomy ID : 11039
Gene Strand (Orientation) : ?
Protein Name : structural polyprotein
Protein pI : 8.62
Protein Weight : 127600.08
Protein Length : 1325
Protein Note : Alphavirus core protein; pfam00944

Protein Sequence : Show Sequence

>AAF60166.1 structural polyprotein [Western equine encephalitis virus]
MFPYPQLNFPPVYPTNPMAYRDPNPPRCRWRPFRPPLAAQIEDLRRSIANLTFKQRAPNPPPCPPPKKKK
SAPEPKPTQPKKKKQQAKKTKRKPKPWKRQRMCMKLESDKTFPIMLNGQVNGYACVVGGRLMKPLHVEGK
IDNEQLAAVKLKKASMYDLEYGDVPQNMKSDTLQYTSDKPPGFYNWHHGAVQYENGRFTVPRGVGGKGDS
GRPILDNRGRVVAIVLGGANEGTRTALSVVTWNQKGVTIKDTPEGSEPWSLVTALCVLSNVTFPCDKPPV
CYSLAPERTLDVLEENVDNPNYDTLLENVLKCPSRRPKRSITDDFTLTSPYLGFCPNCRHSAPCFSPIKI
ENVWDESDDGSIRIQVSAQFGYNQAGTADVTKFRYMSYDHDHDIEEDSMEKIAISTSGPCRRLGHKGYFL
LAQCPPGDSVTVSITSGASENSCTVEFKIRRKFVGREEYLFPPVHGKRVKCHVYDHLKERSAGYITMHRP
SPHAYKSYLKEASGEVYIKPPSGKNVTYECKCGDYSTGIVSTPTKMNGCTKAKQCIAYKSDQTKWVFNSP
DLIRHTDHSVQGKLHIPFRLIPTVCPVPLAHTPTVTKWFKGITLHLTATRPTLLTTRKLGLRADATAEWI
TGTTSRNFSVGREGLEYVWGNHEPVRVWAQESAPSDPHGWPHEIIIHYYHRHPVYTVIVLCGVALAILVG
TASSAACITKARRDCLTPYALAPNATVPTALAVLCCIRPTNAETFGETLNHLWFNNQPFLWAQLCIPLAA
LIILFRCFSCCMPFLLVAGVCLGKVDAFEHATTVPNVPGIPYKALVERAGYAPLNLEIKVVSSELTPSTN
KEYVTCKFHTVIPSPQVKCCGSLECKASSKADYTCRVFGGVYPFMWGGAQCFCDSENTQLSEAYVEFAPD
CTIDHAVALRVHTAALKVGLRIVYGNTTAYLDTFVNGVTPGSSRDLKVIAGPISAAFSPFDHKVVIRKGL
VYNYDFPEYGAMKPGAFGDIQASSLDATDIVARTDIRLLKPSVKNIHVPYTQAVSGYEMWKNNSGRPLQE
TAPFGCKIEVEPLRASNCAYGHIPISIDIPDAAFVRSSESPTILEVSCTADCIYSADFGGSLTLQYKADR
EGHCPVHSHSTTAVLKEATTHVTATGSITLHFSTSSPQANFIVSLCGKKTTCNAECKPPADHIIGEPHKV
DQEFQAAVSKTSWNWLLALFGGASSLIVVGLIVLVCSSMLINTRR

Molecule Role : Protective antigen
Related Vaccine(s): WEE virus DNA vaccine pVHX-6 encoding 26S

2. 6K

Gene Name : 6K
Sequence Strain (Species/Organism) : Western equine encephalomyelitis virus
VO ID : VO_0011307
NCBI Protein GI : 29611993
Other Database IDs : CDD:279870
Taxonomy ID : 11039
Gene Strand (Orientation) : ?
Protein Name : 6K protein
Protein pI : 7.08
Protein Weight : 6303.88
Protein Length : 117
Protein Note : Alphavirus E1 glycoprotein; pfam01589

Protein Sequence : Show Sequence

>NP_818941.1 6K protein [Western equine encephalitis virus]
ETFGETLNHLWFNNQPFLWAQLCIPLAALVILFRCFSCCMPFLLVAGVCLGKVDA

Molecule Role : Protective antigen
Molecule Role Annotation : DNA vaccines encoding different portions of the structural proteins of western equine encephalitis virus were tested for the efficacy of their protection in a 100% lethal mouse model of the virus. The 6K-E1 structural protein encoded by the DNA vaccine conferred complete protection against challenge with the homologous strain and limited protection against challenge with a heterologous strain (Gauci et al., 2010).

Note: The 6K protein is part of the 6K-E1 structural protein
Related Vaccine(s): WEEV DNA Vaccine encoding 6K-E1 Protein

3. E1

Gene Name : E1
Sequence Strain (Species/Organism) : Western equine encephalomyelitis virus
VO ID : VO_0011306
NCBI Nucleotide GI : 17148716
NCBI Protein GI : 17148717
Protein Accession : AAL35792.1
Other Database IDs : CDD:279870
Taxonomy ID : 11039
Gene Strand (Orientation) : ?
Protein Name : glycoprotein
Protein pI : 6.22
Protein Weight : 33702.07
Protein Length : 411
Protein Note : Alphavirus E1 glycoprotein; pfam01589

DNA Sequence : Show Sequence

>gi|17148716|gb|AF398393.1| Western equine encephalomyelitis virus glycoprotein (E1) mRNA, partial cds
AGACGCACAGTGCTTTTGTGACAGCGAGAACACGCAACTAAGCGAAGCATATGTCGAGTTTGCTCCAGAT
TGCACTGTAGATCACGCAGTCGCTTTAAAAGTTCACACAGCTGCTTTGAAAGTCAGCCTGCGCATAGTAT
ATGGCAATACCACCGCGCGCCTGGATACGTTCGTTAATGGCGTCACACCAGGTTCCACGCGAGACCTGAA
GGTCATCGCAGGGCCGATATCAGCCGCTTTTTCGCCCTTTGACCATAAAGTCGTTATTAGAAAAGGGCTT
GTCTACAACTATGACTTTCCAGAGTACGGAGCCATGAGACCAGGTGTGTTCGGCGATATTCAAGCATCTT
CGCTAGACGCCAAGGACATAGTAGCCCGCACTGACATACGGCTGCTGAAGCCTTCTGTCAAGAACATCCA
TGTTCCTTACACCCAAGCAGTGTCAGGGTATGAAATGTGGAAGAACAATTCAGGACGGCCACTGCAAGAA
ACGGCACCGTTTGGCTGTAAAATCGAAGTGGAGCCTTTGCGAGCGTCTGATTGCGCTTATGGGCACATCC
CTATCTCAATCGATATTCCTGACGCAGCTTTCGTGAGATCATCAGAGTCACCTACAATTCTAGAAGTCAG
CTGCTCGGTAGCAGACTGCATCTATTCGGCAGACTTTGGAGGCTCACTGACACTACAGTACAAAGCTGAC
AGGGAGGGACACTGTCCAGTTCACTCTCACTCCACTACAGCTGTCTTGAAGGAAGCGACCACACACGTGA
CTGCCATAGGCAGCATAACGCTACATTTCAGTACATCAAGCCCACAAGCAAATTTTATAATTTCGCTGTG
TGGCAAGAAGACTACTTGCAATGCTGAATGCAAACCACCAGAGGACCACATAATTGGTGAACCACACAAG
GTTGACCAGGAATTCCAGGCGGCAGTTTCTAAAACATCCTGGAACTGGCTCGTCGCGCTGTTTGGGGGAG
CATCATCCCTCATTGTTGTAGGACT

Protein Sequence : Show Sequence

>AAL35792.1 glycoprotein, partial [Western equine encephalitis virus]
DAQCFCDSENTQLSEAYVEFAPDCTVDHAVALKVHTAALKVSLRIVYGNTTARLDTFVNGVTPGSTRDLK
VIAGPISAAFSPFDHKVVIRKGLVYNYDFPEYGAMRPGVFGDIQASSLDAKDIVARTDIRLLKPSVKNIH
VPYTQAVSGYEMWKNNSGRPLQETAPFGCKIEVEPLRASDCAYGHIPISIDIPDAAFVRSSESPTILEVS
CSVADCIYSADFGGSLTLQYKADREGHCPVHSHSTTAVLKEATTHVTAIGSITLHFSTSSPQANFIISLC
GKKTTCNAECKPPEDHIIGEPHKVDQEFQAAVSKTSWNWLVALFGGASSLIVVGL

Molecule Role : Protective antigen
Molecule Role Annotation : DNA vaccines encoding different portions of the structural proteins of western equine encephalitis virus were tested for the efficacy of their protection in a 100% lethal mouse model of the virus. The 6K-E1 structural protein encoded by the DNA vaccine conferred complete protection against challenge with the homologous strain and limited protection against challenge with a heterologous strain (Gauci et al., 2010).

Note: The E1 glycoprotein is part of the 6K-E1 structural protein
Additional Molecule Role : Virmugen
Additional Molecule Role Annotation : A PE2 mutant combined with a deletion in E1 (WE2130) induced low-level viremia in chickens and protected against challenge with wild type WEE after 2 weeks. This study also found that it is unlikely that mosquito transmission of this strain would occur (Turell et al., 2003).
Related Vaccine(s): WEEV DNA Vaccine encoding 6K-E1 Protein , Western equine encephalomyelitis virus PE2/E1 mutant vaccine

4. E1 protein

Gene Name : E1 protein
Sequence Strain (Species/Organism) : Western equine encephalomyelitis virus
NCBI Protein GI : NP_818942
Other Database IDs : CDD:279870
Taxonomy ID : 11039
Protein Name : E1 protein
Protein pI : 6.77
Protein Weight : 43833.76
Protein Length : 507
Protein Note : Alphavirus E1 glycoprotein; pfam01589

Protein Sequence : Show Sequence

>NP_818942.1 E1 protein [Western equine encephalitis virus]
FEHATTVPNVPGIPYKALVERAGYAPLNLEITVVSSELTPSTNKEYVTCKFHTVIPSPQVKCCGSLECKA
SSKADYTCRVFGGVYPFMWGGAQCFCDSENTQLSEAYVEFAPDCTIDHAVALKVHTAALKVGLRIVYGNT
TAHLDTFVNGVTPGSSRDLKVIAGPISAAFSPFDHKVVIRKGLVYNYDFPEYGAMKPGAFGDIQASSLDA
TDIVARTDIRLLKPSVKNIHVPYTQAVSGYEMWKNNSGRPLQETAPFGCKIEVEPLRASNCAYGHIPISI
DIPDAAFVRSSESPTILEVSCTVADCIYSADFGGSLTLQYKADREGHCPVHSHSTTAVLKEATTHVTAVG
SITLHFSTSSPQANFIVSLCGKKSTCNAECKPPADHIIGEPHKVDQEFQAAVSKTSWNWLLALFGGASSL
IVVGLIVLVCSSMLINTRR

Molecule Role : Protective antigen
Molecule Role Annotation : (Phillips et al., 2014)

5. E2

Gene Name : E2
Sequence Strain (Species/Organism) : Western equine encephalomyelitis virus
VO ID : VO_0011305
NCBI Protein GI : 29611992
Other Database IDs : CDD:279311
Taxonomy ID : 11039
Gene Strand (Orientation) : ?
Protein Name : E2 protein
Protein pI : 8.39
Protein Weight : 44557.05
Protein Length : 491
Protein Note : Alphavirus E2 glycoprotein; pfam00943

Protein Sequence : Show Sequence

>NP_818940.1 E2 protein [Western equine encephalitis virus]
SITDDFTLTSPYLGFCPYCRHSTPCFSPIKIENVWDESDDGSIRIQVSAQFGYNQAGTADVTKFRYMSFD
HDHDIKEDSMEKIAISTSGPCRRLGHKGYFLLAQCPPGDSVTVSITSGASENSCTVEKKIRRKFVGREEY
LFPPVHGKLVKCHVYDHLKETSAGYITMHRPGPHAYKSYLEEASGEVYIKPPSGKNVTYECKCGDYSTGI
VSTRTKMNGCTKAKQCIAYKSDQTKWVFNSPDLIRHTDHSVQGKLHIPFRLTPTVCPVPLAHTPTVTKWF
KGITLHLTAMRPTLLTTRKLGLRADATAEWITGSTSRNFSVGREGLEYVWGNHEPVRVWAQESAPGDPHG
WPHEIIIHYYHRHPVYTVIVLCGVALAILVGTASSAACIAKARRDCLTPYALAPNATVPTALAVLCCIRP
TNA

Molecule Role : Protective antigen
Molecule Role Annotation : This report describes the successful cloning of the E2 gene of WEEV and expression in Escherichia coli as inclusion bodies. The immunogenicity of the refolded rE2 protein was demonstrated by strong humoral and cell mediated immune (CMI) responses in rE2-immunized BALB/c mice. The current study also demonstrated that rE2-immunized mice could be partially protected from lethal challenge of WEEV (Das et al., 2007).
Additional Molecule Role : Virmugen
Additional Molecule Role Annotation : A PE2 mutant combined with a deletion in E2 (WE2102) induced low-level viremia in chickens and protected against challenge with wild type WEE after 2 weeks. This study also found that it is unlikely that mosquito transmission of this strain would occur (Turell et al., 2003).
Related Vaccine(s): WEEV Subunit E2 Protein Vaccine , Western equine encephalomyelitis virus PE2/E2 mutant virus

6. E3 protein

Gene Name : E3 protein
Sequence Strain (Species/Organism) : Western equine encephalomyelitis virus
NCBI Protein GI : NP_818939
Other Database IDs : CDD:279849
Taxonomy ID : 11039
Protein Name : E3 protein
Protein pI : 4.59
Protein Weight : 6609.79
Protein Length : 122
Protein Note : In some other alphaviruses, E3 was not detected as a separate protein

Protein Sequence : Show Sequence

>NP_818939.1 E3 protein [Western equine encephalitis virus]
SLVTALCVLSNVTFPCDKPPVCYSLTPERTLDVLEENVDNPNYDTLLENVLKCPSRRPKR

Molecule Role : Protective antigen
Molecule Role Annotation : (Wu et al., 2007)

7. PE2

Gene Name : PE2
Sequence Strain (Species/Organism) : Western equine encephalomyelitis virus
NCBI Protein GI : 90811336
Other Database IDs : CDD:109979
CDD:190039
CDD:109978
CDD:144979
Taxonomy ID : 11039
Gene Strand (Orientation) : ?
Protein Name : structural polyprotein
Protein Length : 1236
Protein Note : Alphavirus core protein; pfam00944

Protein Sequence : Show Sequence

>gi|90811336|gb|ABD98014.1| structural polyprotein [Western equine encephalomyelitis virus]
MFPYPQLNFPPVYPTNPMAYRDPNPPRRRWRPFRPPLAAQIEDLRRSIANLTFKQRAPNPPPGPPPKKKK
SAPKPKPTQPKKKKQQAKKTKRKPKPGKRQRMCMKLESDKTFPIMLNGQVNGYACVVGGRLMKPLHVEGK
IDNEQLAAVKLKKASMYDLEYGDVPQNMKSDTLQYTSDKPPGFYNWHHGAVQYENGRFTVPRGVGGKGDS
GRPILDNRGRVVAIVLGGANEGTRTALSVVTWNQKGVTIKDTPEGSEPWSLVTALCVLSNVTFPCDKPPV
CYSLAPERTLDVLEENVDNPNYDTLLENVLKCPSRRPKRSITDDFTLTSPYLGFCPYCRHSAPCFSPIKI
ENVWDESDDGSIRIQVSAQFGYNQAGTADVTKFRYMSYDHDHDIKEDSMEKLAISTSGPCRRLGHKGYFL
LAQCPPGDSVTVSITSGASENSCTVEKKIRRKFVGREEYLFPPVHGKLVKCHVYDHLKETSAGYITMHRP
GPHAYKSYLEEASGEVYIKPPSGKNVTYECKCGDYSTGIVSTRTKMNGCTKAKQCIAYKRDQTKWVFNSP
DLIRHTDHSVQGKLHIPFRLTPTVCPVPLAHTPTVTKWFKGITLHLTATRPTLLTTRKLGLRADATAEWI
TGTTSRNFSVGREGLEYVWGNHEPVRVWAQESAPGDPHGWPHEIIIHYYHRHPVYTVIVLCGVALAILVG
TASSAACIAKARRDCLTPYALAPNATVPTALAVLCCIRPTNAETFGETLNHLWFNNQPFLWAQLCIPLAA
LIILFRCFSCCMPFLLVAGVCLGKVDAFEHATTVPNVPGIPYKALVERAGYAPLNLEITVVSSELTPSTN
KEYVTCKFHTVVPSPQVKCCGSLECKASSKADYTCRVFGGVYPFMWGGAQCFCDSENTQLSEAYVEFAPD
CTIDHAVALKVHTAALKVGLRIVYGNTTARLDTFVNGVTPGSSRDLKVIAGPISAAFSPFDHKVVIRKGL
VYNYDFPEYGAMNPGAFGDIQASSLDATDIVARTDIRLLKPSVKNIHVPYTQAVSGYEMWKNNSGRPLQE
TAPFGCKIEVEPLRATNCAYGHIPISIDIPDAAFVRSSESPTILEVSCTVADCIYSADFGGSLTLQYKAN
REGHCPVHSHSTTAVLKEATTHVTATGSITLHFSTSSPQANFIVSLCGKKTTCNAECKPPADHIIGEPHK
VDQEFQAAVSKTSWNWLLALFGGASSLIVVGLIVLVCSSMLINTRR

Molecule Role : Virmugen
Molecule Role Annotation : A PE2 mutant combined with either a deletion in E2 (WE2102) or E1 (WE2130) induced low-level viremia in chickens and protected against challenge with wild type WEE after 2 weeks. This study also found that it is unlikely that mosquito transmission of these two strains would occur (Turell et al., 2003).
Related Vaccine(s): Western equine encephalomyelitis virus PE2/E1 mutant vaccine , Western equine encephalomyelitis virus PE2/E2 mutant virus

III. Vaccine Information

1. Encephalomyelitis Eastern & Western & Venezuelan, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4865.23)

a. Manufacturer:

Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Inc., Intervet Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002266

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Horse

2. Encephalomyelitis Eastern & Western & Venezuelan, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4865.27)

a. Manufacturer:

Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002268

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Horse

3. Encephalomyelitis Eastern & Western & Venezuelan, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4867.20)

a. Manufacturer:

Wyeth

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002269

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Horse

4. Encephalomyelitis Eastern & Western & Venezuelan, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4867.21)

a. Manufacturer:

Wyeth

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002270

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Horse

5. Encephalomyelitis Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1475.00)

a. Manufacturer:

Intervet Inc., Colorado Serum Company, Merial, Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002116

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Horse

6. Encephalomyelitis Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4865.00)

a. Manufacturer:

Colorado Serum Company, Merial, Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002263

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Horse

7. Encephalomyelitis Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4865.01)

a. Manufacturer:

Intervet Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002264

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Horse

8. Encephalomyelitis Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4865.21)

a. Manufacturer:

Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002265

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Horse

9. Encephalomyelitis Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4865.26)

a. Manufacturer:

Wyeth

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002267

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Horse

10. Encephalomyelitis-Influenza Eastern & Western & Venezuelan, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4875.23)

a. Manufacturer:

Wyeth

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002271

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Horse

11. Encephalomyelitis-Influenza Eastern & Western & Venezuelan, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4875.24)

a. Manufacturer:

Wyeth

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002272

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Horse

12. Encephalomyelitis-Influenza Eastern & Western & Venezuelan, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4875.A0)

a. Manufacturer:

Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002273

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Horse

13. Encephalomyelitis-Influenza Eastern & Western & Venezuelan, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4875.A1)

a. Manufacturer:

Intervet Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002274

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Horse

14. Encephalomyelitis-Influenza Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4835.20)

a. Manufacturer:

Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002248

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Horse

15. Encephalomyelitis-Influenza Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4835.23)

a. Manufacturer:

Wyeth

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002249

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Horse

16. Encephalomyelitis-Influenza Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4835.24)

a. Manufacturer:

Wyeth

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002250

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Horse

17. Encephalomyelitis-Influenza Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4835.45)

a. Manufacturer:

Intervet Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002251

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Horse

18. Encephalomyelitis-Influenza Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4835.46)

a. Manufacturer:

Intervet Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002252

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Horse

19. Encephalomyelitis-Influenza-West Nile Virus Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 13W5.20)

a. Manufacturer:

Wyeth

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002115

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Horse

20. Encephalomyelitis-Influenza-West Nile Virus Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 46W5.21)

a. Manufacturer:

Wyeth

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002238

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Horse

21. Encephalomyelitis-Rhinopneumonitis Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4844.30)

a. Manufacturer:

Intervet Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002253

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Horse

22. Encephalomyelitis-Rhinopneumonitis-Influenza Eastern & Western & Venezuelan, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4847.22)

a. Manufacturer:

Wyeth

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002258

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Horse

23. Encephalomyelitis-Rhinopneumonitis-Influenza Eastern & Western & Venezuelan, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4847.23)

a. Manufacturer:

Wyeth

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002259

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Horse

24. Encephalomyelitis-Rhinopneumonitis-Influenza Eastern & Western & Venezuelan, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4847.24)

a. Manufacturer:

Wyeth

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002260

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Horse

25. Encephalomyelitis-Rhinopneumonitis-Influenza Eastern & Western & Venezuelan, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4847.32)

a. Manufacturer:

Intervet Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002261

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Horse

26. Encephalomyelitis-Rhinopneumonitis-Influenza Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4845.23)

a. Manufacturer:

Wyeth

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002254

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Horse

27. Encephalomyelitis-Rhinopneumonitis-Influenza Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4845.24)

a. Manufacturer:

Wyeth

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002255

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Horse

28. Encephalomyelitis-Rhinopneumonitis-Influenza Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4845.32)

a. Manufacturer:

Intervet Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002256

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Horse

29. Encephalomyelitis-Rhinopneumonitis-Influenza Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4845.33)

a. Manufacturer:

Intervet Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002257

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Horse

30. Encephalomyelitis-Rhinopneumonitis-Influenza-West Nile Virus Eastern & Western, Killed Virus, Killed Flavivirus Chimera Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4855.R2)

a. Manufacturer:

Intervet Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002262

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Horse

31. Encephalomyelitis-West Nile Virus Eastern & Western & Venezuelan, Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 14W5.23)

a. Manufacturer:

Wyeth

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002128

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Horse

32. Encephalomyelitis-West Nile Virus Eastern & Western & Venezuelan, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 48W5.20)

a. Manufacturer:

Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002284

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Horse

33. Encephalomyelitis-West Nile Virus Eastern & Western & Venezuelan, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 48W5.23)

a. Manufacturer:

Wyeth

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002287

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Horse

34. Encephalomyelitis-West Nile Virus Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 14W5.22)

a. Manufacturer:

Wyeth

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002127

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Horse

35. Encephalomyelitis-West Nile Virus Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 48W5.21)

a. Manufacturer:

Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002285

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Horse

36. Encephalomyelitis-West Nile Virus Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 48W5.22)

a. Manufacturer:

Wyeth

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002286

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Horse

37. Encephalomyelitis-West Nile Virus Eastern & Western, Killed Virus, Live Canarypox Vector Vaccine (USDA: 14W7.R0)

a. Manufacturer:

Merial, Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002129

c. Type:

Live, attenuated vaccine; Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Horse

38. Encephalomyelitis-West Nile Virus Eastern & Western, Killed Virus, Live Canarypox Vector Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 48W9.R0)

a. Manufacturer:

Merial, Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002288

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Horse

39. WEE virus DNA vaccine pVHX-6 encoding 26S

a. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0004489

b. Type:

DNA vaccine

c. Status:

Research

d. Host Species as Laboratory Animal Model:

Mouse

e. Gene Engineering of 26S

Type: DNA vaccine construction
Description: Vector pVAX expressed 26S structural genes of WEEV strain (Nagata et al., 2005).
Detailed Gene Information: Click here.

f. Vector:

pVAX (Nagata et al., 2005)

g. Immunization Route

Intraepidermal immunization

h. Mouse Response

Vaccine Immune Response Type: VO_0000286
Efficacy: When the DNA vaccine plasmid, pVHX-6, was administered intraepidermally to mice, followed by challenge in a lethal mouse model, the level of protection obtained ranged from 50 to 100% amongst three strains of WEEV (Nagata et al., 2005).

40. WEEV DNA Vaccine encoding 6K-E1 Protein

a. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0011505

b. Type:

DNA vaccine

c. Status:

Research

d. Gene Engineering of E1

Type: DNA vaccine construction
Description:
Detailed Gene Information: Click here.

e. Gene Engineering of 6K

Type: DNA vaccine construction
Description:
Detailed Gene Information: Click here.

f. Vector:

pVAX (Gauci et al., 2010)

g. Immunization Route

Gene Gun

h. Mouse Response

Host Strain: BALB/c
Vaccination Protocol: Three doses of the DNA vaccine containing 2 μg of plasmid DNA in each vaccine were administered 14 days apart by using a Helios gene gun. Inactivated WEE vaccine was used as a positive control (Gauci et al., 2010).
Challenge Protocol: At 14 days after the third vaccination, the mice were challenged intranasally with 1,500 PFU (25 50% lethal doses [LD50s]) of the homologous 71V-1658 strain of WEEV, 1,500 PFU (25 LD50s) of the heterologous Fleming strain, or 1,500 PFU of the heterologous CBA87 strain. The challenged mice were observed for 14 days for survival and the severity of the infection (Gauci et al., 2010).
Efficacy: The 6K-E1 structural protein encoded by the DNA vaccine conferred complete protection against challenge with the homologous strain and limited protection against challenge with a heterologous strain (Gauci et al., 2010).

41. WEEV Subunit E2 Protein Vaccine

a. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0011506

b. Type:

Subunit vaccine

c. Status:

Research

d. Gene Engineering of E2

Type: Recombinant protein preparation
Description:
Detailed Gene Information: Click here.

e. Adjuvant:

VO ID: VO_0001260

f. Immunization Route

Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.)

g. Mouse Response

Host Strain: BALB/c
Vaccination Protocol: mice were immunized intraperitoneally with 50 μg of endotoxin-free E. coli-expressed rE2 antigen emulsified with equal volume of TiterMax Gold adjuvant. Two weeks following primary immunization, mice were immunized with the same amount of antigen emulsified with TiterMax Gold adjuvants. After the 3rd and 4th week, mice were further immunized with the same amount of antigen diluted in PBS. Control mice were immunized with only TiterMax Gold adjuvants (Das et al., 2007).
Challenge Protocol: Live virus working stocks were prepared by diluting 1.5 × 10^3 Plaque Forming Units (PFUs) of WEEV in 50 μl HBSS and was administered to the mice intranasally. Sodium pentobarbital (50 mg/kg body weight) was used intraperitoneally to anaesthetize the mice. When the animals were unconscious, they were carefully supported by hand with their nose up and the virus suspension in HBSS gently applied with a micropipette intranasally. The applied volume was then naturally inhaled into the lungs. Infected animals were observed daily, for up to 14 days post-infection (Das et al., 2007).
Efficacy: rE2-immunized mice were be partially protected from lethal challenge of WEEV (Das et al., 2007).

42. Western equine encephalomyelitis virus PE2/E1 mutant vaccine

a. Product Name:

WE2130

b. Type:

Live, attenuated vaccine

c. Status:

Research

d. Host Species as Laboratory Animal Model:

Chicken

e. Gene Engineering of PE2

Type: Gene mutation
Description: This PE2/E1 mutant is from Western equine encephalomyelitis virus (Turell et al., 2003).
Detailed Gene Information: Click here.

f. Gene Engineering of E1

Type: Gene mutation
Description: This PE2/E1 mutant is from Western equine encephalomyelitis virus (Turell et al., 2003).
Detailed Gene Information: Click here.

g. Immunization Route

subcutaneous injection

h. Chicken Response

Persistence: WE2130 induced low-level viremia in chickens (Turell et al., 2003).
Efficacy: WE2130 protected chickens from challenge with wild type WEE two weeks after initial vaccination (Turell et al., 2003).

43. Western equine encephalomyelitis virus PE2/E2 mutant virus

a. Product Name:

WE2102

b. Type:

Live, attenuated vaccine

c. Status:

Research

d. Host Species as Laboratory Animal Model:

Chicken

e. Gene Engineering of PE2

Type: Gene mutation
Description: This PE2/E2 mutant is from Western equine encephalomyelitis virus (Turell et al., 2003).
Detailed Gene Information: Click here.

f. Gene Engineering of E2

Type: Gene mutation
Description: This PE2/E2 mutant is from Western equine encephalomyelitis virus (Turell et al., 2003).
Detailed Gene Information: Click here.

g. Immunization Route

subcutaneous injection

h. Chicken Response

Persistence: WE2102 induced low-level viremia in chickens (Turell et al., 2003).
Efficacy: WE2102 protected chickens from challenge with wild type WEE two weeks after initial vaccination (Turell et al., 2003).

IV. References

1. Das et al., 2007: Das D, Nagata LP, Suresh MR. Immunological evaluation of Escherichia coli expressed E2 protein of Western equine encephalitis virus. Virus research. 2007; 128(1-2); 26-33. [PubMed: 17499379].

2. Gauci et al., 2010: Gauci PJ, Wu JQ, Rayner GA, Barabé ND, Nagata LP, Proll DF. Identification of Western equine encephalitis virus structural proteins that confer protection after DNA vaccination. Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI. 2010; 17(1); 176-179. [PubMed: 19923571].

3. Nagata et al., 2005: Nagata LP, Hu WG, Masri SA, Rayner GA, Schmaltz FL, Das D, Wu J, Long MC, Chan C, Proll D, Jager S, Jebailey L, Suresh MR, Wong JP. Efficacy of DNA vaccination against western equine encephalitis virus infection. Vaccine. 2005; 23(17-18); 2280-2283. [PubMed: 15755611].

4. Phillips et al., 2014: Phillips AT, Schountz T, Toth AM, Rico AB, Jarvis DL, Powers AM, Olson KE. Liposome-antigen-nucleic acid complexes protect mice from lethal challenge with western and eastern equine encephalitis viruses. Journal of virology. 2014; 88(3); 1771-1780. [PubMed: 24257615].

5. Turell et al., 2003: Turell MJ, O'Guinn ML, Parker MD. Limited potential for mosquito transmission of genetically engineered, live-attenuated western equine encephalitis virus vaccine candidates. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene. 2003; 68(2); 218-221. [PubMed: 12641414].

6. Wiki: Western equine encephalomyelitis virus: Western equine encephalomyelitis virus [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_equine_encephalitis_virus]

7. Wu et al., 2007: Wu JQ, Barab� ND, Chau D, Wong C, Rayner GR, Hu WG, Nagata LP. Complete protection of mice against a lethal dose challenge of western equine encephalitis virus after immunization with an adenovirus-vectored vaccine. Vaccine. 2007; 25(22); 4368-4375. [PubMed: 17467858].