Sendai Proteoliposomes, Sendai-containing Lipid Matrices |
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Vaxjo ID |
97 |
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Vaccine Adjuvant Name |
Sendai Proteoliposomes, Sendai-containing Lipid Matrices |
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Alternative Names |
Sendai glycoprotein-containing vesicles; fusogenic proteoliposomes; FPLs; Sendai lipid matrix-based vaccines. |
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Adjuvant VO ID |
VO_0001350
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Description |
Adjuvant made from the glycoproteins of Sendai virus (Vogel and Powell, 1995). |
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Stage of Development |
Research |
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Structure |
Sendai proteoliposomes: The glycoproteins of Sendai virus (parainfluenza type 1) are integrated in the lipid bilayers, of large, mainly unilamellar, liposomes. Native conformation and biological activities of receptor binding and membrane fusion are maintained. Other proteins containing hydrophobic regions or lipid anchored proteins or peptides may be encapsulated in the hpid bilayer. Water soluble proteins or other materials may be encapsulated in the aqueous interior of the vesicles.
Sendai-containing lipid matrices: Some peptides which are amphipathic (i. e., possess both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions) have the ability to collapse lipid bilayers. When these peptides are encapsulated by adding EDTA to Sendai protein cochleates, lipid aggregates, rather than liposomes (with a continuous lipid bilayer encapsulating an internal aqueous space) are produced. Polymorphic lipid aggregates also form when plain lipid cochleates are converted by EDTA in the presence of high concentrations of these amphipathic |
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Molecular Weight |
Macromolecular s |
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Appearance |
Opalescent suspension in aqueous isotonic buffer. |
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Storage |
Phospholipids used as raw materials are stored in chloroform at 20° C. under nitrogen. Proteoliposomes should be stored at 4° C in isotonic buffer. They are generally used within a few days of preparation. Long term stability has not been assessed (Vogel and Powell, 1995). |
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Preparation |
Prepared from Sendai protein cochleates by chelation of Ca++ with EDTA. See Protein cochleates for lipids and antigens used and sources. Material encapsulated includes chemically synthesized peptides, isolated
and recombinant proteins, whole fixed viruses, small molecule drugs and DNA (Vogel and Powell, 1995). |
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Function |
Proteoliposomes stimulate strong antibody and proliferative responses to associated antigens. They are particularly powerful inducers of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Antigens can be associated with the lipid bilayer or encapsulated within the aqueous interior (Vogel and Powell, 1995). |
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Safety |
The phospholipids used in the preparation of proteoliposomes have been used in humans for vaccines and drug delivery with no significant negative side effects. Proteoliposomes have been given to hundreds of mice, by intraperitoneal and intramuscular immunization, and many rabbits and sixteen monkeys by intramuscular immunization with no negative local or systemic effects noted (Vogel and Powell, 1995). |
| References |
Vogel and Powell, 1995: Vogel FR, Powell MF. A compendium of vaccine adjuvants and excipients. Pharmaceutical biotechnology. 1995; 6; 141-228. [PubMed: 7551218].
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