Non-Ionic Surfactant Vesicles |
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Vaxjo ID |
68 |
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Vaccine Adjuvant Name |
Non-Ionic Surfactant Vesicles |
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Alternative Names |
NISV |
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Adjuvant VO ID |
VO_0001307
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|
Description |
Used as a primary vaccine adjuvant for entrapped antigen. NISV adjuvant biodegrades in vivo with release of the entrapped antigen. NISV adjuvant induces humoral and cell-mediated immunity and probably functions by targeting the antigen to the macrophage population (Vogel and Powell, 1995). |
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Stage of Development |
Research |
|
Components |
Multi-lamellar vesicles comprising a mixture of non-ionic surfactant (e.g., 1-monopalmitoyl-rac-glycerol), cholesterol and dicetyl phosphate (Vogel and Powell, 1995). |
|
Molecular Weight |
1-Monopalmitoyl |
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Appearance |
Milky, colloidal suspension. |
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Storage |
Component raw materials should be stored at low humidity. Refrigeration of NISV at 4° C is preferred for antigen-containing preparations (Vogel and Powell, 1995). |
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Function |
Induces both a humoral and cell-mediated immune response. Preferentially stimulates the Th1 sub-population of T-helper cells. Effective with antigens within a broad size range, from short peptides to particulates. Adjuvant function is unrestricted by genetic background (Vogel and Powell, 1995). |
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Safety |
Extremely low toxicity of NISV has been demonstrated in rat studies after administration by both the subcutaneous or intramuscular route. At doses up to 575 mg/kg body weight there was no persistence of NISV at the site of injection (s.c.) (Vogel and Powell, 1995). |
| Related Vaccine(s) |
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| References |
Vogel and Powell, 1995: Vogel FR, Powell MF. A compendium of vaccine adjuvants and excipients. Pharmaceutical biotechnology. 1995; 6; 141-228. [PubMed: 7551218].
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