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Avridine® |
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Vaxjo ID |
46 |
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Vaccine Adjuvant Name |
Avridine® |
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Alternative Names |
N, N-dioctadecyl-N′, N′-bis( 2-hydroxyethyl) propanediamine; CP20,96 |
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Adjuvant VO ID |
VO_0001288
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Description |
Avridine® has been shown to have excellent adjuvant properties with a broad spectrum of protozoan, bacterial and viral agents 6-1x. The addition of liposomes to avridine increases its immunoadjuvanticity (Fatunmbi et al., 1992). |
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Stage of Development |
Research |
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Components |
N,N-dioctadecyl-N',N'-bis(2-hydroxyethyl) propanediamine (Vogel and Powell, 1995). |
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Molecular Weight |
667.17 |
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Appearance |
White powder. |
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Storage |
Store as a powder at room temperature (Vogel and Powell, 1995). |
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Preparation |
Incorporation into a liposomal preparation, e.g., at a molar ratio of 1:2 Avridine:dimyristoyl phosphatidy1choline forms unilamellar liposomes; aqueous suspensions from alcoholic solution; in Intralipid, an aqueous soybean oil emulsion vehicle; other vegetable and mineral oil vehicles; Tween 80 dispersions in saline; saline suspension with alum-precipitated antigen (Vogel and Powell, 1995). In a study, liposomal avridine suspension was prepared by the ethanol injection method 22 and contained avridine and dimyristoyl-L-phosphatidylcholine (DMPC) (SigmaChemical Company, St Louis, Missouri) in a molar ratio of 2:1. Briefly, avridine (15 mg ml- z ), (kindly provided by Dr W. Hoffman of Central Research, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut) and DMPC (7.5 mg m1-1) were dissolved in warm (37°C) absolute ethanol. One volume of this solution was injected into 15 volumes of 0.15 M NaCI containing 0.005 U sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7.4). This preparation was then concentrated to 40 mg ml- 1 using a YM 100 ultrafiltration membrane with molecular weight cut-off point of 100000 (Amicon Div, W.R. Grace and Co., Danvers, Massachusetts). Rapid stirring and low pressure were maintained during the concentration process to avoid the formation of larger and more heterogeneous liposomes (Fatunmbi et al., 1992). |
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Dosage |
In a study, vaccine dose contained 10 mg of Avridine® (Fatunmbi et al., 1992). |
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Function |
Avridine leads to humoral and cellular immunity, proliferation of B and T lymphocytes, protective immunity, activation of macrophages, induction of interferon, enhancement of mucosal immunity when administered orally/enterically with antigen, adjuvanticity with a variety of antigens, and induction of IgG2a and IgG2b isotypes (Vogel and Powell, 1995). |
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Safety |
Intranasal administration to humans induces interferon in nasal secretions and protection against rhinovirus challenge; injection site irritation model for adjuvant arthritis in Lewis rats; antitumor properties in rodent tumor models (Vogel and Powell, 1995). |
| Related Vaccine(s) |
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| References |
Fatunmbi et al., 1992: Fatunmbi OO, Newman JA, Sivanandan V, Halvorson DA. Enhancement of antibody response of turkeys to trivalent avian influenza vaccine by positively charged liposomal avridine adjuvant. Vaccine. 1992; 10(9); 623-626. [PubMed: 1502840].
Vogel and Powell, 1995: Vogel FR, Powell MF. A compendium of vaccine adjuvants and excipients. Pharmaceutical biotechnology. 1995; 6; 141-228. [PubMed: 7551218].
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