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Graphene oxide |
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Vaxjo ID |
337 |
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Vaccine Adjuvant Name |
Graphene oxide |
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Adjuvant VO ID |
VO_0005615
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Description |
adjuvant derived from graphene that induces a Th1 response |
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Stage of Development |
Research |
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Host Species for Testing |
Mouse |
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Components |
Graphene oxide |
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Function |
enhances the secretion of macrophages by activating the NF-kB signaling pathway, and activates the immune system by promoting the proliferation and differentiation of lymphocytes (especially CD8+T cells) and the secretion of inflammatory mediators |
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Safety |
dose-dependent toxicity to cells and animals, such as inducing cell apoptosis and lung granuloma formation |
| References |
Bai et al., 2022: Bai Q, Wang Z, An Y, Tian J, Li Z, Yang Y, Dong Y, Chen M, Liu T. Chitosan-functionalized graphene oxide as adjuvant in HEV P239 vaccine. Vaccine. 2022; 40(52); 7613-7621. [PubMed: 36371365].
Zhi et al., 2013: Zhi X, Fang H, Bao C, Shen G, Zhang J, Wang K, Guo S, Wan T, Cui D. The immunotoxicity of graphene oxides and the effect of PVP-coating. Biomaterials. 2013; 34(21); 5254-5261. [PubMed: 23566800].
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