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          GC@ICG nanoparticle         | 
        
      | Vaxjo ID | 279 | 
        
      | Vaccine Adjuvant Name | GC@ICG nanoparticle | 
        
      | Alternative Names | Glycated chitosan with indocyanine green | 
        
      | Adjuvant VO ID | VO_0005767 | 
        
      | Description | A self-assembled nanoparticle composed of amphiphilic glycated chitosan (GC) and indocyanine green (ICG), used for photo-immunotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Acts as a “Trojan Horse” for tumor cell uptake and immune activation | 
        
      | Stage of Development | Research | 
        
      | Host Species for Testing | Mouse | 
        
      | Components | Herein, we employed glycated chitosan (GC), a polysaccharide macromolecular immunoadjuvant, to construct a self-assembly GC@ICG nanoparticle which is accessible to tumor cells for synergistic cancer treatment based on the combination of phototherapy and immunotherapy. | 
        
      | Structure | Nanoparticles (~208 nm), spherical, amphiphilic polymer with 5β-cholanic acid-modified GC encapsulating ICG | 
        
      | Appearance | Spherical particles; good dispersion and uniformity under SEM | 
        
      | Storage | Stored in deionized water; stable for at least 10 days across pH 5.5–7.4 | 
        
      | Preparation | Synthesized via EDC/NHS-mediated coupling of 5β-cholanic acid to GC, followed by sonication with ICG and purification via centrifugation and dialysis | 
        
      | Dosage | ICG: 20 µg/mL; GC: 1% in 100 µL i.v. injection; treated tumors irradiated with 808 nm laser at 0.8 W/cm² for 10 min | 
        
      | Function | effective treatment methods are urgently needed to control primary tumors and suppress distant tumors. Herein, we employed glycated chitosan (GC), a polysaccharide macromolecular immunoadjuvant, to construct a self-assembly GC@ICG nanoparticle which is accessible to tumor cells for synergistic cancer treatment based on the combination of phototherapy and immunotherapy | 
        
      | Safety | Well-tolerated, no death or weight loss observed; no systemic toxicity within 7 days post-treatment | 
    	
	
	  | References | Wu et al., 2022: Wu J, Wang S, Liu S, Liu F, Zhou F. Immunoadjuvant Nanoparticles as Trojan Horses for Enhanced Photo-Immunotherapy in the Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Frontiers in pharmacology. 2022; 13; 883428. [PubMed: 35600886]. |