Platycodin D |
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Vaxjo ID |
267 |
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Vaccine Adjuvant Name |
Platycodin D |
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Adjuvant VO ID |
VO_0005754
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Description |
PD is a saponin monomer that enhances both humoral and cellular immunity. It elicits Th1/Th2 responses and demonstrates caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis as part of its adjuvant mechanism. |
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Stage of Development |
Research |
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Host Species for Testing |
Mouse |
|
Components |
Platycodin D (PD) is a potent adjuvant with dual Th1 and Th2 potentiating activity |
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Structure |
Molecular formula: C₅₇H₉₂O₂₈ |
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Molecular Weight |
1225.34 g/mol |
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Appearance |
Purified powder (purity >99% via HPLC); appearance not explicitly stated but likely white powder (typical of purified saponins) |
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Preparation |
Intramuscular injection of 50 µg PD in 50 µL PBS Administered alone or mixed with 10 µg OVA antigen Also tested with inhibitors for pathway validation |
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Dosage |
50 µg PD per injection in mice Co-administered with 10 µg OVA |
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Function |
PD induced a transient cytotoxicity and inflammatory response in the C2C12 cells and in mouse quadricep muscles. A comparative analysis of microarray data revealed that PD induced similar gene expression profiles in the C2C12 cells and in the quadricep muscles, and triggered rapid regulation of death, immune, and inflammation-related genes, both in vivo and in vitro. |
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Safety |
Relatively safe in mice |
| References |
Zhu et al., 2022: Zhu L, Han Z, He Y, Sun H. Caspase-1-Dependent Pyroptosis Mediates Adjuvant Activity of Platycodin D as an Adjuvant for Intramuscular Vaccines. Cells. 2022; 11(1); . [PubMed: 35011696].
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