PhotothermalPhage |
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Vaxjo ID |
252 |
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Vaccine Adjuvant Name |
PhotothermalPhage |
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Adjuvant VO ID |
VO_0005676
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Description |
A virus-like particle (VLP) derived from bacteriophage Qβ, chemically conjugated with croconium near-infrared dyes. It serves as both a photothermal therapy agent and an immunological adjuvant, enhancing tumor ablation and immune activation upon NIR laser irradiation |
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Stage of Development |
Research |
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Host Species for Testing |
Mouse |
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Components |
Virus-like particles (VLPs) are multifunctional nanocarriers that mimic the architecture of viruses |
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Structure |
30 nm icosahedral VLP composed of 180 Qβ coat proteins Conjugated with ~212 croconium dye molecules per VLP Functionalized via NHS ester–lysine coupling |
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Appearance |
Dark blue-to-black colored solution or suspension (due to croconium dye) |
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Preparation |
Expression of Qβ in endotoxin-free E. coli Chemical synthesis of croconium dye NHS ester-based conjugation to Qβ Purification by ultracentrifugation and size-exclusion chromatography |
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Dosage |
Intratumoral injection: 50 μL of PTPhage solution Chromophore concentration: e.g., 30 μg/mL of dye NIR irradiation: 808 nm, 0.18 W/cm², 10 minutes |
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Function |
This system can generate more heat upon 808 nm NIR laser radiation than free dye and possesses a photothermal efficiency comparable to gold nanostructures, yet it is biodegradable and acts as an immunoadjuvant combined with the heat it produces. |
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Safety |
High biocompatibility and safety |
| References |
Shahrivarkevishahi et al., 2021: Shahrivarkevishahi A, Luzuriaga MA, Herbert FC, Tumac AC, Brohlin OR, Wijesundara YH, Adlooru AV, Benjamin C, Lee H, Parsamian P, Gadhvi J, De Nisco NJ, Gassensmith JJ. PhotothermalPhage: A Virus-Based Photothermal Therapeutic Agent. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 2021; 143(40); 16428-16438. [PubMed: 34551259].
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