|
|
AS04 |
|
Vaxjo ID |
25 |
|
Vaccine Adjuvant Name |
AS04 |
|
Adjuvant VO ID |
VO_0001265
|
|
Description |
AS04 is a combination of alum and the Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) derivative Monophosphoryl Lipid A (MPL) (McKee et al., 2007). |
|
Stage of Development |
Licensed |
|
Location Licensed |
USA |
|
Host Species for Testing |
Human |
|
Components |
AS04 combines 50 μg of the immunoenhancer MPL (3-O-desacyl-4′-monophosphoryl lipid A) with 500 μg of aluminium salt (Garçon et al., 2011). |
|
Function |
Type: combination vaccine adjuvant. Target Receptor: Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Induces Th1-biased immune profile. The rapid and transient stimulation instigated by AS04 allows antigen-presenting cells to process and present antigens at a time when the vaccine antigen concentration is high (Garçon et al., 2011). nhances both humoral (Th2) and cellular (Th1) immune responses. MPL engages TLR4 signaling and activates the NF-?B pathway, driving the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines that recruit immune cells, while alum provides a depot effect and amplifies antigen presentation. |
| Related Vaccine(s) |
|
| References |
Chen et al., 2023: Chen S, Pounraj S, Sivakumaran N, Kakkanat A, Sam G, Kabir MT, Rehm BHA. Precision-engineering of subunit vaccine particles for prevention of infectious diseases. Frontiers in immunology. 2023; 14; 1131057. [PubMed: 36817419].
Garçon et al., 2011: Garçon N, Segal L, Tavares F, Van Mechelen M. The safety evaluation of adjuvants during vaccine development: The AS04 experience. Vaccine. 2011; ; . [PubMed: 21527299].
McKee et al., 2007: McKee AS, Munks MW, Marrack P. How do adjuvants work? Important considerations for new generation adjuvants. Immunity. 2007; 27(5); 687-690. [PubMed: 18031690].
Sharma et al., 2019: Sharma M, Krammer F, García-Sastre A, Tripathi S. Moving from Empirical to Rational Vaccine Design in the 'Omics' Era. Vaccines. 2019; 7(3); . [PubMed: 31416125].
|
|
