|  | 
  
    
    
      | 
          α-galactosylceramide         |  
      | Vaxjo ID | 227 |  
      | Vaccine Adjuvant Name | α-galactosylceramide |  
      | Adjuvant VO ID | VO_0005757 |  
      | Description | A glycolipid that activates invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells by binding CD1d on APCs, enhancing humoral and cellular immune responses |  
      | Stage of Development | Research |  
      | Host Species for Testing | Mouse |  
      | Structure | Glycolipid with ceramide backbone and α-linked galactose |  
      | Molecular Weight | ~859.27 g/mol |  
      | Preparation | Dissolved in vehicle (e.g., polysorbate or PBS), administered subcutaneously or intravenously with antigens |  
      | Dosage | 1–4 μg per mouse subcutaneously, co-administered with antigen |  
      | Function | we used a murine Clostridioides difficile immunization and challenge model to evaluate Alum (Alhydrogel™), α-galactosylceramide (α-GC), and one of its analogs 7DW8-5 singly and in combination as vaccine adjuvants. |  
      | Safety | Well-tolerated alone; combination with Alum can cause transient hepatotoxicity (reversible ALT elevation) |  
	  | References | Lang et al., 2021: Lang GA, Norman K, Amadou Amani S, Shadid TM, Ballard JD, Lang ML. Use of a Clostridioides difficile Murine Immunization and Challenge Model to Evaluate Single and Combination Vaccine Adjuvants Consisting of Alum and NKT Cell-Activating Ligands. Frontiers in immunology. 2021; 12; 818734. [PubMed: 35095921]. |  |