|
|
Vaccine Comparison
|
Inactivated C. jejuni whole-cell (CWC) |
inactivated ETEC expressing expressing CFA/I and CFA/II |
| Vaccine Information |
Vaccine Information |
- Vaccine Name: Inactivated C. jejuni whole-cell (CWC)
- Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0004100
- Type: Inactivated or "killed" vaccine
- Antigen: inactivated whole-cell Campylobacter jejuni (CWC)
- Adjuvant:
- VO ID: VO_0001322
- Description: 25 mg of a mucosal adjuvant, the heat-labile enterotoxin of Escherichia coli (LT) has been used (Baqar et al., 1995b).
- Preparation: The CWC vaccine is prepared from the 81-176 strain of C. jejuni and consists of a 1:1 mixture of heat (60 C, 60 min)- and formalin (0.02 M)-inactivated Campylobacter whole cells. Each vaccination group receives oral doses of CWC vaccine containing bacterial cells alone or in combination with 25 mg of LT. Just prior to vaccination, gastric acidity is neutralized by 2 doses of a 5% NaHCO3 solution (pH 8.5) with a 15-min interval (Baqar et al., 1995b).
- Virulence: Volunteers given the CWC vaccine have similar IgA-ASC and sIgA responses and in vitro induction of IFN to Campylobacter antigens (Walker, 2005).
- Description: Whole-cell vaccine formulations deserve further evaluation as candidate vaccines and the potential value of mucosal adjuvants, like LT, in enteric vaccine development are not in doubt (Baqar et al., 1995).
|
- Vaccine Name: inactivated ETEC expressing expressing CFA/I and CFA/II
- Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0000502
- Type: Inactivated or "killed" vaccine
- Antigen: The antigen used in this vaccine was ETEC bacteria expressing fimbrial colonization factor antigens I and II (CFA/I and CFA/II) (Wennerås et al., 1992).
- Adjuvant:
- VO ID: VO_0001242
- Description: cholera toxin B subunit (CTB). However, it was found that CTB did not function as a mucosal adjuvant, since CFA-specific ASC responses were not enhanced by the simultaneous administration of CTB (Wennerås et al., 1992).
- Preparation: Each vaccine consisted of 10^11 formalin-killed ETEC bacteria expressing CFA/I and CFA/II (CS1, CS2, and CS3). The following strains were used: an ST-positive 078:H12 strain expressing CFA/I, a toxin-negative 0139:H28 strain expressing CS1, and an ST-positive 06:H16 strain expressing CS2 and CS3 The strains were grown under conditions leading to a high level of expression of the different CFAs, and thereafter the organisms were killed by mild formalin treatment, preserving 50 to 100% of the CFA activity. The inactivated bacteria were mixed to give a total of 10^11 formalin-killed E. coli bacteria in 4 ml of phosphate-buffered saline, corresponding to one vaccine dose. The CFA/I proteins used in the vaccine were purified from a flagellum-deficient mutant of strain H10407 by homogenization with a blender followed by ammonium sulfate fractionation and negative diethylaminoethyl-Sephadex column chromatography. Purified CFA/II (CS1 plus CS3) protein was prepared from strain E1392-75 by homogenization followed by salt precipitation and column chromatography (Wennerås et al., 1992).
|
| References |
References |
Baqar et al., 1995b: Baqar S, Applebee LA, Bourgeois AL. Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a prototype Campylobacter killed whole-cell vaccine in mice. Infection and immunity. 1995 Sep; 63(9); 3731-5. [PubMed: 7642317].
Walker, 2005: Walker RI. Considerations for development of whole cell bacterial vaccines to prevent diarrheal diseases in children in developing countries. Vaccine. 2005 May 16; 23(26); 3369-85. [PubMed: 15837361].
|
Wennerås et al., 1992: Wennerås C, Svennerholm AM, Ahrén C, Czerkinsky C. Antibody-secreting cells in human peripheral blood after oral immunization with an inactivated enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli vaccine. Infection and immunity. 1992; 60(7); 2605-2611. [PubMed: 1612730].
|
|
