VIOLIN Logo
VO Banner
Search: for Help
Vaxjo Home
Introduction
Statistics
News and Updates
Vaxjo Query
Selected Adjuvants
adamantylamide dipeptide vaccine adjuvant
aluminum hydroxide vaccine adjuvant
alhydrogel vaccine adjuvant
Data Submission
Data Exchange
Data Download
Documentation
FAQs
Disclaimer
Contact Us
UMMS Logo

Vaccine Comparison

dVV-L live TC-83 VEE Vaccine with DHEA
Vaccine Information Vaccine Information
  • Vaccine Name: dVV-L
  • Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0004094
  • Type: Live, attenuated vaccine
  • p53 gene engineering:
    • Type: Protein
    • Description: Tumor suppressor protein p53, a nuclear protein, plays an essential role in the regulation of cell cycle, specifically in the transition from G0 to G1. It is found in very low levels in normal cells; however, in a variety of transformed cell lines, it is expressed in high amounts and is believed to contribute to transformation and malignancy. p53 is a DNA-binding protein containing DNA-binding, oligomerization, and transcription activation domains. It is postulated to bind as a tetramer to a p53-binding site and activate expression of downstream genes that inhibit growth and/or invasion and thus function as a tumor suppressor. Mutants of p53 that frequently occur in a number of different human cancers fail to bind the consensus DNA binding site and hence cause the loss of tumor suppressor activity. Alterations of the TP53 gene occur not only as somatic mutations in human malignancies, but also as germline mutations in some cancer-prone families with Li-Fraumeni syndrome (Ober et al., 2002).
    • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
  • Adjuvant:
    • VO ID: VO_0000139
    • Description: Complete Freund's adjuvant is used during innoculation, followed by a boost in incomplete Freund's adjuvant (Ober et al., 2002)
  • Adjuvant:
    • VO ID: VO_0000142
    • Description: Complete Freund's adjuvant is used during innoculation, followed by a boost in incomplete Freund's adjuvant (Ober et al., 2002)
  • Preparation: This vaccine strain was created from the Lister strain by deleting a gene necessary to encode the UDG enzyme, which is essential for a complete cycle of viral replication (Parrino et al., 2006).
  • Virulence: The vaccinia virus strain NYVAC was genetically attenuated by deletion of many nonessential genes, including virulence and host range genes, resulting in a strain growing only in primary cells. Passaging in mammalian cells increases virulence in mammals, resulting in new MVA-like strains with unknown safety profiles in humans. The resulting viruses grow exclusively in a complementing permanent cell line, excluding reversion to virulence and obviating the need for primary cells. The WR strain is a vaccinia virus laboratory strain passaged in mouse brain that has unfavorable properties, such as neurovirulence and gonadotropism, not suitable for clinical use. The large deletions characteristic for MVA seemed to suggest that the restriction in host range and virulence was mainly due to these deletions, including the loss of a host range gene and many immune modulatory genes. It will be interesting to see whether an MVA strain first adapted to growth in mammalian cells and then passaged in mouse brain also regains virulence. In contrast to MVA, dVVs with an essential gene deleted cannot regain replication and virulence functions upon passaging in a chosen host. Reversion to virulence can principally be excluded because the vector lacks an essential gene, which restricts its host range to a complementing cell line (Ober et al., 2002).
  • Description: dVV-L has been evaluated as a poxvirus vaccine. One great advantage of this approach is that the attenuated virus can be manufactured in a cell line that complements the uracil-DNA-glycosylase (UDG) deficiency, rather than in primary cells or eggs as is often needed for other replication-defective viruses, resulting in an improved safety profile and increased capacity for rapid production (Parrino et al., 2006).
  • Vaccine Name: live TC-83 VEE Vaccine with DHEA
  • Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0004261
  • Type: Live, attenuated vaccine
  • Status: Research
  • Adjuvant:
    • VO ID: VO_0001340
    • Description: DHEA (Sigma Chemical Co., St. Louis, MO, U.S.A.) was dissolved in 50% ethanol. Mice were injected with DHEA (10 mg/Kg), in 0.3 mL, subcutaneously (s.c.), 4 hours before vaccination (Negrette et al., 2001).
  • Immunization Route: Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.)
References References
Ober et al., 2002: Ober BT, Bruhl P, Schmidt M, Wieser V, Gritschenberger W, Coulibaly S, Savidis-Dacho H, Gerencer M, Falkner FG. Immunogenicity and safety of defective vaccinia virus lister: comparison with modified vaccinia virus Ankara. Journal of virology. 2002 Aug; 76(15); 7713-23. [PubMed: 12097585].
Parrino et al., 2006: Parrino J, Graham BS. Smallpox vaccines: Past, present, and future. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 2006 Dec; 118(6); 1320-6. [PubMed: 17157663 ].