Feline leukemia virus 11768 Feline leukemia virus infection Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) is a retrovirus that infects cats. As a retrovirus, FeLV is transmitted as an RNA virus but the RNA is reverse transcribed into DNA. Retroviruses contradict the Central dogma of molecular biology. FeLV is usually transmitted between infected cats when the transfer of saliva or nasal secretions is involved. If not defeated by the animal’s immune system, the virus can be lethal. The disease caused by this virus is a form of cancer of blood cells called lymphocytes (a leukemia). Cats infected with FeLV can serve as sources of infection. Cats pass the virus between themselves through saliva and close contact, by biting another cat, through a litter box or food dish used by an infected cat (rarely happens), and from milk during nursing. Transmission can also take place from an infected mother cat to her kittens, either before they are born or while they are nursing. The signs and symptoms of infection with feline leukemia virus are quite varied and include loss of appetite, poor coat condition, infections of the skin, bladder and respiratory tract, oral disease, seizures, lymphadenopathy (swollen lymph nodes), skin lesions, fatigue, fever, weight loss, stomatitis, gingivitis, litter box avoidance, pancytopenia, poor grooming, reoccurring bacterial and viral illnesses, anaemia, diarrhoea, and jaundice (Wiki: Feline leukemia virus). Baboon Papio cynocephalus 9556 Bank vole Clethrionomys glareolus 447135 Bear Ursus americanus 9643 Birds Passeroidea 175121 Brown Trout Salmo trutta 8032 Buffalo Bison bison 9901 Carnivores Vulpes 9625 Cat Felis catus 9685 Catfishes Siluriformes 7995 Cattle Bos taurus 9913 Chicken Gallus gallus 9031 Chimpanzee Pan troglodytes 9598 chinchillas Chinchillidae 10150 Copper Pheasant Syrmaticus soemmerringii 9067 Deer Cervus elaphus 9860 Deer mouse Peromyscus maniculatus 10042 Dog Canis familiaris 9615 Ducks Anas 8835 Ferret Mustela putorius furo 9669 Fish Hyperotreti 117565 Gerbil Gerbillina 10045 Goat Capra hircus 9925 Gray wolf Canis lupus 9612 Guinea pig Cavia porcellus 10141 Hamster Mesocricetus auratus 10036 Horse Equus caballus 9796 Human Homo sapiens 9606 Macaque Macaca fascicularis 9541 Mongolian Gerbil Meriones unguiculatus 10047 Monkey Platyrrhini 9479 Mouse Mus musculus 10090 None None Parrot Psittacidae 9224 Pig Sus scrofa 9823 Rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus 9986 Rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss 8022 Rat Rattus 10114 Raven Corvus corax 56781 sei whale Balaenoptera borealis 9768 Sheep Ovis aries 9940 Squirrel Spermophilus richardsonii 37591 Tree shrew Tupaiidae 9393 Trouts, salmons & chars Salmoninae 504568 Turkey Meleagris gallopavo 9103 Vole Microtus ochrogaster 79684 Water buffalo Bubalus bubalis 391902 ALVAC-FL- env/gag VO_0004740 Recombinant vector vaccine Research Intramuscular injection (i.m.) Two ALVAC (canarypox virus)-based recombinant viruses expressing the feline leukemia virus (FeLV) subgroup A env and gag genes (Tartaglia et al., 1993). Intramuscular injection (i.m.) Recombinant vector construction Two ALVAC (canarypox virus)-based recombinant viruses expressing the feline leukemia virus (FeLV) subgroup A env and gag genes were assessed for their protective efficacy in cats. Both recombinant viruses contained the entire gag gene. ALVAC-FL also expressed the entire envelope glycoprotein, while ALVAC-FL(dl IS) expressed an env-specific gene product deleted of the putative immunosuppressive region (Tartaglia et al., 1993). Recombinant protein preparation Two ALVAC (canarypox virus)-based recombinant viruses expressing the feline leukemia virus (FeLV) subgroup A env and gag genes were assessed for their protective efficacy in cats. Both recombinant viruses contained the entire gag gene. ALVAC-FL also expressed the entire envelope glycoprotein, while ALVAC-FL(dl IS) expressed an env-specific gene product deleted of the putative immunosuppressive region (Tartaglia et al., 1993). Cats were vaccinated with ALVAC-FL(dI IS) or ALVAC-FL, consisting of two subcutaneous inoculations of 10^8 PFU at 5 and 2 weeks prior to challenge (Tartaglia et al., 1993). VO_0003057 Although only 50% of the cats vaccinated with ALVAC-FL(dl IS) were protected against persistent viremia after oronasal exposure to a homologous FeLV isolate, all cats administered ALVAC-FL resisted the challenge exposure. Significantly, protection was afforded in the absence of detectable FeLV-neutralizing antibodies (Tartaglia et al., 1993). All cats were challenged by oronasal administration of 2 x 10^6 FFU of FeLV-A/Glasgow-1 isolate to simulate natural transmission (Tartaglia et al., 1993). EURIFEL FeLV EURIFEL FeLV Merial VO_0000918 Recombinant vector vaccine Licensed Canarypox virus Intramuscular injection (i.m.) Canarypox virus-vectored vaccine Intramuscular injection (i.m.) Recombinant protein preparation Canarypox-based recombinant vaccine that expresses the FeLV env and gag protective genes (Poulet et al., 2003) Recombinant protein preparation Canarypox-based recombinant vaccine that expresses the FeLV env and gag protective genes (Poulet et al., 2003) The vaccine, (EURIFEL FeLV; Merial) that expresses the FeLV env and gag protective genes, is effective against any oronasal FeLV challenge. The protection was shown to be solid against an oronasal challenge one year after the initial vaccination, and was effective against a very severe 'in-contact' challenge (Poulet et al., 2003). Oronasal FeLV challenge Feline Immunodeficiency-Leukemia Virus Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 15D5.R0) Wyeth VO_0001841 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Feline Leukemia Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1555.20) Intervet Inc. VO_0001545 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Feline Leukemia Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1555.21) Pfizer, Inc. VO_0001546 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Feline Leukemia Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1555.22 Pfizer, Inc. Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Feline Leukemia Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1555.R1) Wyeth VO_0001548 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Feline Leukemia Live Canarypox Vector Vaccine (USDA: 1555.R3) Merial, Inc. VO_0001549 Live vaccine Licensed USA Feline Leukemia-Chlamydia Psittaci Killed Virus, Killed Chlamydia Vaccine (USDA: 1A69.20) Wyeth VO_0001842 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Feline Leukemia-Rhinotracheitis-Calici-Panleukopenia Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 15B5.20) Wyeth VO_0001843 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Feline Leukemia-Rhinotracheitis-Calici-Panleukopenia Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 15B5.21) Wyeth VO_0001844 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Feline Leukemia-Rhinotracheitis-Calici-Panleukopenia Modified Live & Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 15B9.20) Intervet Inc. VO_0001845 Live, attenuated vaccine; Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Feline Leukemia-Rhinotracheitis-Calici-Panleukopenia Modified Live & Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 15B9.21) Wyeth VO_0001846 Live, attenuated vaccine; Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Feline Leukemia-Rhinotracheitis-Calici-Panleukopenia-Chlamydia Psittaci Killed Virus, Killed Chlamydia Vaccine (USDA: 1559.20) Wyeth VO_0001847 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Feline Leukemia-Rhinotracheitis-Calici-Panleukopenia-Chlamydia Psittaci Killed Virus, Killed Chlamydia Vaccine (USDA: 1559.23) Wyeth VO_0001848 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Feline Leukemia-Rhinotracheitis-Calici-Panleukopenia-Chlamydia Psittaci Modified Live & Killed Virus, Killed Chlamydia Vaccine (USDA: 1559.2C) Wyeth VO_0001849 Live, attenuated vaccine; Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Feline Leukemia-Rhinotracheitis-Calici-Panleukopenia-Chlamydia Psittaci Modified Live & Killed Virus, Modified Live Chlamydia Vaccine (USDA: 1559.2B) Intervet Inc. VO_0001850 Live, attenuated vaccine; Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA FeLV DNA vaccine gag/pol and env VO_0004492 DNA vaccine Research pUSE1- is a mammalian expression vector derived from the vector pCI-neo (Promega) [Ref2429:Hanlon et al., 2001] Intramuscular injection (i.m.) IL-12, IL-18 (Hanlon et al., 2001) Intramuscular injection (i.m.) DNA vaccine construction Vector pUSE1 expressed two separate pUSE12 series constructs, one expressing FeLV gag/pol genes and the other expressing the FeLV subgroup A env gene (Hanlon et al., 2001). VO_0000286 The vaccine consisting of FeLV DNA with the IL-12 and IL-18 genes conferred significant immunity, protecting completely against transient and persistent viremia, and in five of six kittens protecting against latent infection (Hanlon et al., 2001). env from FeLV-A/Glasgow Feline leukemia virus 546071 CDD:278837 11768 ? gp70 8.86 47116.53 602 ENV polyprotein (coat polyprotein); pfam00429 >AAB30310.1 gp70=envelope protein {endogenous provirus} [feline leukemia virus FeLV, Glasgow-1 islolate, host=cat lymphoid tissues, Peptide, 445 aa] MESPTHPKPSKDKTLSWNLAFLVGILFTIDIGMANPSPHQIYNVTWVITNVQTNTQANATSMLGTLTDAY PTLHVDLCDLVGDTWEPIVLNPTNVKHGARYSSSKYGCKTTDRKKQQQTYPFYVCPGHAPSLGPKGTHCG GAQDGFCAAWGCETTGETWWKPTSSWDYITVKRGSSQDNSCEGKCNPLVLQFTQKGRQASWDGPKMWGLR LYRTGYDPIALFTVSRQVSTITPPQAMGPNLVLPDQKPPSRQSQTGSKVATQRPQTNESAPRSVAPTTMG PKRIGTGDRLINLVQGTYLALNATDPNKTKDCWLCLVSRPPYYEGIAILGNYSNQTNPPPSCLSIPQHKL TISEVSGQGLCIGTVPKTHQALCNKTQQGHTGAHYLAAPNGTYWACNTGLTPCISMAVLNWTSDFCVLIE LWPRVTYHQPEYVYTHFAKAVRFRR Protective antigen Env from strain FRA Feline leukemia virus VO_0011068 1491868 9630709 FeLVgp2 AF052723 NP_047256 11768 5987 7915 ? Env polyprotein 8.36 67586.88 642 >NC_001940.1:5987-7915 Feline leukemia virus, complete genome GATGGAAAGTCCAACGCACCCAAAACCCTCTAAAGATAAGACTCTCTCGTGGAACTTAGCGTTTCTGGTG GGGATCTTATTCACAATAGACATAGGAATGGCCAATCCTAGTCCACACCAAATATATAATGTAACTTGGG TAATAACCAATATGCAAACTAACACCCAAGCTAATGCCACCTCTATGTTAGGAACCTTAACCGATGCCTA CCCTACCCTACATGTTGACCTATGTGACCTAGTGGGAGACACCTGGGAACCTATAGTCCTAGATCCAACC AATGTAAAACACGGGGCACGTTACTCCTCCTCAAAGTATGGATGTAAAACTACAGATAGAAAAAAACAGC AACAAACATACCCCTTTTACGTCTGCCCCGGACATGCCCCCTCGCTGGGGCCAAAGGGAACACATTGTGG AGGGGCACAAGATGGGTTTTGTGCCGCATGGGGATGTGAGACCACCGGAGAAGCTTGGTGGAAGCCCTCC TCCTCATGGGACTATATCACAGTAAAAAGAGGGAGTAGTCAGGACAATAGCTGTGAGGGAAAATGCAACC CCCTGATTTTGCAGTTCACCCAGAAGGGAAGACAAGCCTCTTGGGACGGACCTAAGATATGGGGATTGCG ACTATACCGTACAGGATATGACCCTATCGCCTTATTCACGGTGTCCCGGCAGGTGTCAGCCATTACGCCG CCTCAGGCAATGGGACCAAACCTAGTCTTACCTGATCAAAAACCCCCATCCAGACAATCCCAAACAGGGT CCAAAGTGGCGACCCAGAGGCTCCAAACGACTGAAAGCGCCCCAAGGTCTGTTGCCCCCACCACCGTGGG TCCCAAACGGATTGGGACCGGAGATAGGTTAATAAATTTAGTACAAGGGACATACCTAGCCTTAAATGCC ACCGACCCCAACAAAACTAAAGACTGTTGGCTCTGCCTGGTTTCTCGACCACCCTATTACGAAGGGATTG CAATCTTAGGTAACTACAGCAACCAAACAAACCCCCCCCCATCCTGCCTATCTACTCCGCAACACAAACT GACCATATCTGAAGTATCAGGGCAAGGACTGTGCATAGGGACTGTTCCTAAGACCCACCAGGCTTTGTGC AATGAGACACAACAGGGACATACAGGGGCGCACTATCTAGCCGCCCCCAATGGCGCCTATTGGGCCTGTA ACACTGGACTCACCCCATGCATTTCCATGGCGGTGCTCAATTGGACCTCTGATTTTTGTGTCTTAATCGA ATTATGGCCCAGAGTGACTTACCATCAACCCGAATATGTGTACACACATTTTGCCAAAGCTGTCAGGTTC CGAAGAGAACCAATATCACTAACTGTTGCCCTCATGTTGGGAGGACTCACTGTAGGGGGCATAGCCGCGG GGGTCGGAACAGGGACTAAAGCCCTCCTTGAAACAGCCCAGTTCAGACAACTACAAATGGCCATGCACAC AGACATCCAGGCCCTAGAAGAGTCAATTAGTGCCTTAGAAAAGTCCCTGACCTCCCTTTCTGAAGTAGTC TTACAAAACAGACGGGGCCTAGATATTCTATTCTTACAAGAGGGAGGGCTCTGTGCCGCATTAAAAGAAG AATGTTGCTTCTATGCGGATCACACCGGACTCGTCCGAGACAATATGGCTAAATTGAGAGAAAGACTAAA ACAGCGGCAACAACTGTTTGACTCCCAACAGGGATGGTTTGAAGGATGGTTCAACAAGTCCCCCTGGTTC ACAACCTTAATTTCCTCCATTATGGGCCCCTTACTAATCCTACTCCTAATTCTCCTCTTCGGCCCATGCA TCCTTAACAGATTAGTACAATTCGTAAAAGACAGAATATCTGTGGTACAAGCCTTAATTTTAACCCAACA GTACCAACAGATAAAGCAATACGATCCGGACCGACCATG >NP_047256.1 Env polyprotein [Feline leukemia virus] MESPTHPKPSKDKTLSWNLAFLVGILFTIDIGMANPSPHQIYNVTWVITNMQTNTQANATSMLGTLTDAY PTLHVDLCDLVGDTWEPIVLDPTNVKHGARYSSSKYGCKTTDRKKQQQTYPFYVCPGHAPSLGPKGTHCG GAQDGFCAAWGCETTGEAWWKPSSSWDYITVKRGSSQDNSCEGKCNPLILQFTQKGRQASWDGPKIWGLR LYRTGYDPIALFTVSRQVSAITPPQAMGPNLVLPDQKPPSRQSQTGSKVATQRLQTTESAPRSVAPTTVG PKRIGTGDRLINLVQGTYLALNATDPNKTKDCWLCLVSRPPYYEGIAILGNYSNQTNPPPSCLSTPQHKL TISEVSGQGLCIGTVPKTHQALCNETQQGHTGAHYLAAPNGAYWACNTGLTPCISMAVLNWTSDFCVLIE LWPRVTYHQPEYVYTHFAKAVRFRREPISLTVALMLGGLTVGGIAAGVGTGTKALLETAQFRQLQMAMHT DIQALEESISALEKSLTSLSEVVLQNRRGLDILFLQEGGLCAALKEECCFYADHTGLVRDNMAKLRERLK QRQQLFDSQQGWFEGWFNKSPWFTTLISSIMGPLLILLLILLFGPCILNRLVQFVKDRISVVQALILTQQ YQQIKQYDPDRP Protective antigen Study describes experiments which demonstrate that the vaccine, (EURIFEL FeLV; Merial) that expresses the FeLV env and gag protective genes, is effective against any oronasal FeLV challenge. The protection was shown to be solid against an oronasal challenge one year after the initial vaccination, and was effective against a very severe 'in-contact' challenge [Ref1083:Poulet et al., 2003]. gag Feline leukemia virus VO_0011069 323916 CDD:307339 CDD:307969 CDD:197667 11768 ? gag-p15 polyprotein 8.84 55430.88 555 serogroup: B >AAA43055.1 gag [Feline leukemia virus] MGQTVTTPLSLTLDHWSEVRARAHNQGVEVRKKKWITLCEAEWVMMNVGWPREGTFSLDNISQVEKKIFA PGPHGHPDQVPYITTWRSLATDPPSWVRPFLPPPKPPTPLPQPLSPQPSAPLTSSLYPVVPKPDPPKPPV LPPDPSSPLIDLLTEEPPPYPGGHGPPPSGPRTPAASPIASRLRERRENPAEESQALPLREGPNNRPQYW PFSASDLYNWKSHNPPFSQDPVALTNLIESILVTHQPTWDDCQQLLQALLTGEERQRVLLEARKQVPGED GRPTQLPNVIDETFPLTRPNWDFATPAGREHLRLYRQLLLAGLRGAARRPTNLAQVKQVVQGKEETPAAF LERLKEAYRMYTPYDPEDPGQAASVILSFIYQSSPDIRNKLQRLEGLQGFTLSDLLKEAEKIYNKRETPE EREERLWQRQEERDKKRHKEMTKVLATVVAQNRDKDREENKLGDQRKIPLGKDQCAYCKEKGHWVRDCPK RPRKKPANSTLLNLED Protective antigen The vaccine, (EURIFEL FeLV; Merial) that expresses the FeLV env and gag protective genes, is effective against any oronasal FeLV challenge. The protection was shown to be solid against an oronasal challenge one year after the initial vaccination, and was effective against a very severe 'in-contact' challenge [Ref1083:Poulet et al., 2003]. Clark et al., 1991 journal Clark N, Kushner NN, Barrett CB, Kensil CR, Salsbury D, Cotter S 1991 199 10 1433-1443 Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association Hanlon et al., 2001 journal Hanlon L, Argyle D, Bain D, Nicolson L, Dunham S, Golder MC, McDonald M, McGillivray C, Jarrett O, Neil JC, Onions DE 2001 75 18 8424-8433 Journal of virology Marciani et al., 1991 journal Marciani DJ, Kensil CR, Beltz GA, Hung CH, Cronier J, Aubert A 1991 9 2 89-96 Vaccine Poulet et al., 2003 journal Poulet H, Brunet S, Boularand C, Guiot AL, Leroy V, Tartaglia J, Minke J, Audonnet JC, Desmettre P 2003 153 5 141-145 The Veterinary record Tartaglia et al., 1993 journal Tartaglia J, Jarrett O, Neil JC, Desmettre P, Paoletti E 1993 67 4 2370-2375 Journal of virology Wiki: Feline leukemia virus website http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feline_leukemia_virus