Newcastle disease virus 11176 Newcastle disease Domestic and wild birds are affected by Newcastle virus, Amazon parrots are can be asymptomatic carriers of the disease (Wiki: Newcastle disease). Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is a negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus. Transmission occurs by exposure to faecal and other excretions from infected birds, and through contact with contaminated feed, water, equipment and clothing. NDV strains can be categorised as velogenic (highly virulent), mesogenic (intermediate virulence) or lentogenic (nonvirulent). Velogenic strains produce severe nervous and respiratory signs, spread rapidly and cause up to 90% mortality. Mesogenic strains cause coughing, affect egg quality and production and result in up to 10% mortality. Lentogenic strains produce mild signs with negligible mortality. In 1999, promising results were reported using an attenuated strain of the Newcastle virus codenamed MTH-68 in cancer patients. Newcastle disease is a contagious bird disease affecting many domestic and wild avian species. Its effects are most notable in domestic poultry due to their high susceptibility and the potential for severe impacts of an epidemic on the poultry industries. It is endemic to many countries (Wiki: Newcastle disease). Baboon Papio cynocephalus 9556 Bank vole Clethrionomys glareolus 447135 Bear Ursus americanus 9643 Birds Passeroidea 175121 Brown Trout Salmo trutta 8032 Buffalo Bison bison 9901 Carnivores Vulpes 9625 Cat Felis catus 9685 Catfishes Siluriformes 7995 Cattle Bos taurus 9913 Chicken Gallus gallus 9031 Chimpanzee Pan troglodytes 9598 chinchillas Chinchillidae 10150 Copper Pheasant Syrmaticus soemmerringii 9067 Deer Cervus elaphus 9860 Deer mouse Peromyscus maniculatus 10042 Dog Canis familiaris 9615 Ducks Anas 8835 Ferret Mustela putorius furo 9669 Fish Hyperotreti 117565 Gerbil Gerbillina 10045 Goat Capra hircus 9925 Gray wolf Canis lupus 9612 Guinea pig Cavia porcellus 10141 Hamster Mesocricetus auratus 10036 Horse Equus caballus 9796 Human Homo sapiens 9606 Macaque Macaca fascicularis 9541 Mongolian Gerbil Meriones unguiculatus 10047 Monkey Platyrrhini 9479 Mouse Mus musculus 10090 None None Parrot Psittacidae 9224 Pig Sus scrofa 9823 Rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus 9986 Rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss 8022 Rat Rattus 10114 Raven Corvus corax 56781 sei whale Balaenoptera borealis 9768 Sheep Ovis aries 9940 Squirrel Spermophilus richardsonii 37591 Tree shrew Tupaiidae 9393 Trouts, salmons & chars Salmoninae 504568 Turkey Meleagris gallopavo 9103 Vole Microtus ochrogaster 79684 Water buffalo Bubalus bubalis 391902 Bursal Disease-Newcastle Disease Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 12G5.10) Wyeth VO_0002065 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Bursal Disease-Newcastle Disease Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 12G5.11) Intervet Inc. VO_0002066 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Bursal Disease-Newcastle Disease Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 12G5.43) Lohmann Animal Health International, Biomune Company VO_0002068 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Bursal Disease-Newcastle Disease Standard & Variant, Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 12G5.42) Intervet Inc., Biomune Company VO_0002067 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Bursal Disease-Newcastle Disease-Bronchitis B1 Type, B1 Strain, Mass & Ark Types, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 12H1.4M) Merial, Inc. VO_0002069 Live vaccine Licensed USA Bursal Disease-Newcastle Disease-Bronchitis B1 Type, B1 Strain, Mass & Ark Types, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 12H1.67) Merial, Inc. VO_0002070 Live vaccine Licensed USA Bursal Disease-Newcastle Disease-Bronchitis Mass Type, Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 12J5.40) Wyeth VO_0002071 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Bursal Disease-Newcastle Disease-Bronchitis Mass Type, Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 12J5.43) Lohmann Animal Health International VO_0002072 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Bursal Disease-Newcastle Disease-Bronchitis Mass Type, Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 12J5.62) Biomune Company VO_0002074 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Bursal Disease-Newcastle Disease-Bronchitis Standard & Variant, Mass & Ark Types, Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 12D5.45) Lohmann Animal Health International, Merial, Inc. VO_0002060 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Bursal Disease-Newcastle Disease-Bronchitis Standard & Variant, Mass Type, Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 12J5.61) Intervet Inc., Biomune Company VO_0002073 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Bursal Disease-Newcastle Disease-Bronchitis-Reovirus Standard & Variant, Mass Type, Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 12M5.00) Lohmann Animal Health International, Biomune Company VO_0002075 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Bursal Disease-Newcastle Disease-Bronchitis-Reovirus Standard & Variant, Mass Type, Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 12M5.01) Intervet Inc., Lohmann Animal Health International, Biomune Company VO_0002076 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Bursal Disease-Newcastle Disease-Bronchitis-Reovirus Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 12M5.40) Wyeth VO_0002078 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Bursal Disease-Newcastle Disease-Bronchitis-Reovirus Mass Type, Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 12M5.11) Intervet Inc. VO_0002077 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Bursal Disease-Newcastle Disease-Bronchitis-Reovirus Mass Type, Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 12M5.43) Lohmann Animal Health International VO_0002081 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Bursal Disease-Newcastle Disease-Bronchitis-Reovirus Mass Type, Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 12M5.50) Biomune Company VO_0002082 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Bursal Disease-Newcastle Disease-Bronchitis-Reovirus Mass Type, Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 12M5.90) Wyeth, Lohmann Animal Health International VO_0002083 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Bursal Disease-Newcastle Disease-Bronchitis-Reovirus Mass Type, Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 12M5.91) Wyeth, Lohmann Animal Health International VO_0002084 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Bursal Disease-Newcastle Disease-Bronchitis-Reovirus Standard & Variant, Mass & Ark Types, Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 12M5.41) Lohmann Animal Health International, Merial, Inc. VO_0002079 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Bursal Disease-Newcastle Disease-Bronchitis-Reovirus Standard & Variant, Mass & Ark Types, Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 12M5.42) Lohmann Animal Health International VO_0002080 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Bursal Disease-Newcastle Disease-Bronchitis-Reovirus Standard & Variant, Mass Type, Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 12M5.E0) Biomune Company VO_0002085 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Bursal Disease-Newcastle Disease-Reovirus Standard & Variant, Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 12P5.40) Merial, Inc. VO_0002086 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Bursal Disease-Newcastle Disease-Reovirus Standard & Variant, Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 12P5.41) Intervet Inc., Biomune Company VO_0002087 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Bursal Disease-Newcastle Disease-Reovirus Standard & Variant, Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 12P5.E0) Biomune Company VO_0002088 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA HVT-ND VO_0004632 Recombinant vector vaccine Research [Ref3087:Esaki et al., 2013] Intramuscular injection (i.m.) A turkey herpesvirus vector Newcastle disease vaccine (HVT/ND) expressing the fusion gene of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) (Esaki et al., 2013). Intramuscular injection (i.m.) Recombinant vector construction A turkey herpesvirus vector Newcastle disease vaccine (HVT/ND) expressing the fusion gene of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) (Esaki et al., 2013). Chickens were vaccinated by the in ovo route to 18-day-old embryos or by the subcutaneous route to 1-day-old chicks (Esaki et al., 2013). VO_0003057 Partial protection was observed at 3 weeks of age, when 6 out of 10 (60%) chickens were protected. Full protection was obtained at 4 and 5 weeks of age, when 9 out of 10 (90%) and 10 out of 10 (100%) chickens were protected, respectively. Finally, protection against challenge with virulent Texas GB strain at 19 weeks of age was evaluated in commercial female layer chickens vaccinated at 1 day of age with HVT/ND. All of the vaccinated chickens were protected, while all of the challenge controls succumbed to the challenge (Esaki et al., 2013). Challenge was conducted using a low-virulence NDV strain (genotype II; pathotype lentogenic) via the respiratory tract each week between 1 and 5 weeks of age, in order to mimic the situation in areas where virulent NDV strains do not normally exist and low-virulence strains cause mild respiratory symptoms leading to economic losses (Esaki et al., 2013). Marek's Disease-Newcastle Disease Serotype 3, Live Marek's Disease Vector Vaccine (USDA: 16N1.R0) Intervet Inc., Biomune Company VO_0002143 Live vaccine Licensed USA Marek's Disease-Newcastle Disease Serotypes 1 & 2 & 3, Live Virus, Live Marek's Disease Vector Vaccine (USDA: 16N1.R2) Biomune Company VO_0002145 Live vaccine Licensed USA Marek's Disease-Newcastle Disease Serotypes 1 & 3, Live Virus, Live Marek's Disease Vector Vaccine (USDA: 16N1.R1) Biomune Company VO_0002144 Live vaccine Licensed USA Marek's Disease-Newcastle Disease Serotypes 2 & 3, Live Virus & Live Marek's Disease Vector Vaccine (USDA: 17H1.R1) Biomune Company VO_0002182 Live vaccine Licensed USA Marek's Disease-Newcastle Disease Serotypes 2 & 3, Live Virus & Live Marek's Disease Vector Vaccine (USDA: 17H1.R2) Intervet Inc. VO_0002183 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle Disease B1 Type, B1 Strain, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1711.10) Wyeth, Lohmann Animal Health International, Merial, Inc. VO_0001704 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle Disease B1 Type, B1 Strain, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1711.12) Intervet Inc. VO_0001705 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle Disease B1 Type, B1 Strain, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1711.14) Intervet Inc. VO_0001706 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle Disease B1 Type, B1 Strain, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1711.18) Wyeth VO_0001707 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle Disease B1 Type, B1 Strain, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 17A2.10) Merial, Inc. VO_0001708 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle Disease B1 Type, C2 Strain, Live VirusVaccine (USDA: 17B1.10) Intervet Inc. VO_0001709 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle Disease B1 Type, LaSota Strain, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1721.0A) Lohmann Animal Health International VO_0001710 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle Disease B1 Type, LaSota Strain, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1721.10) Wyeth, Lohmann Animal Health International, Biomune Company VO_0001711 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle Disease B1 Type, LaSota Strain, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1721.11) Merial, Inc. VO_0001712 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle Disease B1 Type, LaSota Strain, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1721.15) Intervet Inc. VO_0001713 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle Disease B1 Type, LaSota Strain, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1721.16) Intervet Inc. VO_0001714 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle Disease B1 Type, LaSota Strain, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1721.17) Intervet Inc. VO_0001715 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle Disease Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1705.10) Wyeth, Intervet Inc., Biomune Company VO_0001716 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle Disease Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1705.11) Wyeth, Lohmann Animal Health International VO_0001717 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle Disease Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1705.13) Wyeth VO_0001718 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle Disease Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1705.15) Lohmann Animal Health International VO_0001719 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle Disease VG/GA Strain, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1701.10) Merial, Inc. VO_0001720 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle Disease VG/GA Strain, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 17A2.V1) Merial, Inc. VO_0001721 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle disease virus DNA vaccine pCAGF encoding the F protein VO_0004324 DNA vaccine Research Pcaggs [Ref2160:Sakaguchi et al., 1996] Intramuscular injection (i.m.) Intramuscular injection (i.m.) DNA vaccine construction Vector Pcaggs expressed the Newcastle disease virus Fprotein (NDV-F) (Sakaguchi et al., 1996). VO_0000286 At 9 weeks post-injection, chickens were challenged with the velogenic NDV Sato strain. The chickens that had the antibody against NDV-F from immunization were protected from lethal NDV challenge. The DNA vaccine conferred efficient protection against the disease (Sakaguchi et al., 1996). Newcastle Disease Virus HN Glycoprotein Subunit Vaccine VO_0011552 Subunit vaccine Research Baculovirus [Ref1215:Lee et al., 2008]. Intramuscular injection (i.m.) Montanide Incomplete Seppic Adjuvant (Lee et al., 2008). Intramuscular injection (i.m.) Hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) glycoprotein (Lee et al., 2008). Recombinant protein preparation For vaccination, chickens were inoculated intramuscularly with the Seppic-adjuvanted antigen (Lee et al., 2008). A single dose of rNDHN(V) had a protective effect against mortality (p <0.01) in chickens (Lee et al., 2008). Each group of vaccinated and unvaccinated chickens was challenged with the vvNDV Kr-005/00 strain through an intraocular inoculation with an 10^5.5 EID50 per bird. vvNDV Kr-005/00 was the representative strain of genotype VII, which is the dominant epizootic genotype in Korea. The chickens were kept under observation for 14 days after infection (Lee et al., 2008). Newcastle disease virus vaccine by Dow AgroSciences Dow AgroSciences VO_0011474 Live, attenuated vaccine Licensed Intramuscular injection (i.m.) HN recombinant produced in plant cell lines (registered but not on market)(Meeusen et al., 2007) Intramuscular injection (i.m.) Newcastle Disease-Bronchitis Mass & Ark Types, Killed Virus Vaccine-Salmonella Enteritidis Bacterin (USDA: 48D7.10) Lohmann Animal Health International VO_0002282 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle Disease-Bronchitis Mass & Ark Types, Killed Virus Vaccine-Salmonella Enteritidis Bacterin (USDA: 48D7.11) Lohmann Animal Health International VO_0002283 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle Disease-Fowl Pox Live Fowl Pox Vector Vaccine (USDA: 17C1.R0) Merial, Inc., Biomune Company VO_0002181 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis B1 Type, B1 Strain, Conn Type, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1761.13) Merial, Inc. VO_0002150 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis B1 Type, B1 Strain, Conn Type, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1761.1A) Intervet Inc. VO_0002156 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis B1 Type, B1 Strain, Conn Type, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1762.13) Merial, Inc. VO_0002158 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis B1 Type, B1 Strain, Mass & Ark Types, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1791.1X) Intervet Inc. VO_0002176 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis B1 Type, B1 Strain, Mass & Ark Types, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 17A1.1M) Wyeth, Merial, Inc. VO_0002177 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis B1 Type, B1 Strain, Mass & Ark Types, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 17A1.1N) Intervet Inc. VO_0002178 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis B1 Type, B1 Strain, Mass & Ark Types, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 17A2.1M) Merial, Inc. VO_0002179 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis B1 Type, B1 Strain, Mass & Conn Types, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1761.14) Wyeth, Intervet Inc., Merial, Inc. VO_0002151 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis B1 Type, B1 Strain, Mass & Conn Types, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1761.15) Merial, Inc. VO_0002152 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis B1 Type, B1 Strain, Mass & Conn Types, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1761.17) Lohmann Animal Health International VO_0002153 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis B1 Type, B1 Strain, Mass & Conn Types, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1762.1H) Merial, Inc. VO_0002159 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis B1 Type, B1 Strain, Mass & Conn Types, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1791.14) Intervet Inc. VO_0002173 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis B1 Type, B1 Strain, Mass & Conn Types, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1791.15) Intervet Inc. VO_0002174 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis B1 Type, B1 Strain, Mass Type, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1761.11) Wyeth, Merial, Inc. VO_0002148 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis B1 Type, B1 Strain, Mass Type, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1761.12) Intervet Inc., Lohmann Animal Health International, Merial, Inc. VO_0002149 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis B1 Type, B1 Strain, Mass Type, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1761.18) Wyeth, Intervet Inc. VO_0002154 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis B1 Type, B1 Strain, Mass Type, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1761.19) Intervet Inc. VO_0002155 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis B1 Type, B1 Strain, Mass Type, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1762.11) Merial, Inc. VO_0002157 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis B1 Type, B1 Strain, Mass Type, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1791.19) Intervet Inc. VO_0002175 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis B1 Type, B1 Strain, Mass Type, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1791.1X) Intervet Inc. VO_0002176 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis B1 Type, C2 Strain, Mass & Conn Types, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1XC1.10) Intervet Inc. VO_0002204 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis B1 Type, C2 Strain, Mass Type, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1XB1.10) Intervet Inc. VO_0002203 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis B1 Type, LaSota Strain, Mass & Conn Types Vaccine (USDA: 17B1.17) Intervet Inc. VO_0002180 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis B1 Type, LaSota Strain, Mass & Conn Types, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1771.14) Intervet Inc., Merial, Inc. VO_0002162 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis B1 Type, LaSota Strain, Mass & Conn Types, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1771.17) Merial, Inc. VO_0002163 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis B1 Type, LaSota Strain, Mass Type, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1771.11) Wyeth, Lohmann Animal Health International, Merial, Inc. VO_0002160 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis B1 Type, LaSota Strain, Mass Type, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1771.12) Wyeth, Merial, Inc. VO_0002161 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis B1 Type, LaSota Strain, Mass Type, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1771.18) Intervet Inc., Lohmann Animal Health International VO_0002164 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis B1 Type, LaSota Strain, Mass Type, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1771.19) Intervet Inc. VO_0002165 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis B1 Type, LaSota Strain, Mass Type, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1771.1A) Intervet Inc. VO_0002166 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis Mass & Ark Types, Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1785.10) Lohmann Animal Health International VO_0002170 Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis Mass & Ark Types, Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1785.12) Merial, Inc. VO_0002172 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis Mass Type, Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1775.10) Wyeth, Biomune Company VO_0002167 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis Mass Type, Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1775.11) Intervet Inc. VO_0002168 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis Mass Type, Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1776.10) Wyeth VO_0002169 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis Mass Type, Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1785.11) Lohmann Animal Health International VO_0002171 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis Mass Type, Killed Virus Vaccine-Mycoplasma Gallisepticum Bacterin (USDA: 48B5.10) Lohmann Animal Health International VO_0002275 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis Mass Type, Killed Virus Vaccine-Mycoplasma Gallisepticum Bacterin (USDA: 48B6.10) Wyeth, Intervet Inc. VO_0002276 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis Mass Type, Killed Virus Vaccine-Salmonella Enteritidis Bacterin (USDA: 48D6.10) Wyeth, Intervet Inc., Biomune Company VO_0002281 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis VG/GA Strain, Mass & Conn Types, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 17V1.10) Merial, Inc. VO_0002185 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Bronchitis VG/GA Strain, Mass & Conn Types, Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 17V1.11) Merial, Inc. VO_0002186 Live vaccine Licensed USA Newcastle-Paramyxovirus Type 3, Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 17P5.10) Lohmann Animal Health International VO_0002184 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA rAPMV3-F (newcastle disease) VO_0004684 Recombinant vector vaccine Research Intramuscular injection (i.m.) Recombinant virus, rAPMV3-F generated expressinv the NDV fusion protein (Kumar et al., 2011). Intramuscular injection (i.m.) Recombinant protein preparation Recombinant viruses, rAPMV3-F and rAPMV3-HN, were generated expressing the NDV fusion (F) and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) proteins (Kumar et al., 2011). Recombinant vector construction Recombinant viruses, rAPMV3-F and rAPMV3-HN, were generated expressing the NDV fusion (F) and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) proteins (Kumar et al., 2011). 2-week-old chickens were immunized by the oculonasal route in order to evaluate the contribution of each protein to the induction of NDV-specific neutralizing antibodies and protective immunity (Kumar et al., 2011). VO_0003057 With oculonasal or intramuscular challenge, all three recombinant viruses (rAPMV3, rAPMV3-F, and rAPMV3-HN) were protective, while all unvaccinated birds succumbed to death. However, with intravenous challenge, birds immunized with rAPMV3 were not protected, whereas birds immunized with rAPMV3-F alone or in combination with rAPMV3-HN were completely protected, and birds immunized with rAPMV3-HN alone were partially protected. These results indicate that the NDV F and HN proteins are independent neutralization and protective antigens, but the contribution by F is greater (Kumar et al., 2011). The immunized birds were challenged 21 days after vaccination with virulent NDV via the oculonasal, intramuscular, or intravenous route (Kumar et al., 2011). rFPV-NDV-H/F VO_0004751 Recombinant vector vaccine Research Intramuscular injection (i.m.) (Boursnell et al., 1990) Intramuscular injection (i.m.) Vectormune FP-ND Vectormune FP-ND Biomune VO_0001016 Recombinant vector vaccine Licensed Intramuscular injection (i.m.) Fowlpox virus vectored Intramuscular injection (i.m.) F fusion protein Newcastle disease virus B1 VO_0011208 912271 11545723 NDVgp4 AF309418 NP_071469 3MAW 139270 4497 6278 + fusion protein 8.34 55332.07 553 >NC_002617.1:4497-6278 Newcastle disease virus B1, complete genome CACGGGTAGAAGACTCTGGATCCCGGTTGGCGCCCTCCAGGTGCAGGATGGGCTCCAGACCTTTTACCAA GAACCCAGCACCTATGATGCTGACTATCCGGGTCGCGCTGGTATTGAGTTGCATCTGTCCGGCAAACTCC ATTGATGGCAGGCCTTTTGCAGCTGCAGGAATTGTGGTTACAGGAGACAAAGCAGTCAACATATACACCT CATCCCAGACAGGATCAATCATAGTTAAGCTCCTCCCGAATCTGCCCAAGGATAAGGAGGCATGTGCGAA AGCCCCCTTGGATGCATACAACAGGACATTGACCACTTTGCTCACCCCCCTTGGTGACTCTATCCGTAGG ATACAAGAGTCTGTGACTACATCTGGAGGGGGGAGACAGGGGCGCCTTATAGGCGCCATTATTGGCGGTG TGGCTCTTGGGGTTGCAACTGCCGCACAAATAACAGCGGCCGCAGCTCTGATACAAGCCAAACAAAATGC TGCCAACATCCTCCGACTTAAAGAGAGCATTGCCGCAACCAATGAGGCTGTGCATGAGGTCACTGACGGA TTATCCCAACTAGCAGTGGCAGTTGGGAAGATGCAGCAGTTTGTTAATGACCAATTTAATAAAACAGCTC AGGAATTAGACTGCATAAAAATTGCACAGCAAGTTGGTGTAGAGCTCAACCTGTACCTAACCGAATTGAC TACAGTATTCGGACCACAAATCACTTCACCTGCCTTAAACAAGCTGACTATTCAGGCACTTTACAATCTA GCTGGTGGGAATATGGATTACTTATTGACTAAGTTAGGTATAGGGAACAATCAACTCAGCTCATTAATCG GTAGCGGCTTAATCACCGGTAACCCTATTCTATACGACTCACAGACTCAACTCTTGGGTATACAGGTAAC TCTACCTTCAGTCGGGAACCTAAATAATATGCGTGCCACCTACTTGGAAACCTTATCCGTAAGCACAACC AGGGGATTTGCCTCGGCACTTGTCCCAAAAGTGGTGACACAGGTCGGTTCTGTGATAGAAGAACTTGACA CCTCATACTGTATAGAAACTGACTTAGATTTATATTGTACAAGAATAGTAACGTTCCCTATGTCCCCTGG TATTTACTCCTGCTTGAGCGGCAATACATCGGCCTGTATGTACTCAAAGACCGAAGGCGCACTTACTACA CCATATATGACTATCAAAGGCTCAGTCATCGCTAACTGCAAGATGACAACATGTAGATGTGTAAACCCCC CGGGTATCATATCGCAAAACTATGGAGAAGCCGTGTCTCTAATAGATAAACAATCATGCAATGTTTTATC CTTAGGCGGGATAACTTTAAGGCTCAGTGGGGAATTCGATGTAACTTATCAGAAGAATATCTCAATACAA GATTCTCAAGTAATAATAACAGGCAATCTTGATATCTCAACTGAGCTTGGGAATGTCAACAACTCGATCA GTAATGCTTTGAATAAGTTAGAGGAAAGCAACAGAAAACTAGACAAAGTCAATGTCAAACTGACCAGCAC ATCTGCTCTCATTACCTATATCGTTTTGACTATCATATCTCTTGTTTTTGGTATACTTAGCCTGATTCTA GCATGCTACCTAATGTACAAGCAAAAGGCGCAACAAAAGACCTTATTATGGCTTGGGAATAATACCCTAG ATCAGATGAGAGCCACTACAAAAATGTGAACACAGATGAGGAACGAAGGTTTCCCTAATAGTAATTTGTG TGAAAGTTCTGGTAGTCTGTCAGTTCGGAGAG >NP_071469.1 fusion protein [Newcastle disease virus B1] MGSRPFTKNPAPMMLTIRVALVLSCICPANSIDGRPFAAAGIVVTGDKAVNIYTSSQTGSIIVKLLPNLP KDKEACAKAPLDAYNRTLTTLLTPLGDSIRRIQESVTTSGGGRQGRLIGAIIGGVALGVATAAQITAAAA LIQAKQNAANILRLKESIAATNEAVHEVTDGLSQLAVAVGKMQQFVNDQFNKTAQELDCIKIAQQVGVEL NLYLTELTTVFGPQITSPALNKLTIQALYNLAGGNMDYLLTKLGIGNNQLSSLIGSGLITGNPILYDSQT QLLGIQVTLPSVGNLNNMRATYLETLSVSTTRGFASALVPKVVTQVGSVIEELDTSYCIETDLDLYCTRI VTFPMSPGIYSCLSGNTSACMYSKTEGALTTPYMTIKGSVIANCKMTTCRCVNPPGIISQNYGEAVSLID KQSCNVLSLGGITLRLSGEFDVTYQKNISIQDSQVIITGNLDISTELGNVNNSISNALNKLEESNRKLDK VNVKLTSTSALITYIVLTIISLVFGILSLILACYLMYKQKAQQKTLLWLGNNTLDQMRATTKM Protective antigen A recombinant fowlpox virus expressing the fusion protein of Newcastle disease virus strain F48E8 protected chickens against virulent NDV challenge. The protective rate was 96.7% [Ref1317:Wu et al., 2000]. HN hemagglutinin-neuraminidase Newcastle disease virus B1 VO_0011209 912270 11545724 NDVgp5 AF309418 NP_071470 1USR 139270 6320 8311 + hemagglutinin-neuraminidase 7.24 59257.8 577 >NC_002617.1:6320-8311 Newcastle disease virus B1, complete genome TACGGGTAGAACGGTAAGAGAGGCCGCCCCTCAATTGCGAGCCAGACTTCACAACCTCCGTTCTACCGCT TCACCGACAACAGTCCTCAATCATGGACCGCGCCGTTAGCCAAGTTGCGTTAGAGAATGATGAAAGAGAG GCAAAAAATACATGGCGCTTGATATTCCGGATTGCAATCTTATTCTTAACAGTAGTGACCTTGGCTATAT CTGTAGCCTCCCTTTTATATAGCATGGGGGCTAGCACACCTAGCGATCTTGTAGGCATACCGACTAGGAT TTCCAGGGCAGAAGAAAAGATTACATCTACACTTGGTTCCAATCAAGATGTAGTAGATAGGATATATAAG CAAGTGGCCCTTGAGTCTCCATTGGCATTGTTAAATACTGAGACCACAATTATGAACGCAATAACATCTC TCTCTTATCAGATTAATGGAGCTGCAAACAACAGCGGGTGGGGGGCACCTATTCATGACCCAGATTATAT AGGGGGGATAGGCAAAGAACTCATTGTAGATGATGCTAGTGATGTCACATCATTCTATCCCTCTGCATTT CAAGAACATCTGAATTTTATCCCGGCGCCTACTACAGGATCAGGTTGCACTCGAATACCCTCATTTGACA TGAGTGCTACCCATTACTGCTACACCCATAATGTAATATTGTCTGGATGCAGAGATCACTCACACTCATA TCAGTATTTAGCACTTGGTGTGCTCCGGACATCTGCAACAGGGAGGGTATTCTTTTCTACTCTGCGTTCC ATCAACCTGGACGACACCCAAAATCGGAAGTCTTGCAGTGTGAGTGCAACTCCCCTGGGTTGTGATATGC TGTGCTCGAAAGCCACGGAGACAGAGGAAGAAGATTATAACTCAGCTGTCCCTACGCGGATGGTACATGG GAGGTTAGGGTTCGACGGCCAATATCACGAAAAGGACCTAGATGTCACAACATTATTCGGGGACTGGGTG GCCAACTACCCAGGAGTAGGGGGTGGATCTTTTATTGACAGCCGCGTATGGTTCTCAGTCTACGGAGGGT TAAAACCCAATTCACCCAGTGACACTGTACAGGAAGGGAAATATGTGATATACAAGCGATACAATGACAC ATGCCCAGATGAGCAAGACTACCAGATTCGAATGGCCAAGTCTTCGTATAAGCCTGGACGGTTTGGTGGG AAACGCATACAGCAGGCTATCTTATCTATCAAAGTGTCAACATCCTTAGGCGAAGACCCGGTACTGACTG TACCGCCCAACACAGTCACACTCATGGGGGCCGAAGGCAGAATTCTCACAGTAGGGACATCCCATTTCTT GTATCAGCGAGGGTCATCATACTTCTCTCCCGCGTTATTATATCCTATGACAGTCAGCAACAAAACAGCC ACTCTTCATAGTCCTTATACATTCAATGCCTTCACTCGGCCAGGTAGTATCCCTTGCCAGGCTTCAGCAA GATGCCCCAACTCGTGTGTTACTGGAGTCTATACAGATCCATATCCCCTAATCTTCTATAGAAACCACAC CTTGCGAGGGGTATTCGGGACAATGCTTGATGGTGAACAAGCAAGACTTAACCCTGCGTCTGCAGTATTC GATAGCACATCCCGCAGTCGCATAACTCGAGTGAGTTCAAGCAGCATCAAAGCAGCATACACAACATCAA CTTGTTTTAAAGTGGTCAAGACCAATAAGACCTATTGTCTCAGCATTGCTGAAATATCTAATACTCTCTT CGGAGAATTCAGAATCGTCCCGTTACTAGTTGAGATCCTCAAAGATGACGGGGTTAGAGAAGCCAGGTCT GGCTAGTTGAGTCAACTATGAAAGAGTTGGAAAGATGGCATTGTATCACCTATCTTCTGCGACATCAAGA ATCAAACCGAATGCCGGCGCGTGCTCGAATTCCATGTCGCCAGTTGACCACAATCAGCCAGTGCTCATGC GATCAGATTAAGCCTTGTCAATAGTCTCTTGA >NP_071470.1 hemagglutinin-neuraminidase [Newcastle disease virus B1] MDRAVSQVALENDEREAKNTWRLIFRIAILFLTVVTLAISVASLLYSMGASTPSDLVGIPTRISRAEEKI TSTLGSNQDVVDRIYKQVALESPLALLNTETTIMNAITSLSYQINGAANNSGWGAPIHDPDYIGGIGKEL IVDDASDVTSFYPSAFQEHLNFIPAPTTGSGCTRIPSFDMSATHYCYTHNVILSGCRDHSHSYQYLALGV LRTSATGRVFFSTLRSINLDDTQNRKSCSVSATPLGCDMLCSKATETEEEDYNSAVPTRMVHGRLGFDGQ YHEKDLDVTTLFGDWVANYPGVGGGSFIDSRVWFSVYGGLKPNSPSDTVQEGKYVIYKRYNDTCPDEQDY QIRMAKSSYKPGRFGGKRIQQAILSIKVSTSLGEDPVLTVPPNTVTLMGAEGRILTVGTSHFLYQRGSSY FSPALLYPMTVSNKTATLHSPYTFNAFTRPGSIPCQASARCPNSCVTGVYTDPYPLIFYRNHTLRGVFGT MLDGEQARLNPASAVFDSTSRSRITRVSSSSIKAAYTTSTCFKVVKTNKTYCLSIAEISNTLFGEFRIVP LLVEILKDDGVREARSG Protective antigen Recombinant baculoviruses containing the fusion (F) and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) glycoprotein gene of the viscerotropic velogenic (vv) Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolate, Kr-005/00, and a lentogenic La Sota strain of the NDV were constructed. A single dose of rNDHN(V) had a protective effect against mortality (p <0.01) in chickens [Ref1215:Lee et al., 2008]. 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