Hepatitis B virus 10407 HBV primarily interferes with the functions of the liver by replicating in hepatocytes. HBV virions bind to the host cell via the preS domain of the viral surface antigen, leading to subsequent internalization through endocytosis. HBV-preS specific receptors are primarily expressed on hepatocytes. During HBV infection, the host immune response causes both hepatocellular damage and viral clearance. The innate immune response does not play a significant role in these processes. The adaptive immune response, particularly virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), contributes to most of the liver injury associated with HBV infection. Liver damage is initiated and mediated by the CTLs. Antigen-nonspecific inflammatory cells can worsen CTL-induced immunopathology (Wiki: Hepatitis B). Hepatitis B During HBV infection, the host immune response causes both hepatocellular damage and viral clearance. Although the innate immune response does not play a significant role in these processes, the adaptive immune response, particularly virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), contributes to most of the liver injury associated with HBV infection. By killing infected cells and by producing antiviral cytokines capable of purging HBV from viable hepatocytes, CTLs eliminate the virus. Although liver damage is initiated and mediated by the CTLs, antigen-nonspecific inflammatory cells can worsen CTL-induced immunopathology, and platelets activated at the site of infection may facilitate the accumulation of CTLs in the liver (Wiki: Hepatitis B). Hepatitis B virus infects the liver of apes including humans (Wiki: Hepatitis B). Hepatitis B virus is a DNA virus that infects the liver of hominoidae (including humans) and causes hepatitis. It has caused epidemics in parts of Asia and Africa. About a third of the world's population, more than 2 billion people, have been infected with the hepatitis B virus. The acute illness causes liver inflammation, vomiting, jaundice and - rarely - death. Chronic hepatitis B may eventually cause liver cirrhosis and liver cancer. This disease is preventable by vaccination (Wiki: Hepatitis B). Baboon Papio cynocephalus 9556 Bank vole Clethrionomys glareolus 447135 Bear Ursus americanus 9643 Birds Passeroidea 175121 Brown Trout Salmo trutta 8032 Buffalo Bison bison 9901 Carnivores Vulpes 9625 Cat Felis catus 9685 Catfishes Siluriformes 7995 Cattle Bos taurus 9913 Chicken Gallus gallus 9031 Chimpanzee Pan troglodytes 9598 chinchillas Chinchillidae 10150 Copper Pheasant Syrmaticus soemmerringii 9067 Deer Cervus elaphus 9860 Deer mouse Peromyscus maniculatus 10042 Dog Canis familiaris 9615 Ducks Anas 8835 Ferret Mustela putorius furo 9669 Fish Hyperotreti 117565 Gerbil Gerbillina 10045 Goat Capra hircus 9925 Gray wolf Canis lupus 9612 Guinea pig Cavia porcellus 10141 Hamster Mesocricetus auratus 10036 Horse Equus caballus 9796 Human Homo sapiens 9606 Macaque Macaca fascicularis 9541 Mongolian Gerbil Meriones unguiculatus 10047 Monkey Platyrrhini 9479 Mouse Mus musculus 10090 None None Parrot Psittacidae 9224 Pig Sus scrofa 9823 Rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus 9986 Rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss 8022 Rat Rattus 10114 Raven Corvus corax 56781 sei whale Balaenoptera borealis 9768 Sheep Ovis aries 9940 Squirrel Spermophilus richardsonii 37591 Tree shrew Tupaiidae 9393 Trouts, salmons & chars Salmoninae 504568 Turkey Meleagris gallopavo 9103 Vole Microtus ochrogaster 79684 Water buffalo Bubalus bubalis 391902 COMVAX Haemophilus b Conjugate (Meningococcal Protein Conjugate) and Hepatitis B (Recombinant) Vaccine COMVAX Merck & Co., Inc VO_0000028 Conjugate vaccine Licensed Intramuscular injection (i.m.) USA (License #0002) Store vaccine at 2-8°C (36-46*F). Storage above or belew the recommended temperature may reduce potency. DO NOT FREEZE since freezing destroys potency (FDA COMVAX). Intramuscular injection (i.m.) Duck hepatitis B DNA vaccine pcDNA I-S encoding small S proteins VO_0004353 DNA vaccine Research pcDNA I/Amp [Ref2246:Triyatni et al., 1998] Intramuscular injection (i.m.) Intramuscular injection (i.m.) S protein from DHBV Australian strain (Triyatni et al., 1998) DNA vaccine construction The S-DNA vaccine was able to elicit humoral immune responses against DHBV surface proteins in ducks. In addition, The S-DNA vaccine induced high titers of anti-DHBs antibodies, and anti-S antibodies induced by the S-DNA construct were highly effective in neutralizing virus infectivity. (Triyatni et al., 1998). VO_0000286 Vaccination of ducks with S DNA vaccines prevented the development of viremia following virus challenge. All ducks were challenged with a high-titer dose of DHBV virus. Preincubation of the virus with 5, 10, or, 20 μl of anti-S serum at 37°C for 1 hour prior to i.v. inoculation into 1-day-old ducklings completely prevented the development of viremia during a 4-week observation period in all of the ducks (Triyatni et al., 1998). Engerix-B Hepatitis B Vaccine (Recombinant) Engerix-B GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals VO_0010711 Subunit vaccine Licensed USA (License #1617) ENGERIX-B is a sterile suspension of noninfectious hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) for intramuscular administration. It is manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals. It is licensed for human use in USA (FDA: ENGERIX-B). aluminum hydroxide Store refrigerated between 2° and 8°C (36° and 46°F). Do not freeze. ENGERIX-B contains purified surface antigen of the virus obtained by culturing genetically engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells, which carry the surface antigen gene of the hepatitis B virus. The surface antigen expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells is purified by several physicochemical steps and formulated as a suspension of the antigen adsorbed on aluminum hydroxide. Each 0.5-mL dose contains 10 mcg of hepatitis B surface antigen adsorbed on 0.25 mg aluminum as aluminum hydroxide (FDA: ENGERIX-B). Hepatitis B surface antigen Many clinical trials were conducted on subjects ranging in ages from 6 months old to 65 years. Side Effects of vaccination with ENGERIX-B include: redness, swelling and pain of the injection site, fever, headache and dizziness HBsAg Liposomal MTP-PE Vaccine VO_0004239 Subunit vaccine Research Intramuscular injection (i.m.) Intramuscular injection (i.m.) HBsAg (Jain et al., 2009). The incorporation of MTP-PE on the liposomal HBsAg increased the stimulation index (SI) four to five times as compared to plain HBsAg solution, and it also induced significantly higher Th1 cellular immune response with a predominant IFN-γ level (Jain et al., 2009). Swiss Alum-adsorbed antigen, liposomes (with or without MTP-PE and with or without MDP-GDP) with HBsAg antigen or liposomes (with or without MTP-PE and with or without MDP-GDP) without HBsAg antigen, in a dose equivalent to 10 μg HBsAg were injected intramuscularly and recombinant pure HBsAg was used as control. The immunomodulator doses given with each injection were 20 μg of MTP-PE and 10 μg of MDP-GDP. Secondary immunization was done after 4 weeks with the same formulations (Jain et al., 2009). HBVAXPRO (Sanofi Pasteur MSD Recombinant vector vaccine Licensed Intramuscular injection (i.m.) France HBVAXPRO Is a recombinant vector vaccine with a single adjuvant HBV vaccine with aluminium hydroxyphosphate sulfate administered intramuscularly in the deltoid muscle. (Horta et al., 2022) A single adjuvant HBV vaccine with aluminium hydroxyphosphate sulfate(Horta et al., 2022) Intramuscular injection (i.m.) hepatitis B surface antigen Patients were vaccinated with HBVAXPRO® 40 at 0, 1 and 6 months (Horta et al., 2022). The results of our study show that HBVAXPRO is effective and safe in patients with chronic liver disease. Hepatitis B DNA vaccine pCEA/HBsAg encoding CEA and HBsAg VO_0004359 DNA vaccine Research pcDNA3 [Ref2253:Conry et al., 2002] Intramuscular injection (i.m.) Intramuscular injection (i.m.) DNA vaccine construction Vector pcDNA3 expressed carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) (Conry et al., 2002). CEA-specific antibody and lymphoproliferative responses have been reported after vaccination with an anti-idiotype monoclonal antibody mimicking a portion of the CEA molecule in patients with colorectal carcinoma (Conry et al., 2002). VO_0000286 Repetitive dosing of pCEA/HBsAg induced HBsAg antibodies in 6 of 8 patients, with protective antibody levels achieved in 4 of these patients. (Conry et al., 2002). Hepatitis B DNA vaccine pCMV-HBs encoding HBsAg VO_0004358 DNA vaccine Research pCMV [Ref2251:Davis et al., 1993] Intramuscular injection (i.m.) Intramuscular injection (i.m.) DNA vaccine construction Vector pCMV expressed HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) (Davis et al., 1993). The serum concentration of secreted HBsAg after a one-time injection of DNA was sufficient to induce the production of anti-HBsAg 10 days after injection, and the antibody levels continued to increase for up to at least 60 days. Direct intramuscular injection of the plasmid vector encoding the HBsAg leads to secretion of the viral surface protein into the circulation, in the form of empty particles (Davis et al., 1993). VO_0000286 A level of 10 mlU/ml of anti-HBsAg antibody is recognized as being sufficient in humans to confer protection against natural Hepatitis B virus infection. This level of antibody response was achieved in 68% of mice vaccinated with the vaccine candidate at two weeks after vaccination. By 8 wks, all mice had >100 mIU anti-HBsAg in their sera, suggesting sufficient vaccine efficacy (Davis et al., 1993). Hepatitis B DNA vaccine pCMV-S2.S encoding the HBV(ayw Strain) envelope protein. VO_0004360 DNA vaccine Research pcDNA3 [Ref2256:Davis et al., 1996] Intramuscular injection (i.m.) Intramuscular injection (i.m.) DNA vaccine construction DNA vaccine construction Immunization of chimpanzees with HBsAg-expressing plasmid DNA induced specific anti-HBs antibodies. The higher dose of DNA (2 mg) induced significant titers (>100 mIU/ml) of anti-HBs after the initial injection of DNA. These titers never went below the 10 mIU/ml level considered adequate to confer protection (Davis et al., 1996). VO_0000286 The outcome of challenge with live HBV of the ayw strain was strongly correlated with the anti-HBs titers. Of the eight chimpanzees with a titer >10 mIU/ml, all were protected from infection except for one, which had the lowest anti-HBs titer at 12 mIU/ml. These findings agree closely with the critical protective level of 10 mIU/ml determined for humans by the Centers for Disease Control (Davis et al., 1996). Hepatitis B DNA vaccine PLGA–CTAB–DNA encoding the small envelope gene VO_0004352 DNA vaccine Research pVAX(S), derived from pVAX1 [Ref2244:He et al., 2005] Intramuscular injection (i.m.) PLG/PLGA, CTAB (He et al., 2005) Intramuscular injection (i.m.) DNA vaccine construction Vector pVAX(S) expressed the small envelope gene of HBV (He et al., 2005). PLGA–CTAB–DNA optimizes two key features during antigen presentation, controlled release and targeted delivery, which might be involved in the mechanisms of its augmented immunogenicity and enhanced immunoprotection (He et al., 2005) VO_0000286 Mice immunized with PLGA–CTAB–pVAX(S) (20 μg per mouse) or naked pVAX(S) (100 μg per mouse) after a challenge of transplanted HBsAg-expressing tumor cells showed weak protection efficacy, resulting in a final survival rate of 10% or 20% at week 15. However, mice immunized with PLGA–CTAB–pVAX(S) at the dose of 100 μg per mouse displayed a strong inhibition on tumor formation and a remarkable improvement in final survival rate (60%) (He et al., 2005). Challenge with transplanted HBsAg-expressing tumor cells (He et al., 2005). Hepatitis B DNA vaccine pRc/CMV-HBs(S) encoding HBsAg VO_0004354 DNA vaccine Research pCMV-S [Ref2248:Khatri et al., 2008] intranasal immunization Chitosan (Khatri et al., 2008) intranasal immunization DNA vaccine construction This DNA vaccine expressed the HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) (Khatri et al., 2008). When mice are immunized with recombinant HBsAg, the main type of immune response generated is the antibody response. However, a Th1/CTL response was also elicited, which is important to facilitate eradication of HBV infection and can be utilized for therapeutic immunization of HBV chronic carriers (Khatri et al., 2008). VO_0000286 Nasal administration of nanoparticles resulted in serum anti-HBsAg titre that was less compared to that elicited by naked DNA and alum adsorbed HBsAg, but the mice were seroprotective within 2 weeks and the immunoglobulin level was above the clinically protective level (>10 mIU/ml) suggesting successful generation of systemic immunity. Levels of 1 and 10 mIU/ml are well-established standards for anti-HBs antibody levels in mice and humans, respectively and are considered sufficient to confer protection against the disease (Khatri et al., 2008). Hepatitis B DNA vaccine pS encoding major envelope proteins VO_0004357 DNA vaccine Research pcDNA3 [Ref2250:Chow et al., 1998] Intramuscular injection (i.m.) IL-2 (Chow et al., 1998) Intramuscular injection (i.m.) DNA vaccine construction Vector pcDNA3 expressed HBV major envelope proteins (Chow et al., 1998). Coexpression of IL-2 and hepatitis B virus HBV^3 envelope protein within the same plasmid vector resulted in a dramatic increase in its ability to induce humoral and cellular immune responses to HBsAg. Also, the IL-2 adjuvant activity helps the HBV DNA vaccine elicit high anti-HBs titers in animals that usually fail to respond to rHBsAg vaccination (Chow et al., 1998) VO_0000286 Four of five mice immunized with pS + pcDNA3 and challenged with CT26/S showed an inhibition of tumor growth. The protective efficacy was dramatically increased when the IL-12 gene was coinjected with plasmid pS because tumor growth was significantly suppressed, and two of five mice remained tumor free up to 60 days following tumor challenge (Chow et al., 1998). Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) with JVRS-1000 VO_0004260 Subunit vaccine Research Intramuscular injection (i.m.) Intramuscular injection (i.m.) Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) (Morrey et al., 2011). JVRS-100 combined with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) broke tolerance by stimulating significant B and T cell responses. The combination of HBsAg + JVRS-100 elicited a T cell response as indicated by increased levels of IFN-γ in splenocyte cell-culture supernatant (Morrey et al., 2011). C57BL/6 HBV transgenic mice were vaccinated with HBsAg (i.m., 5 μg), or HBsAg plus JVRS-100 (i.v., 10 μg) in female C57BL/6 mice (>6 weeks). Animals were treated on days 1, 22, and 43 (Morrey et al., 2011). Hepatitis B virus DNA vaccine encoding HBVgp2 pre-S1/pre-S2/S VO_0011411 DNA vaccine Research pCI expression vector (Promega, Charbonières, France) Intramuscular injection (i.m.) Intramuscular injection (i.m.) Hepatitis B virus HBVgp2 pre-S1/pre-S2/S DNA vaccine construction The pCI expression vector (Promega, Charbonières, France) was used to clone the entire DHBV large envelope gene into Not I polylinker site leading to the pCI-preS/S plasmid [5] and the DHBV core gene leading to pCI-C plasmid (Thermet, submitted). The pCI-preS/S, pCI-C and the native pCI plasmids were purified by Endotoxin Free Giga prep (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) (Thermet et al., 2003). Pekin Four-week-old ducks received intramuscular (i.m.) injections of 100–300 μg of plasmid DNA diluted in NaCl 0.9%. The birds were injected in three sites (anterior quadriceps of both legs and breast), and booster doses were given 3 weeks later at the same sites (Thermet et al., 2003). Immunisation with a plasmid encoding the DHBV large (L) envelope protein (HBVgp2 pre-S1/pre-S2/S) induced a strong, specific, highly neutralising and long-lasting anti-preS humoral response in uninfected ducks. Importantly, maternal antibodies elicited by such DNA immunisation were vertically transmitted and protected progeny against viral challenge (Thermet et al., 2003). Progeny ducklings received a high titre DHBV challenge and the viremia was followed by quantitative dot blot hybridisation for each animal during 17 days (Thermet et al., 2003). Hepatitis B virus DNA vaccine pVAX-PS VO_0011404 DNA vaccine Research Plasmid vector pVAX1 Intramuscular injection (i.m.) Intramuscular injection (i.m.) Hepatitis B virus preS2 middle surface protein DNA vaccine construction pVAXPS was constructed by inserting the gene encoding the middle (pre-S2 plus S) envelope protein of HBV into a plasmid vector pVAX1 (Zhou et al., 2003). Sixty adult tree shrews purchased from the Kunming Animal Institute were randomly divided into four groups and immunized twice at 2-week intervals with the DNA vaccine by i.m. injection of 100 mg of pVAX-PS or pVAX1 in a volume of 100 ml in bilateral quadriceps (Zhou et al., 2003). The immunological protection of pVAX-PS, a DNA vaccine, was assessed in the tree shrews model. pVAX-PS was constructed by inserting the gene encoding the middle (pre-S2 plus S) envelope protein of HBV into a plasmid vector pVAX1. Results indicated that pVAX-PS immunization could induce remarkable humoral immune response and prevent the experimental tree shrews from infection of HBV (Zhou et al., 2003). Two weeks after the second DNA immunization, tree shrews in two groups (immunized with pVAX-PS and pVAX1, respectively) were challenged through the caudal vein with 0.8 ml of the patient’s serum positive for the HBV marker (Zhou et al., 2003). Hepatitis B virus X protein mutant vaccine VO_0002969 Live, attenuated vaccine Research Intrahepatic immunization Intrahepatic immunization Gene mutation .This X protein is from Hepatitis B virus (Zhang et al., 2001). An X protein mutant is attenuated in woodchucks (Zhang et al., 2001). An X protein mutant induces significant protection in woodchucks from challenge with wild type Hepatitis B virus (Zhang et al., 2001). Infanrix-hexa Combined diphtheria and tetanus toxoids, acellular pertussis, hepatitis B (recombinant), inactivated poliomyelitis and adsorbed conjugated Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine Infanrix-hexa GlaxoSmithKline VO_0010719 Subunit vaccine + Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed Intramuscular injection (i.m.) Canada Products: Proteins + killed viruses + conjugate. Other components: Yeast protein Formaldehyde, Lactose, Polysorbate 20 and 80. Aluminum phosphate and aluminum hydroxide Should be stored at 2° to 8°C (35° to 46°F). Intramuscular injection (i.m.) licensed Hepatitis B human vaccine Generic Unknown VO_0000644 Subunit vaccine Licensed A generic representation of vaccines used to prevent Hepatitis B infection in humans, typically consisting of purified Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) produced via recombinant DNA technology. These vaccines do not contain live virus and are highly effective in inducing protective immunity. Pediarix Diphtheria and Tetanus Toxoids and Acellular Pertussis Adsorbed, Hepatitis B (Recombinant) and Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine Combined Pediarix GlaxoSmithKline VO_0000082 Subunit vaccine + Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed Intramuscular injection (i.m.) USA (License #1617), Canada Products: Proteins + killed virus. Other components: Yeast protein Formaldehyde, Polysorbate 80. Aluminum Hydroxide The vaccine should be refrigerated between 2º and 8ºC (36º and 46ºF). Do not freeze. Intramuscular injection (i.m.) recombinant S gene Hepatitis B Vaccine with rIFN-gamma VO_0004251 Subunit vaccine Research Intramuscular injection (i.m.) Intramuscular injection (i.m.) Recombinant S gene of hepatitis B (Quiroga et al., 1990). The titers of anti-HBs achieved among patients who received vaccine and rIFN-gamma were higher than among those receiving the vaccine alone (Quiroga et al., 1990). 81 adult white hemodialysis patients (46 men, 35 women aged 19-65 yrs) with no serological evidence of immunity to hepatitis B were used in the study. Patients were randomly allocated to one of two groups. Group I comprised 41 patients who recieved 40μg of recombinant (S gene) hepatitis B vaccine by i.m. injection and 0,1, and 6 months. Group II comprised 40 patients who received 40 μg of recombinant (S gene) hepatitis B vaccine given intramuscularly with 2 million units (MU) of rIFN-gamma/m^2 body surface given subcutaneously at 0,1, and 6 months (Quiroga et al., 1990). Recombivax HB Hepatitis B Vaccine (Recombinant) Recombivax HB Merck & Co, Inc VO_0010737 Subunit vaccine Licensed USA (License #0002) Aluminum hydroxide Store vials and syringes at 2-8°C (36-46°F). Do not freeze. RECOMBIVAX HB is a sterile suspension for intramuscular injection. It is a non-infectious subunit viral vaccine derived from hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) produced in yeast cells. A portion of the hepatitis B virus gene, coding for HBsAg, is cloned into yeast, and the vaccine for hepatitis B is produced from cultures of this recombinant yeast strain according to methods developed in the Merck Research Laboratories. The antigen is harvested and purified from fermentation cultures of a recombinant strain of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae containing the gene for the adw subtype of HBsAg (Merck: Recombivax HB). Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) produced in yeast cells. Side effects included: pain, redness and swelling of the injection site, fatigue, fever, headache and nausea. Twinrix Hepatitis A Inactivated & Hepatitis B (Recombinant) Vaccine Twinrix GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals VO_0000113 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed Intramuscular injection (i.m.) USA (License #1617), Canada TWINRIX should be refrigerated between 2° and 8° C (36° and 46° F). Do not freeze. TWINRIX is a sterile suspension of inactivated hepatitis A virus (strain HM175) propagated in MRC-5 cells, and combined with purified surface antigen of the hepatitis B virus. Intramuscular injection (i.m.) In clinical trials, it has been found that combining the hepatitis A antigen with the hepatitis B surface antigen in TWINRIX resulted in comparable anti-HAV or anti-HBsAg titers, relative to vaccination with the individual monovalent vaccines or the concomitant administration of each vaccine in opposite arms (FDA: TWINRIX). Side effects of immunization included: redness, itching and swelling of the injection site, headache and fatigue. Severe adverse effects were limited and resolved in a timely matter. Twinrix Junior Combined hepatitis A and hepatitis B vaccine Twinrix Junior GlaxoSmithKline VO_0010743 Subunit vaccine + Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed Intramuscular injection (i.m.) Canada Products: Recombinant protein + killed virus. Other components: Yeast protein Formaldehyde, Polysorbate 20. between 2° and 8° C (36° and 46° F). Do not freeze. Intramuscular injection (i.m.) envelope Hepatitis B virus VO_0011094 113207330 CDD:279085 GOA:Q0KG42 InterPro:IPR000349 UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q0KG42 10407 ? preS2 middle surface protein 8.04 30292.77 348 sub-genotype: A3 >CAJ75787.1 preS2 middle surface protein [Hepatitis B virus] MQWNSTAFHQALQDPRVRGLYFPAGGSSSGTVSPVPNIASHISSISSRTGDPAPTMENITSGFLGPLLVL QAGFFLLTRILTIPQSLDSWWTSLNFLGGSPVCLGQNSQSPTSNHSPTSCPPICPGYRWMCLRRFIIFLF ILLLCLIFLLVLLDYQGMLPVCPLIPGSTTTSTGPCRTCTTPAQGNSMFPSCCCTKPTDGNCTCIPIPSS WAFAKYLWEWASVRFSWLSLLVPFVQWFVGLSPTVWLSAIWMMWYWGPSLYNILSPFIPLLPIFFCLWVY I Protective antigen The immunological protection of pVAX-PS, a DNA vaccine, was assessed in the tree shrews model. pVAX-PS was constructed by inserting the gene encoding the middle (pre-S2 plus S) envelope protein of HBV into a plasmid vector pVAX1. Results indicated that pVAX-PS immunization could induce remarkable humoral immune response and prevent the experimental tree shrews from infection of HBV [Ref1106:Zhou et al., 2003]. Envelope proteins Hepatitis B virus 1510158 CDD:109739 10407 ? envelope proteins 281 Major surface antigen from hepadnavirus; pfam00695 >gi|1510158|dbj|BAA00944.1| envelope proteins [Hepatitis B virus] MQWNSTTFHQALLDPRVRGLYFPAGGSSSGTVNPVPTTASPISSIFSRTGDPAPNMESTTSGFLGPLLVL QAGFFLLTRILTIPQSLDSWWTSLNFLGGAPTCPGQNSQSPTSNHSPTSCPPICPGYRWMCLRRFIIFLF ILLLCLIFLLVLLDYQGMLPVCPLLPGTSTTSTGPCKTCTIPAQGTSMFPSCCCTKPSDRNCTCIPIPSS WAFARFLWEWASVRFSWLNLLVPFVQWFAGLSPTVWLSVIWMMWYWGPSLYNILSPFLPLLPIFFCLWVY I Other HbS Hepatitis B virus 15384573 CDD:109739 10407 ? HBs antigen 159 isolated from serum >gi|15384573|gb|AAK96425.1|AF360978_1 HBs antigen [Hepatitis B virus] GTTVCLGQNSQSPTSNHSPTSCPPTCPGYRWMCLRRFIIFLFILLLCLIFLLVLLDYQGMLPVCPLIPGS STTSTGPCRTCTTPAQGTSMYPSCCCTKPSDGNCTCIPIPSSWAFGKFLWEWASARFSWLSLLVPFVQWF VGLSPTVWLSVIWMMWYWG Other HBVgp3 X protein Hepatitis B virus 944566 21326587 HBVgp3 X04615 NP_647606 10407 1373 1837 + X protein 8.34 15417.45 154 >gi|21326584:1373-1837 Hepatitis B virus, complete genome CATGGCTGCTAGGCTGTGCTGCCAACTGGATCCTGCGCGGGACGTCCTTTGTCTACGTCCCGTCGGCGCT GAATCCCGCGGACGACCCGTCTCGGGGCCGTTTGGGCCTCTACCGTCCCCTTCTTCATCTGCCGTTCCGG CCGACCACGGGGCGCACCTCTCTTTACGCGGTCTCCCCGTCTGTGCCTTCTCATCTGCCGGACCGTGTGC ACTTCGCTTCACCTCTGCACGTAGCATGGAGACCACCGTGAACGCCCACCAGGTCTTGCCCAAGGTCTTA CACAAGAGGACTCTTGGACTCTCAGCAATGTCAACGACCGACCTTGAGGCATACTTCAAAGACTGTTTGT TTAAAGACTGGGAGGAGTTGGGGGAGGAGATTAGGTTAAAGGTCTTTGTACTAGGAGGCTGTAGGCATAA ATTGGTCTGTTCACCAGCACCATGCAACTTTTTCCCCTCTGCCTA >gi|21326587|ref|NP_647606.1| X protein [Hepatitis B virus] MAARLCCQLDPARDVLCLRPVGAESRGRPVSGPFGPLPSPSSSAVPADHGAHLSLRGLPVCAFSSAGPCA LRFTSARSMETTVNAHQVLPKVLHKRTLGLSAMSTTDLEAYFKDCLFKDWEELGEEIRLKVFVLGGCRHK LVCSPAPCNFFPSA Virmugen Researchers generated a series of woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV) X mutants. Woodchucks inoculated with X mutants, including those with no serologic evidence of infection, were protected from later challenge with infectious Woodchuck Hepatitis Virus, suggesting previous infection with resulting protective immunity [Ref1307:Zhang et al., 2001]. PreS2+S (Middle protein) Hepatitis B virus strain ayw 71794216 CDD:279085 10407 ? 8.03 30302.9 343 Major surface antigen from hepadnavirus; pfam00695 >CAJ21096.1 unnamed protein product [Hepatitis B virus] MQWNSTTFHQTLQDPRVRGLYFPAGGSSSGTVNPVLTTASPLSSIFSRIGDPALNMENITSGFLGPLLVL QAGFFLLTRILTIPQSLDSWWTSLNFLGGTTVCLGQNSQSPTSNHSPTSCPPTCPGYRWMCLRRFIIFLF ILLLCLIFLLVLLDYQGMLPVCPLIPGSSTTSTGPCRTCMTTAQGTSMYPSCCCTKPSDGNCTCIPIPSS WAFGKFLWEWASARFSWLSLLVPFVQWFVGLSPTVWLSVIWMMWYWGPSLYSILSPFLPLLPIFFCLWVY I Protective antigen S Hepatitis B virus subtype adr 267364 CDD:279085 31513 ? Small envelope protein 8.05 27882.11 425 S glycoprotein; S-HBsAg; Small S protein; Small surface protein; SHB >sp|P30019.1|HBSAG_HBVC6 RecName: Full=Small envelope protein; AltName: Full=S glycoprotein; AltName: Full=S-HBsAg; Short=SHB; AltName: Full=Small S protein; AltName: Full=Small surface protein MENTASGFLGPLLVLQAGFFLLTRILTIPQSLDSWWTSLNFLGGAPTCPGQNSQSPTSNHSPTSCPPICP GYRWMCLRRFIIFLFILLLCLIFLLVLLDYHGMLPVCPLLPGTSTTSTGPCKTCTIPAQGTSMFPSCCCT KPSDGNCTCIPIPSSWAFARFLWEWASVRFSWLSLLVPFVQWFVGLSPTVWLSVIWMMWYWGPSLYNILS PFLPLLPIFFCLWVYI Protective antigen S Duck hepatitis B virus strain GD3 44829150 CDD:279085 12639 ? S protein 8.85 18126.11 218 Major surface antigen from hepadnavirus; pfam00695 >AAS47829.1 S protein [Duck hepatitis B virus] MSGTFGGILAGLIGLLVSFFLLIKILEILRRLDWWWISLSSPKGKMQCAFQETGAQTSPHYVGSCPWGCP GFLWTYLRLFIIFLLILLVAAGLLYLTDNGSTILGKLQWASVSALFSSISSLLPSDQKSLVALMFGLLLI WMTSSSATQTLVTLTQLATLSALFYKS Protective antigen S Hepatitis B virus strain ayw 461940451 CDD:279085 10407 ? small S protein 7.86 24765.13 279 genotype: B >AGH20418.1 small S protein [Hepatitis B virus] MENISSGLLGPLLVLQAGFFLLTKILTIPQSLDSWWTSLNFLGGTPVCLGQNSQSQISSHSPTCCPPTCP GYRWMCLRRFIIFLCILLLCLIFLLVLLDYQGMLPVCPLIPGSSTTSTGPCRTCTTPAQGTSLFPSCCCT KPTDGNCTCIPIPSSWAFAKYLWEWASVRFSWLSLLVPFVQWFVGHSPTVWLSVIWMMWFWGPSLYNILS PFIPLLPIFFCLWVYI Protective antigen S Duck hepatitis B virus isolate CH6 169116569 CDD:279085 12639 ? large S protein 8.31 39801.32 427 Major surface antigen from hepadnavirus; pfam00695 >ACA42588.1 large S protein [Duck hepatitis B virus] MKQESFISGYLNIWSHLKVSLIIGNSNTLSINITFMMGQHPAKSMDVRRIEGGEILLNQLAGRMIPKGTL TWSGKFPTLDHVLDHVQTMEEINTLQNQGAWPAGAGRRVGLSNPTPQEIPQPQWTPEEDQKAREAFRRYQ EERPPETTTIPPSSPPQWKLQPGDDPLLGNQSLLETHPLYQYTEPEPAVPVIKTPPLKKKMSGTFGGILA GLIGLLVSFFLLIKILEILRRLDWWWISLSSPKGKMQCAFQDTGAQISPHYVGSCPWGCPGFLWTYLRLF IIFLLILLVAAGLLYLTDNGSTILGKLQWASVSALFSSISSLLPSDPKSLVALTFGLSLIWMTSSSATQT LVTLTQLVTLSALFYKS Protective antigen Chen et al., 2011 journal Chen JH, Yu YS, Liu HH, Chen XH, Xi M, Zang GQ, Tang ZH 2011 11 8 620-628 Hepatitis monthly Chow et al., 1998 journal Chow YH, Chiang BL, Lee YL, Chi WK, Lin WC, Chen YT, Tao MH 1998 160 3 1320-1329 Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) Conry et al., 2002 journal Conry RM, Curiel DT, Strong TV, Moore SE, Allen KO, Barlow DL, Shaw DR, LoBuglio AF 2002 8 9 2782-2787 Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research Davis et al., 1993 journal Davis HL, Michel ML, Whalen RG 1993 2 11 1847-1851 Human molecular genetics Davis et al., 1996 journal Davis HL, McCluskie MJ, Gerin JL, Purcell RH 1996 93 14 7213-7218 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America FDA COMVAX website http://www.fda.gov/downloads/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/ApprovedProducts/UCM109869.pdf FDA: COMVAX website http://www.fda.gov/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/ApprovedProducts/ucm174757.htm FDA: ENGERIX-B website http://www.fda.gov/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/ApprovedProducts/ucm110102.htm FDA: Pediarix website http://www.fda.gov/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/ApprovedProducts/ucm146759.htm FDA: RECOMBIVAX HB website http://www.fda.gov/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/ApprovedProducts/ucm110098.htm FDA: TWINRIX website http://www.fda.gov/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/ApprovedProducts/ucm094035.htm Hwang et al., 2002 journal Hwang YK, Kim NK, Park JM, Lee K, Han WK, Kim HI, Cheong HS 2002 20 31-32 3770-3777 Vaccine Jain et al., 2009 journal Jain V, Vyas SP, Kohli DV 2009 5 3 334-344 Nanomedicine : nanotechnology, biology, and medicine Khatri et al., 2008 journal Khatri K, Goyal AK, Gupta PN, Mishra N, Vyas SP 2008 354 1-2 235-241 International journal of pharmaceutics Kuhröber et al., 1997 journal Kuhröber A, Wild J, Pudollek HP, Chisari FV, Reimann J 1997 9 8 1203-1212 International immunology Kwissa et al., 2003 journal Kwissa M, Kröger A, Hauser H, Reimann J, Schirmbeck R 2003 81 2 91-9101 Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) Merck: Recombivax HB website http://www.merck.com/product/usa/pi_circulars/r/recombivax_hb/recombivax_pi.pdf Morrey et al., 2011 journal Morrey JD, Motter NE, Chang S, Fairman J 2011 90 3 227-230 Antiviral research Payette et al., 2006 journal Payette PJ, Ma X, Weeratna RD, McCluskie MJ, Shapiro M, Engle RE, Davis HL, Purcell RH 2006 49 3 144-151 Intervirology Qing et al., 2010 journal Qing Y, Chen M, Zhao J, Hu H, Xu H, Ling N, Peng M, Ren H 2010 28 26 4301-4307 Vaccine Quiroga et al., 1990 journal Quiroga JA, Castillo I, Porres JC, Casado S, Sáez F, Gracia Martínez M, Gómez M, Inglada L, Sánchez-Sicilia L, Mora A 1990 12 4 Pt 1 661-663 Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 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