rinderpest virus 11241 Baboon Papio cynocephalus 9556 Bank vole Clethrionomys glareolus 447135 Bear Ursus americanus 9643 Birds Passeroidea 175121 Brown Trout Salmo trutta 8032 Buffalo Bison bison 9901 Carnivores Vulpes 9625 Cat Felis catus 9685 Catfishes Siluriformes 7995 Cattle Bos taurus 9913 Chicken Gallus gallus 9031 Chimpanzee Pan troglodytes 9598 chinchillas Chinchillidae 10150 Copper Pheasant Syrmaticus soemmerringii 9067 Deer Cervus elaphus 9860 Deer mouse Peromyscus maniculatus 10042 Dog Canis familiaris 9615 Ducks Anas 8835 Ferret Mustela putorius furo 9669 Fish Hyperotreti 117565 Gerbil Gerbillina 10045 Goat Capra hircus 9925 Gray wolf Canis lupus 9612 Guinea pig Cavia porcellus 10141 Hamster Mesocricetus auratus 10036 Horse Equus caballus 9796 Human Homo sapiens 9606 Macaque Macaca fascicularis 9541 Mongolian Gerbil Meriones unguiculatus 10047 Monkey Platyrrhini 9479 Mouse Mus musculus 10090 None None Parrot Psittacidae 9224 Pig Sus scrofa 9823 Rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus 9986 Rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss 8022 Rat Rattus 10114 Raven Corvus corax 56781 sei whale Balaenoptera borealis 9768 Sheep Ovis aries 9940 Squirrel Spermophilus richardsonii 37591 Tree shrew Tupaiidae 9393 Trouts, salmons & chars Salmoninae 504568 Turkey Meleagris gallopavo 9103 Vole Microtus ochrogaster 79684 Water buffalo Bubalus bubalis 391902 rFP-RPV-H/F VO_0004752 Recombinant vector vaccine Research Intramuscular injection (i.m.) Rinderpest virus (RPV) antigens, expressed in pox virus vectors (Jones et al., 1997). Intramuscular injection (i.m.) Ferrets were inoculated intradermally with recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing the H gene of RPV, the F gene of RPV, the H and F genes of RPV, or fowlpox virus recombinant expressing both genes. Two ferrets were vaccinated s.c. with CDV vaccine as positive controls, and 1 group was left unvaccinated as a negative control (Jones et al., 1997). VO_0003057 Partial protection was seen in all groups, with vRVFH vaccination being the most protective (Jones et al., 1997). The ferrets were challenge exposed with a high dose of CDV (Jones et al., 1997). rLSDV-RPV VO_0004763 Recombinant vector vaccine Research Intramuscular injection (i.m.) Recombinant capripox-rinderpest vaccine (Ngichabe et al., 2002). Intramuscular injection (i.m.) A dose of 10^5.3 TCID50/ml of the recombinant vaccine, determined previously as an effective dose, was injected subcutaneously in the shoulder region of each animal (Ngichabe et al., 2002). VO_0003057 In the case of LSDV, all of 4 vaccinated cattle challenged with virulent LSDV at 2 years were completely protected from clinical disease while 2 of 5 vaccinated cattle were completely protected at 3 years. The recombinant vaccine showed no loss of potency when stored lyophylized at 4 degrees C for up to 1 year (Ngichabe et al., 2002). Two years after vaccination, cattle were challenged with virulent RPV (Ngichabe et al., 2002). RPV ISCOM Vaccine Subunit vaccine Research subcutaneous injection Rinderpest virus (RPV) ISCOM (Immune-stimulating complex) vaccine induces protection in cattle against virulent RPV challenge. (Kamata et al., 2001) The recombinant baculovirus expressed the RPV H protein as a membrane-bound protein in infected Sf21 insect cells and the protein was purified by solubilizing purified cell membranes with octylglycoside. ISCOMs incorporating the RPV H protein were produced according to a standard method. (Kamata et al., 2001) subcutaneous injection H protein (Kamata et al., 2001) Recombinant protein preparation (Kamata et al., 2001) Two of the four cattle developed significant levels of neutralizing antibody after the first vaccination, while after the second vaccination, high levels of neutralizing antibody were present in all four animals. Following challenge, a slight increase in antibody titers was observed in the completely protected cattle, whereas a rapid rise in antibody titer was seen in the partially protected animal. The control cattle remained antibody-negative throughout the experiment. (Kamata et al., 2001) Four Friesian cross Aberdeen Angus calves were inoculated subcutaneously with the ISCOM vaccine containing 100 mg RPV H protein in a volume of 1.0 ml. After 5 or 6 weeks, the cattle received the second vaccination with the ISCOM vaccine incorporating 50 mg RPV H protein. Three cattle were used as unvaccinated controls. (Kamata et al., 2001) The three unvaccinated controls developed severe clinical signs of rinderpest, high fever, severe stomatitis and diarrhea, and were euthanized on either day 9 or 10 following challenge. In contrast, all four vaccinated cattle survived the chal- lenge. Three of the four vaccinated cattle were solidly protected from the disease and showed no clinical signs of infection throughout the experiment. The remaining animal developed a delayed and transient fever and a mild mouth erosion but quickly recovered. (Kamata et al., 2001) All seven animals were challenged with 104TCID50 of virulent Saudi 1/81 strain of RPV at 25 weeks or 15 weeks after the first vaccination. (Kamata et al., 2001) v2RVFH VO_0004813 Recombinant vector vaccine Research Vaccinia virus vector [Ref3354:Verardi et al., 2002] Intramuscular injection (i.m.) The v2RVFH vaccine was prepared by using a recombinant vaccinia virus vaccine to expresses both the fusion (F) and hemagglutinin (H) genes of rinderpest virus (RPV) under strong synthetic vaccinia virus promoters (Verardi et al., 2002). Intramuscular injection (i.m.) Recombinant vector construction The vaccine v2RVFH is a recombinant vector vaccine that expresses two proteins including the F protein from the rinderpest virus (Verardi et al., 2002). Recombinant protein preparation The vaccine v2RVFH is a recombinant vector vaccine that expresses the H protein from a rinderpest virus (Verardi et al., 2002). Intramuscular vaccination of cattle with 10^8 PFU of v2RVFH provided long-term sterilizing immunity against rinderpest (Verardi et al., 2002). Zebu cattle Groups of Zebu cattle (Bos indicus, 2 years old on average) vaccinated intramuscularly (1 ml) with various doses of v2RVFH at the side of the neck. Control groups were also included (Verardi et al., 2002). Cattle vaccinated intramuscularly with as little as 10^3 PFU of v2RVFH and challenged 1 month later with a lethal dose of RPV were completely protected from clinical disease; the 50% protective dose was determined to be 102 PFU. Animals vaccinated with v2RVFH did not develop pock lesions and did not transmit the recombinant vaccinia virus to contact animals (Verardi et al., 2002). The vaccine is highly safe. Animals vaccinated with v2RVFH did not develop pock lesions and did not transmit the recombinant vaccinia virus to contact animals (Verardi et al., 2002). Animals were challenged subcutaneously (1 ml) at the side of the neck with 10^3 to 10^4 TCID50 of the pathogenic Kabete ‘O’ RPV; as little as 1 TCID50 of the virus administered subcutaneously induces clinical rinderpest with 100% mortality in U.S. cattle. Nasal and ocular swabs were taken at 2, 3, 4, and 7 days postchallenge from a group of NVI animals challenged at 4 weeks postvaccination. In addition, prescapular and mesenteric lymph nodes as well as lung, spleen, tonsil, kidney, and heart tissue samples were taken from animals that died following RPV challenge. RPV isolation was attempted from the collected swabs and necropsy samples in primary calf cells (kidney and testis) and Vero cells (Verardi et al., 2002). H protein rinderpest virus YP_087125 CDD:271231 GOA:Q629I1 InterPro:IPR000665 InterPro:IPR011040 UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q629I1 11242 H protein 7.44 64611.9 679 Measles virus hemagglutinin; cd15467 >YP_087125.2 H protein [Rinderpest virus (strain Kabete O)] MSPPRDRVDAYYKDNFQFKNTRVVLNKEQLLIERPCMLLTVLFVMFLSLVGLLAIAGIRLHRAAVNTAKI NNDLTTSIDITKSIEYQVKDVLTPLFKIIGDEVGLRTPQRFTDLTKFISDKIKFLNPDKEYDFRDINWCI NPPERIKIDYDQYCAHTAAEDLITMLVNSSLTGTTVLRTSLVNLGRNCTGPTTTKGQFSNISLTLSGIYS GRGYNISSMITITGKGMYGSTYLVGKYNQRARRPSIVWQQDYRVFEVGIIRELGVGTPVFHMTNYLELPR QPELETCMLALGESKLAALCLADSPVALHYGRVGDDNKIRFVKLGVWASPADRDTLATLSAIDPTLDGLY ITTHRGIIAAGTAIWAVPVTRTDDQVKMGKCRLEACRDRPPPFCNSTDWEPLEAGRIPAYGVLTIKLGLA DEPKVDIISEFGPLITHDSGMDLYTSFDGTKYWLTTPPLQNSALGTVNTLVLEPSLKISPNILTLPIRSG GGDCYTPTYLSDRADDDVKLSSNLVILPSRDLQYVSATYDISRVEHAIVYHIYSTGRLSSYYYPFKLPIK GDPVSLQIECFPWDRKLWCHHFCSVIDSGTGEQVTHIGVVGIEITCNGK Protective antigen [Ref5029:Khandelwal et al., 2004] RPVgp5 F Rinderpest virus (strain Kabete O) 3021776 56410434 RPVgp5 X98291 YP_087124 11242 5457 7097 + F protein 8.22 55061.12 546 >NC_006296.2:5457-7097 Rinderpest virus (strain Kabete O), complete genome CATGAAGATCTTATTTGCTACCCTGCTAGTAGTGACCACCCCTCACTTAGTCACTGGCCAGATCCACTGG GGCAATCTTTCGAAAATTGGAGTCGTAGGGACGGGTAGTGCTAGTTACAAGGTGATGACCCAATCGAGTC ACCAGACACTAGTTATAAAGCTGATGCCCAATATCACCGCTATAGACAACTGCACTAAGACTGAGATTGA GGAGTATAAGAGGCTGTTGGGGACAGTGCTTCAGCCTATTAAGGTCGCTCTGAACGCCATTACTAAGAAT ATAAAACCAATCAGGAGTTCCACTACCAGTAGGAGACACAGAAGGTTCGCAGGGGTCGCTTTGGCTGGTG CAGCTCTCGGAGTTGCAACCGCAGCCCAGATTACAGCAGGGATTGCTCTTCATCAATCAATGATGAATAC CCAGGCTATTGAAAGTCTTAAGGCAAGTCTGGAAACAACTAATCAAGCAATTGAGGAAATACGACAAGCA GGCCAAGAAATGATCCTAGCAGTTCAAGGTGTCCAGGACTACATCAACAATGAACTGGTACCTGCAATGG GCCAATTATCGTGTGATATCGTGGGTCAGAAGCTAGGGCTGAAACTGCTCAGATACTACACTGAAATATT ATCATTATTTGGCCCCAGCCTCAGAGACCCAATTTCGGCCGAGATTTCTATCCAGGCTTTGAGTTACGCC TTAGGTGGGGACATAAACAAAATACTAGAAAAGCTAGGGTATAGCGGGAGTGATCTCCTTGCTATACTGG AAAGTAAAGGTATCAAAGCTAAGATAACCTATGTGGATATCGAAAGTTACTTCATTGTGCTCAGCATTGC CTATCCTTCGCTTTCTGAAATTAAAGGGGTGATAATTCATCGCCTGGAGGGTGTCTCTTACAATATAGGG TCGCAGGAGTGGTATACCACAGTACCTCGATATGTGGCAACCCAAGGTTACCTCATTTCGAATTTCGATG ACACACCCTGTGCATTCTCCCCAGAGGGCACTATCTGCAGCCAGAATGCATTATACCCAATGAGCCCACT CCTCCAGGAATGTTTCCGTGGGTCAACCAGGTCATGCGCTCGTACACTGGTCTCTGGGTCTATAGGGAAT AGGTTTATCCTATCCAAGGGGAACCTCATTGCCAACTGTGCCTCAATCTTGTGCAAGTGTTACACCACTG GCTCAATAATAAGTCAAGATCCTGACAAGATCCTAACATATATAGCTGCAGACCAATGCCCCATCGTAGA AGTGGACGGTGTAACCATCCAGGTTGGGAGCAGAGAGTACCCTGATGCAGTGTACCTGCATAAAATAGAC CTTGGCCCACCAATATCGCTGGAGAAGCTAGATGTTGGGACTAACCTCGGCAATGCAGTGACAAAACTGG AGAAAGCCAAGGATCTACTAGATTCATCTGATCTGATCCTGGAAACCATCAAGGGTGCTTCAGTCACGAA CACAGGCCATATTCTAGTTGGAGCCGGGTTGATTGCAGTAGTGGGTATCCTCATTGTTACCTGTTGCTGT AGGAAGCGCAGTAATGACAGCAAAGTGTCCACTGTGATATTGAATCCGGGTCTTAAACCAGACCTCACTG GTACATCCAAATCCTACGTACGGTCACTGTA >YP_087124.2 F protein [Rinderpest virus (strain Kabete O)] MKILFATLLVVTTPHLVTGQIHWGNLSKIGVVGTGSASYKVMTQSSHQTLVIKLMPNITAIDNCTKTEIE EYKRLLGTVLQPIKVALNAITKNIKPIRSSTTSRRHRRFAGVALAGAALGVATAAQITAGIALHQSMMNT QAIESLKASLETTNQAIEEIRQAGQEMILAVQGVQDYINNELVPAMGQLSCDIVGQKLGLKLLRYYTEIL SLFGPSLRDPISAEISIQALSYALGGDINKILEKLGYSGSDLLAILESKGIKAKITYVDIESYFIVLSIA YPSLSEIKGVIIHRLEGVSYNIGSQEWYTTVPRYVATQGYLISNFDDTPCAFSPEGTICSQNALYPMSPL LQECFRGSTRSCARTLVSGSIGNRFILSKGNLIANCASILCKCYTTGSIISQDPDKILTYIAADQCPIVE VDGVTIQVGSREYPDAVYLHKIDLGPPISLEKLDVGTNLGNAVTKLEKAKDLLDSSDLILETIKGASVTN TGHILVGAGLIAVVGILIVTCCCRKRSNDSKVSTVILNPGLKPDLTGTSKSYVRSL Protective antigen RPVgp6 H Rinderpest virus (strain Kabete O) 3021774 56410435 RPVgp6 X98291 YP_087125 11242 7258 9087 + H protein 7.04 63930.13 609 >NC_006296.2:7258-9087 Rinderpest virus (strain Kabete O), complete genome CATGTCTCCCCCAAGAGACAGGGTCGACGCTTACTACAAGGACAACTTCCAATTCAAGAACACTCGGGTG GTTCTTAATAAAGAGCAGCTCCTGATAGAGAGACCTTGCATGTTGCTGACGGTGTTGTTTGTCATGTTCC TGAGTCTAGTCGGGCTATTAGCTATCGCAGGTATCAGACTCCATCGAGCTGCTGTCAATACAGCAAAAAT CAACAATGACCTGACAACAAGTATTGATATTACCAAATCCATTGAGTACCAGGTCAAGGATGTTTTAACT CCACTCTTCAAAATAATTGGAGATGAGGTCGGGTTGAGGACGCCTCAGAGATTCACAGATCTGACTAAAT TCATATCAGACAAGATCAAGTTCCTTAACCCTGATAAGGAGTACGACTTTAGAGATATCAACTGGTGCAT CAACCCTCCAGAGAGAATTAAGATTGATTATGATCAGTATTGTGCTCACACAGCAGCTGAGGATCTGATA ACAATGCTTGTCAATTCATCCTTAACAGGGACTACAGTACTCCGCACGTCATTAGTCAACTTGGGGAGGA ACTGTACTGGACCCACAACCACTAAGGGTCAGTTCTCTAATATATCATTGACCCTTTCCGGGATATACTC AGGTCGTGGCTACAACATTTCATCTATGATCACTATTACTGGGAAAGGCATGTACGGGAGCACTTATCTG GTCGGGAAATACAATCAAAGAGCCAGGAGGCCAAGCATAGTATGGCAACAGGATTACCGAGTCTTCGAAG TAGGCATAATTAGAGAACTAGGAGTGGGCACACCAGTGTTTCATATGACAAACTACCTGGAACTTCCAAG ACAGCCGGAATTGGAGACTTGCATGCTAGCCCTAGGAGAGTCCAAATTAGCTGCCCTCTGCCTAGCTGAC AGCCCCGTCGCACTGCACTACGGGAGGGTAGGAGACGACAACAAGATCAGATTTGTCAAATTGGGAGTAT GGGCATCACCGGCCGACCGAGACACTTTGGCCACTCTTTCAGCAATAGACCCGACATTGGACGGACTCTA TATCACAACTCATAGGGGGATCATAGCTGCAGGGACTGCCATATGGGCTGTCCCTGTGACGAGAACAGAT GACCAAGTGAAAATGGGAAAGTGCCGCCTAGAGGCTTGTCGAGACAGACCACCACCTTTCTGTAACAGTA CAGATTGGGAGCCACTAGAGGCTGGCCGAATACCGGCGTATGGAGTACTAACCATCAAACTAGGGCTGGC TGATGAGCCTAAAGTTGACATAATTTCAGAATTTGGTCCTCTAATCACCCATGACTCAGGGATGGATTTA TACACCTCATTTGACGGTACCAAGTACTGGTTGACTACTCCTCCATTGCAGAACTCAGCTCTAGGAACTG TGAACACCCTAGTTTTAGAGCCCAGTCTCAAAATTAGTCCTAACATCCTTACTCTCCCCATCAGGTCGGG AGGGGGTGACTGTTATACTCCTACTTACCTGTCAGACCGGGCTGACGATGATGTTAAATTGAGCTCCAAT CTTGTAATCCTCCCAAGTAGGGACCTCCAATATGTGTCTGCAACCTACGACATCTCCAGAGTTGAACATG CCATTGTGTACCACATCTATAGTACCGGGCGACTATCATCGTATTACTACCCTTTCAAGTTGCCCATAAA GGGAGATCCTGTCAGTCTGCAGATCGAATGCTTCCCGTGGGACCGCAAACTGTGGTGCCATCATTTCTGC TCTGTTATAGATTCAGGGACTGGTGAGCAGGTCACCCATATAGGGGTAGTAGGGATTGAGATCACTTGCA ATGGGAAATA >YP_087125.2 H protein [Rinderpest virus (strain Kabete O)] MSPPRDRVDAYYKDNFQFKNTRVVLNKEQLLIERPCMLLTVLFVMFLSLVGLLAIAGIRLHRAAVNTAKI NNDLTTSIDITKSIEYQVKDVLTPLFKIIGDEVGLRTPQRFTDLTKFISDKIKFLNPDKEYDFRDINWCI NPPERIKIDYDQYCAHTAAEDLITMLVNSSLTGTTVLRTSLVNLGRNCTGPTTTKGQFSNISLTLSGIYS GRGYNISSMITITGKGMYGSTYLVGKYNQRARRPSIVWQQDYRVFEVGIIRELGVGTPVFHMTNYLELPR QPELETCMLALGESKLAALCLADSPVALHYGRVGDDNKIRFVKLGVWASPADRDTLATLSAIDPTLDGLY ITTHRGIIAAGTAIWAVPVTRTDDQVKMGKCRLEACRDRPPPFCNSTDWEPLEAGRIPAYGVLTIKLGLA DEPKVDIISEFGPLITHDSGMDLYTSFDGTKYWLTTPPLQNSALGTVNTLVLEPSLKISPNILTLPIRSG GGDCYTPTYLSDRADDDVKLSSNLVILPSRDLQYVSATYDISRVEHAIVYHIYSTGRLSSYYYPFKLPIK GDPVSLQIECFPWDRKLWCHHFCSVIDSGTGEQVTHIGVVGIEITCNGK Protective antigen Jones et al., 1997 journal Jones L, Tenorio E, Gorham J, Yilma T 1997 58 6 590-593 American journal of veterinary research Khandelwal et al., 2004 journal Khandelwal A, Renukaradhya GJ, Rajasekhar M, Sita GL, Shaila MS 2004 323 2 284-291 Virology Ngichabe et al., 2002 journal Ngichabe CK, Wamwayi HM, Ndungu EK, Mirangi PK, Bostock CJ, Black DN, Barrett T 2002 128 2 343-349 Epidemiology and infection Verardi et al., 2002 journal Verardi PH, Aziz FH, Ahmad S, Jones LA, Beyene B, Ngotho RN, Wamwayi HM, Yesus MG, Egziabher BG, Yilma TD 2002 76 2 484-491 Journal of virology