Trichinella spiralis 6334 Trichinella spiralis is a nematode parasite, occurring in rodents, pigs, bears and humans, and is responsible for the disease trichinosis. Baboon Papio cynocephalus 9556 Bank vole Clethrionomys glareolus 447135 Bear Ursus americanus 9643 Birds Passeroidea 175121 Brown Trout Salmo trutta 8032 Buffalo Bison bison 9901 Carnivores Vulpes 9625 Cat Felis catus 9685 Catfishes Siluriformes 7995 Cattle Bos taurus 9913 Chicken Gallus gallus 9031 Chimpanzee Pan troglodytes 9598 chinchillas Chinchillidae 10150 Copper Pheasant Syrmaticus soemmerringii 9067 Deer Cervus elaphus 9860 Deer mouse Peromyscus maniculatus 10042 Dog Canis familiaris 9615 Ducks Anas 8835 Ferret Mustela putorius furo 9669 Fish Hyperotreti 117565 Gerbil Gerbillina 10045 Goat Capra hircus 9925 Gray wolf Canis lupus 9612 Guinea pig Cavia porcellus 10141 Hamster Mesocricetus auratus 10036 Horse Equus caballus 9796 Human Homo sapiens 9606 Macaque Macaca fascicularis 9541 Mongolian Gerbil Meriones unguiculatus 10047 Monkey Platyrrhini 9479 Mouse Mus musculus 10090 None None Parrot Psittacidae 9224 Pig Sus scrofa 9823 Rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus 9986 Rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss 8022 Rat Rattus 10114 Raven Corvus corax 56781 sei whale Balaenoptera borealis 9768 Sheep Ovis aries 9940 Squirrel Spermophilus richardsonii 37591 Tree shrew Tupaiidae 9393 Trouts, salmons & chars Salmoninae 504568 Turkey Meleagris gallopavo 9103 Vole Microtus ochrogaster 79684 Water buffalo Bubalus bubalis 391902 licensed Trichinellosis human vaccine Generic Unknown VO_0002792 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed A generic representation of vaccines developed to prevent Trichinellosis in humans, typically utilizing inactivated Trichinella spiralis larvae or antigens to elicit protective immunity without causing disease. These vaccines aim to reduce infection risk by stimulating an immune response against the parasite. SL3261 expressing T. spiralis Ag30 VO_0004605 Recombinant vector vaccine Research The strain SL3261 of the bacterium Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is used as a live, attenuated vaccine vector expressing Ag30 from T. spiralis, displayed on the surface of the bacterium by the autotransporter ShdA [Ref2882:Pompa-Mera et al., 2011]. intranasal immunization This vaccine was shown to elicit protective immunity against T. spiralis challenge, in the form of the induction of antigen-specific IgG1 and IL-5 production (Pompa-Mera et al., 2011). (Pompa-Mera et al., 2011) intranasal immunization The antigen expressed on S. enterica is the "210-239 amino acid epitope, (designated as Ag30) derived from the 43 kDa glycoprotein of T. spiralis muscle larvae" (Pompa-Mera et al., 2011). The mice were shown to have produced antigen-specific IgG1 and IL-5 antibodies in response to T. spiralis challenge. BALB/c mice VO_0000287 At day 8 post-challenge, the adult burden was reduced by 61.83% in mice that had been inoculated with the recombinant vector vaccine (Pompa-Mera et al., 2011). The immune response and protection offered by the vaccine shows the usefulness of S. enterica for displaying nematode epitopes found in intestinal parasites (Pompa-Mera et al., 2011). Liu et al., 2017 journal Liu CY, Song YY, Ren HN, Sun GG, Liu RD, Jiang P, Long SR, Zhang X, Wang ZQ, Cui J 2017 10 1 448 Parasites & vectors Pompa-Mera et al., 2011 journal Pompa-Mera EN, Yépez-Mulia L, Ocaña-Mondragón A, García-Zepeda EA, Ortega-Pierres G, González-Bonilla CR 2011 129 4 393-401 Experimental parasitology Yang et al., 2018 journal Yang Z, Li W, Yang Z, Pan A, Liao W, Zhou X 2018 36 2 248-255 Vaccine