Nipah virus
121791
Nipah virus disease
Humans and pigs can be infected with the virus as well as hamsters which serve as an animal model of disease (Guillaume et al., 2004). Pteropid fruit bats are the primary reservoir of Nipah virus (Wiki: Nipah virus).
Nipah virus was identified in 1999 when it caused an outbreak of neurological and respiratory disease on pig farms in peninsular Malaysia, resulting in 105 human deaths and the culling of one million pigs. In Singapore, 11 cases including one death occurred in abattoir workers exposed to pigs imported from the affected Malaysian farms. The Nipah virus has been classified by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as a Category C agent.
The outbreak was originally mistaken for Japanese encephalitis (JE), however, physicians in the area noted that persons who had been vaccinated against JE were not protected, and the number of cases among adults was unusual.
Symptoms of infection from the Malaysian outbreak were primarily encephalitic in humans and respiratory in pigs. Later outbreaks have caused respiratory illness in humans, increasing the likelihood of human-to-human transmission and indicating the existence of more dangerous strains of the virus.
Based on seroprevalence data and virus isolations, the primary reservoir for Nipah virus was identified as Pteropid fruit bats including Pteropus vampyrus (Large Flying Fox) and Pteropus hypomelanus] (Small Flying-fox), both of which occur in Malaysia.
The transmission of Nipah virus from flying foxes to pigs is thought to be due to an increasing overlap between bat habitats and piggeries in peninsular Malaysia. At the index farm, fruit orchards were in close proximity to the piggery, allowing the spillage of urine, faeces and partially eaten fruit onto the pigs. Retrospective studies demonstrate that viral spillover into pigs may have been occurring in Malaysia since 1996 without detection. During 1998, viral spread was aided by the transfer of infected pigs to other farms where new outbreaks occurred (Wiki: Nipah virus).
Baboon
Papio cynocephalus
9556
Bank vole
Clethrionomys glareolus
447135
Bear
Ursus americanus
9643
Birds
Passeroidea
175121
Brown Trout
Salmo trutta
8032
Buffalo
Bison bison
9901
Carnivores
Vulpes
9625
Cat
Felis catus
9685
Catfishes
Siluriformes
7995
Cattle
Bos taurus
9913
Chicken
Gallus gallus
9031
Chimpanzee
Pan troglodytes
9598
chinchillas
Chinchillidae
10150
Copper Pheasant
Syrmaticus soemmerringii
9067
Deer
Cervus elaphus
9860
Deer mouse
Peromyscus maniculatus
10042
Dog
Canis familiaris
9615
Ducks
Anas
8835
Ferret
Mustela putorius furo
9669
Fish
Hyperotreti
117565
Gerbil
Gerbillina
10045
Goat
Capra hircus
9925
Gray wolf
Canis lupus
9612
Guinea pig
Cavia porcellus
10141
Hamster
Mesocricetus auratus
10036
Horse
Equus caballus
9796
Human
Homo sapiens
9606
Macaque
Macaca fascicularis
9541
Mongolian Gerbil
Meriones unguiculatus
10047
Monkey
Platyrrhini
9479
Mouse
Mus musculus
10090
None
None
Parrot
Psittacidae
9224
Pig
Sus scrofa
9823
Rabbit
Oryctolagus cuniculus
9986
Rainbow trout
Oncorhynchus mykiss
8022
Rat
Rattus
10114
Raven
Corvus corax
56781
sei whale
Balaenoptera borealis
9768
Sheep
Ovis aries
9940
Squirrel
Spermophilus richardsonii
37591
Tree shrew
Tupaiidae
9393
Trouts, salmons & chars
Salmoninae
504568
Turkey
Meleagris gallopavo
9103
Vole
Microtus ochrogaster
79684
Water buffalo
Bubalus bubalis
391902
ALVAC-NiV-F
VO_0004734
Recombinant vector vaccine
Research
Intramuscular injection (i.m.)
Canarypox virus-based vaccine vectors carrying the fusion protein (ALVAC-F) (Weingartl et al., 2006).
Intramuscular injection (i.m.)
Recombinant vector construction
Canarypox virus-based vaccine vectors carrying the gene for NiV glycoprotein (ALVAC-G) or the fusion protein (ALVAC-F) (Weingartl et al., 2006).
Recombinant protein preparation
Canarypox virus-based vaccine vectors carrying the gene for NiV glycoprotein (ALVAC-G) or the fusion protein (ALVAC-F) (Weingartl et al., 2006).
Four pigs per group were intramuscularly challenged, with either with 10^8 PFU each or in combination of (ALVAC-NiV-G and ALVAC-NiV-F) (Weingartl et al., 2006).
VO_0003057
The combined ALVAC-F/G vaccine induced the highest levels of neutralization antibodies (2,560); despite the low neutralizing antibody levels in the F vaccinees (160), all vaccinated animals appeared to be protected against challenge (Weingartl et al., 2006).
The pigs were challenged with 2.5 x 10^5 PFU of NiV two weeks later (Weingartl et al., 2006).
ALVAC-NiV-G
VO_0004733
Recombinant vector vaccine
Research
Intramuscular injection (i.m.)
Canarypox virus-based vaccine vectors carrying the gene for NiV glycoprotein (ALVAC-G) (Weingartl et al., 2006).
Intramuscular injection (i.m.)
Recombinant vector construction
Canarypox virus-based vaccine vectors carrying the gene for NiV glycoprotein (ALVAC-G) or the fusion protein (ALVAC-F) (Weingartl et al., 2006).
Recombinant protein preparation
Canarypox virus-based vaccine vectors carrying the gene for NiV glycoprotein (ALVAC-G) or the fusion protein (ALVAC-F) (Weingartl et al., 2006).
Four pigs per group were intramuscularly challenged, with either with 10^8 PFU each or in combination of (ALVAC-NiV-G and ALVAC-NiV-F) (Weingartl et al., 2006).
VO_0003057
The combined ALVAC-F/G vaccine induced the highest levels of neutralization antibodies (2,560); despite the low neutralizing antibody levels in the F vaccinees (160), all vaccinated animals appeared to be protected against challenge (Weingartl et al., 2006).
The pigs were challenged with 2.5 x 10^5 PFU of NiV two weeks later (Weingartl et al., 2006).
HeV-sG-V
Subunit vaccine
Licensed
Intramuscular injection (i.m.)
Alhydrogel and CpG ODN 2006 adjuvants (Geisbert et al., 2021)
The virus is stored at −80 °C
P1 stock was obtained from CDC, p2 stock was prepared in Vero E6 cells and stored at University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB) on 30 May 2011. The virus is stored at −80 °C, tested negative for mycoplasma and endotoxin.(Geisbert et al., 2021)
Intramuscular injection (i.m.)
HeV-sG recombinant antigen(Geisbert et al., 2021)
NIpah Virus G and F Proteins Subunit Vaccine
VO_0011407
Subunit vaccine
Research
Subcutaneous injection
Subcutaneous injection
Recombinant protein preparation
Recombinant protein preparation
For protection studies, inbred golden hamsters (Janvier, Le Fenest St. Isles, France) were vaccinated twice (1 month apart) with 107 PFU of vaccinia virus recombinants expressing either the G or F Nipah virus glycoprotein or with 5 × 106 of each of the recombinants when they were used for coimmunization (Guillaume et al., 2004).
Hamsters immunized with F and G proteins were completely protected from lethal Nipah virus challenge (Guillaume et al., 2004).
The animals were challenged 3 months after the last immunization with Nipah virus administered interperitoneally (Guillaume et al., 2004).
Nipah Virus Vaccine rVSVΔG-NiVBG
Recombinant vector vaccine
Research
recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus [Ref5938:Foster et al., 2022]
Intramuscular injection (i.m.)
A recombinant VSV-vectored vaccine rapidly protects nonhuman primates against lethal Nipah virus disease. (Foster et al., 2022)
Intramuscular injection (i.m.)
NiVB G protein
Recombinant protein preparation
(Foster et al., 2022)
All survivors in study 1 and study 2 developed neutralizing antibodies beginning at 7 DPI. Interestingly, animals in study 2 exhibited higher neutralizing antibody titers than subjects in study 1, suggesting a stronger humoral response may be needed to control infection whenever the vaccine is administered at a shorter interval. None of the vector control nor specifically vaccinated animals that succumbed to NiV disease developed neutralizing antibodies. (Foster et al., 2022)
For both studies, nine healthy, adult AGMs (African green monkey) were randomized into a group of six experimental animals and a group of three control animals. The six experimental animals were specifically vaccinated by intramuscular injection of 1 × 10^7 PFU of rVSV-ΔG-NiVBG, and control animals were vaccinated by intramuscular injection of 1 × 10^7 PFU of a nonspecific rVSVΔG-EBOV-GP vaccine. (Foster et al., 2022)
All monkeys vaccinated with rVSV-ΔG-NiVBG 7 d prior to NiVB exposure were protected from lethal disease, while 67% of animals vaccinated 3 d before NiVB challenge survived. (Foster et al., 2022)
For the first study, all nine AGMs were exposed 7 d after vaccination to 5 × 105 PFU of NiVB, with the dose being equally divided between intratracheal and the intranasal routes. For the second study, all AGMs were exposed 3 d after vaccination to 5 × 10^5 PFU of NiVB with the dose being equally divided between the intratracheal and the intranasal routes. (Foster et al., 2022)
PHV02
Live recombinant vaccine
Research
Intramuscular injection (i.m.)
PHV02 is a live, recombinant vaccine administered as a single intramuscular injection (Freeman and Levenson, 1966)
Intramuscular injection (i.m.)
rMV-Ed-G
VO_0004714
Recombinant vector vaccine
Research
Intramuscular injection (i.m.)
Recombinant measles virus (rMV) vaccine expressing NiV envelope glycoproteins (rMV-HL-G and rMV-Ed-G) (Yoneda et al., 2013).
Intramuscular injection (i.m.)
Recombinant vector construction
A recombinant measles virus (rMV) vaccine expressing NiV envelope glycoproteins (rMV-HL-G and rMV-Ed-G) (Yoneda et al., 2013).
8-week-old golden hamsters were intraperitoneally immunized with 2×10^4 TCID50 of rMV-HL-G or rMV-Ed-G (Yoneda et al., 2013).
VO_0003057
All hamsters vaccinated with rMV-HL-G or rMV-Ed-G showed complete protection. During the observation period (14 days after the challenge), all hamsters immunized with the recombinant MVs showed no clinical symptoms of the disease and survived (Yoneda et al., 2013).
All hamsters were challenged intraperitoneally with 10^3 TCID50/animal of NiV (Yoneda et al., 2013).
F fusion protein
Nipah virus
VO_0011314
8164021
8164022
AAF73956.1
CDD:306910
121791
?
fusion protein
5.9
56616.49
602
Fusion glycoprotein F0; pfam00523
>gi|8164021|gb|AF238466.1| Nipah virus fusion protein mRNA, complete cds
AGGAGCCAAGCTCTTGCCTCGTTCAGAAGGTTAAACAAGCATTCTTACCATTGGATCAACAAAAGGATTG
GTTTTATCGTCTAAGAAATTTATTGAAAGGCAAAGAAATTCCTGGTTTTATGTTGAATGAGGTGTATCAA
ACTAAGGAGACCTTCTAACAGCCAGGTCATAGGAATATAAATAAAAATAAGAATAAAATTGATTCCATCG
GAAGATTCATTTCAAGAAGTGATCAAATCAAAGCGGTTGGCAGACCTACCAATCATATACCACAAGACTC
GACAATGGTAGTTATACTTGACAAGAGATGTTATTGTAATCTTTTAATATTGATTTTGATGATCTCGGAG
TGTAGTGTTGGGATTCTACATTATGAGAAATTGAGTAAAATTGGACTTGTCAAAGGAGTAACAAGAAAAT
ACAAGATTAAAAGCAATCCTCTCACAAAAGACATTGTTATAAAAATGATTCCGAATGTGTCGAACATGTC
TCAGTGCACAGGGAGTGTCATGGAAAATTATAAAACACGATTAAACGGTATCTTAACACCTATAAAGGGA
GCGTTAGAGATCTACAAAAACAACACTCATGACCTTGTCGGTGATGTGAGATTAGCCGGAGTTATAATGG
CAGGAGTTGCTATTGGGATTGCAACCGCAGCTCAAATCACTGCAGGTGTAGCACTATATGAGGCAATGAA
GAATGCTGACAACATCAACAAACTCAAAAGCAGCATTGAATCAACTAATGAAGCTGTCGTTAAACTTCAA
GAGACTGCAGAAAAGACAGTCTATGTGCTGACTGCTCTACAGGATTACATTAATACTAATTTAGTACCGA
CAATTGACAAGATAAGCTGCAAACAGACAGAACTCTCACTAGATCTGGCATTATCAAAGTACCTCTCTGA
TTTGCTTTTTGTATTTGGCCCCAACCTTCAAGACCCAGTTTCTAATTCAATGACTATACAGGCTATATCT
CAGGCATTCGGTGGAAATTATGAAACACTGCTAAGAACATTGGGTTACGCTACAGAAGACTTTGATGATC
TTCTAGAAAGTGACAGCATAACAGGTCAAATCATCTATGTTGATCTAAGTAGCTACTATATAATTGTCAG
GGTTTATTTTCCTATTCTGACTGAAATTCAACAGGCCTATATCCAAGAGTTGTTACCAGTGAGCTTCAAC
AATGATAATTCAGAATGGATCAGTATTGTCCCAAATTTCATATTGGTAAGGAATACATTAATATCAAATA
TAGAGATTGGATTTTGCCTAATTACAAAGAGGAGCGTGATCTGCAACCAAGATTATGCCACACCTATGAC
CAACAACATGAGAGAATGTTTAACGGGATCGACTGAGAAGTGTCCTCGAGAGCTGGTTGTTTCATCACAT
GTTCCCAGATTTGCACTATCTAACGGGGTTCTGTTTGCCAATTGCATAAGTGTTACATGTCAGTGTCAAA
CAACAGGCAGGGCAATCTCACAATCAGGAGAACAAACTCTGCTGATGATTGACAACACCACCTGTCCTAC
AGCCGTACTCGGTAATGTGATTATCAGCTTAGGGAAATATCTGGGGTCAGTAAATTATAATTCTGAAGGC
ATTGCTATCGGTCCTCCAGTCTTTACAGATAAAGTTGATATATCAAGTCAGATATCCAGCATGAATCAGT
CCTTACAACAGTCTAAGGACTATATCAAAGAGGCTCAACGACTCCTTGATACTGTTAATCCATCATTAAT
AAGCATGTTGTCTATGATCATACTGTATGTATTATCGATCGCATCGTTGTGTATAGGGTTGATTACATTT
ATCAGTTTTATCATTGTTGAGAAAAAGAGAAACACCTACAGCAGATTAGAGGATAGGAGAGTCAGACCTA
CAAGCAGTGGGGATCTCTACTACATTGGGACATAGTGTATTCAGATTGATGAAATTATGTTAGAGAAATC
AGAAAACTTCTGACTTTCAGAAATGGATTGTATACAATTAGTTAGATCATCCTGAATAATCGAGGTGAGA
ACATTGCAACTATAAAATCAGATCATGTAAATAGTTGTAAAAAATTAAAAGCTTCTTTTAATTCTTTTGA
ACAATAATTTAATTAATATATAACATATTCTCTCACACGAGCGCTAACCTATACACTCTCTACTAATATT
TTATACTCATAATTAATGATATAATGACAAATAAGGATTCAAATTGGATTATGATATAGTTTCATACTAC
AATAGCATTTCGACCAAGAAAATATCCTTACAATTATACAATGTACTTAACCGTGAATATGTAATTGATA
ATTTCCCTTTAGAAATTTAATAAAAAA
>AAF73956.1 fusion protein [Nipah henipavirus]
MVVILDKRCYCNLLILILMISECSVGILHYEKLSKIGLVKGVTRKYKIKSNPLTKDIVIKMIPNVSNMSQ
CTGSVMENYKTRLNGILTPIKGALEIYKNNTHDLVGDVRLAGVIMAGVAIGIATAAQITAGVALYEAMKN
ADNINKLKSSIESTNEAVVKLQETAEKTVYVLTALQDYINTNLVPTIDKISCKQTELSLDLALSKYLSDL
LFVFGPNLQDPVSNSMTIQAISQAFGGNYETLLRTLGYATEDFDDLLESDSITGQIIYVDLSSYYIIVRV
YFPILTEIQQAYIQELLPVSFNNDNSEWISIVPNFILVRNTLISNIEIGFCLITKRSVICNQDYATPMTN
NMRECLTGSTEKCPRELVVSSHVPRFALSNGVLFANCISVTCQCQTTGRAISQSGEQTLLMIDNTTCPTA
VLGNVIISLGKYLGSVNYNSEGIAIGPPVFTDKVDISSQISSMNQSLQQSKDYIKEAQRLLDTVNPSLIS
MLSMIILYVLSIASLCIGLITFISFIIVEKKRNTYSRLEDRRVRPTSSGDLYYIGT
Protective antigen
Hamsters were immunized subcutaneously with either 10^7 PFU of VV-NiV.G or VV-NiV.F expressing the G and F glycoproteins, respectively, or with the two combined. When the VV-NiV.F-vaccinated animals were challenged with Nipah virus 3 months after the last immunization (1,000 PFU/animal intraperitoneally), there was complete protection against mortality [Ref1375:Guillaume et al., 2004].
G glycoprotein
Nipah henipavirus
VO_0011313
920955
13559814
Nvgp5
AF212302
NP_112027
2VWD
121791
8709
11254
+
attachment glycoprotein
8.36
62969.63
602
>NC_002728.1:8709-11254 Nipah virus, complete genome
TAGGACCCAGGTCCATAACTCATTGGATACTTAACTGTATCTTTCTAAGCTATCACATATCAAAGGAGAG
ATTGAATGCTTTTTTGGAGATCTAGATCATTACTATATGTGTCTCCTATAATCACATCATAGGAGTGAAC
CATAATACACATCTTTGGGTAGGGGAAGGAAAGTATTGTTGACGTACTGATTGATCTGCTTGAGTCAAAT
AATCAGTCATAACAATTCAAGAAAATGCCGGCAGAAAACAAGAAAGTTAGATTCGAAAATACTACTTCAG
ACAAAGGGAAAATTCCTAGTAAAGTTATTAAGAGCTACTACGGAACCATGGACATTAAGAAAATAAATGA
AGGATTATTGGACAGCAAAATATTAAGTGCTTTCAACACAGTAATAGCATTGCTTGGATCTATCGTGATC
ATAGTGATGAATATAATGATCATCCAAAATTACACAAGATCAACAGACAATCAGGCCGTGATCAAAGATG
CGTTGCAGGGTATCCAACAGCAGATCAAAGGGCTTGCTGACAAAATCGGCACAGAGATAGGGCCCAAAGT
ATCACTGATTGACACATCCAGTACCATTACTATCCCAGCTAACATTGGGCTGTTAGGTTCAAAGATCAGC
CAGTCGACTGCAAGTATAAATGAGAATGTGAATGAAAAATGCAAATTCACACTGCCTCCCTTGAAAATCC
ACGAATGTAACATTTCTTGTCCTAACCCACTCCCTTTTAGAGAGTATAGGCCACAGACAGAAGGGGTGAG
CAATCTAGTAGGATTACCTAATAATATTTGCCTGCAAAAGACATCTAATCAGATATTGAAGCCAAAGCTG
ATTTCATACACTTTACCCGTAGTCGGTCAAAGTGGTACCTGTATCACAGACCCATTGCTGGCTATGGACG
AGGGCTATTTTGCATATAGCCACCTGGAAAGAATCGGATCATGTTCAAGAGGGGTCTCCAAACAAAGAAT
AATAGGAGTTGGAGAGGTACTAGACAGAGGTGATGAAGTTCCTTCTTTATTTATGACCAATGTCTGGACC
CCACCAAATCCAAACACCGTTTACCACTGTAGTGCTGTATACAACAATGAATTCTATTATGTACTTTGTG
CAGTGTCAACTGTTGGAGACCCTATTCTGAATAGCACCTACTGGTCCGGATCTCTAATGATGACCCGTCT
AGCTGTGAAACCCAAGAGTAATGGTGGGGGTTACAATCAACATCAACTTGCCCTACGAAGTATCGAGAAA
GGGAGGTATGATAAAGTTATGCCGTATGGACCTTCAGGCATCAAACAGGGTGACACCCTGTATTTTCCTG
CTGTAGGATTTTTGGTCAGGACAGAGTTTAAATACAATGATTCAAATTGTCCCATCACGAAGTGTCAATA
CAGTAAACCTGAAAATTGCAGGCTATCTATGGGGATTAGACCAAACAGCCATTATATCCTTCGATCTGGA
CTATTAAAATACAATCTATCAGATGGGGAGAACCCCAAAGTTGTATTCATTGAAATATCTGATCAAAGAT
TATCTATTGGATCTCCTAGCAAAATCTATGATTCTTTGGGTCAACCTGTTTTCTACCAAGCGTCATTTTC
ATGGGATACTATGATTAAATTTGGAGATGTTCTAACAGTCAACCCTCTGGTTGTCAATTGGCGTAATAAC
ACGGTAATATCAAGACCCGGGCAATCACAATGCCCTAGATTCAATACATGTCCAGAGATCTGCTGGGAAG
GAGTTTATAATGATGCATTCCTAATTGACAGAATCAATTGGATAAGCGCGGGTGTATTCCTTGACAGCAA
TCAGACCGCAGAAAATCCTGTTTTTACTGTATTCAAAGATAATGAAATACTTTATAGGGCACAACTGGCT
TCTGAGGACACCAATGCACAAAAAACAATAACTAATTGTTTTCTCTTGAAGAATAAGATTTGGTGCATAT
CATTGGTTGAGATATATGACACAGGAGACAATGTCATAAGACCCAAACTATTCGCGGTTAAGATACCAGA
GCAATGTACATAAAAATCAACCTCATAATTTAATGGATTGATCTAATATAATGATAATAATCGTACAAAG
ACATGTGATGTAAACAAAATTGTTGTAATTAAATAAGTCCTCAGCTGAATACTTTTTTAAGATTAGCAAT
AGCATGTTTTTCCAGTTATTGGATAGTTGATAATATAATTCTGAAACTGGGTTAATAAATAATCTTGATC
GGTGATCTTTGAGAACAATGATATCATATAGTTCATCAAGTGATAATCAATTCTTTATATGTACACTTTA
GAGTATATTTTGAGACTTAGTATTTTCGGCCCGAATGTTAAATTTAATAGTTCATACATAACCTAAACTC
AAGTTCTAAGCATAATGATAACAATTAATGCGAACTTGTCTTGATGTAAGGAAGATTTGATATTAACTGA
GACTCCACTTGATATAGTAGAGCTGAATCTTGTAAATAAATTATAATGAATAGTTTATTCAAAGATTATC
ATTCATATTAGTGTAAATTAAGAAAA
>NP_112027.1 attachment glycoprotein [Nipah henipavirus]
MPAENKKVRFENTTSDKGKIPSKVIKSYYGTMDIKKINEGLLDSKILSAFNTVIALLGSIVIIVMNIMII
QNYTRSTDNQAVIKDALQGIQQQIKGLADKIGTEIGPKVSLIDTSSTITIPANIGLLGSKISQSTASINE
NVNEKCKFTLPPLKIHECNISCPNPLPFREYRPQTEGVSNLVGLPNNICLQKTSNQILKPKLISYTLPVV
GQSGTCITDPLLAMDEGYFAYSHLERIGSCSRGVSKQRIIGVGEVLDRGDEVPSLFMTNVWTPPNPNTVY
HCSAVYNNEFYYVLCAVSTVGDPILNSTYWSGSLMMTRLAVKPKSNGGGYNQHQLALRSIEKGRYDKVMP
YGPSGIKQGDTLYFPAVGFLVRTEFKYNDSNCPITKCQYSKPENCRLSMGIRPNSHYILRSGLLKYNLSD
GENPKVVFIEISDQRLSIGSPSKIYDSLGQPVFYQASFSWDTMIKFGDVLTVNPLVVNWRNNTVISRPGQ
SQCPRFNTCPEICWEGVYNDAFLIDRINWISAGVFLDSNQTAENPVFTVFKDNEILYRAQLASEDTNAQK
TITNCFLLKNKIWCISLVEIYDTGDNVIRPKLFAVKIPEQCT
Protective antigen
Hamsters were immunized subcutaneously with either 107 PFU of VV-NiV.G or VV-NiV.F expressing the G and F glycoproteins, respectively, or with the two combined. When the VV-NiV.G-vaccinated animals were challenged with Nipah virus 3 months after the last immunization (1,000 PFU/animal intraperitoneally), there was complete protection against mortality [Ref1375:Guillaume et al., 2004].
Guillaume et al., 2004
journal
Guillaume V, Contamin H, Loth P, Georges-Courbot MC, Lefeuvre A, Marianneau P, Chua KB, Lam SK, Buckland R, Deubel V, Wild TF
Nipah virus: vaccination and passive protection studies in a hamster model
2004
78
2
834-840
Journal of virology
Guillaume et al., 2006
journal
Guillaume V, Contamin H, Loth P, Grosjean I, Courbot MC, Deubel V, Buckland R, Wild TF
Antibody prophylaxis and therapy against Nipah virus infection in hamsters
2006
80
4
1972-1978
Journal of virology
Weingartl et al., 2006
journal
Weingartl HM, Berhane Y, Caswell JL, Loosmore S, Audonnet JC, Roth JA, Czub M
Recombinant nipah virus vaccines protect pigs against challenge
2006
80
16
7929-7938
Journal of virology
Wiki: Nipah virus
website
Henipavirus
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henipavirus
Yoneda et al., 2013
journal
Yoneda M, Georges-Courbot MC, Ikeda F, Ishii M, Nagata N, Jacquot F, Raoul H, Sato H, Kai C
Recombinant measles virus vaccine expressing the Nipah virus glycoprotein protects against lethal Nipah virus challenge
2013
8
3
e58414
PloS one