Western equine encephalomyelitis virus 11039 Western equine encephalomyelitis (WEE) The Western equine encephalomyelitis virus is the causative agent of relatively uncommon viral disease Western equine encephalomyelitis (WEE). An Alphavirus of the family Togaviridae, the WEE virus is an arbovirus (arthropod-borne virus) transmitted by mosquitoes of the genera Culex and Culiseta. There have been under 700 confirmed cases in the U.S. since 1964. In the U.S. WEE is seen primarily in states west of the Mississippi River. The disease is also seen in countries of South America. WEE is commonly a subclinical infection; symptomatic infections are uncommon. However, the disease can cause serious sequelae in infants and children. Unlike Eastern equine encephalitis, the overall mortality of WEE is low (approximately 4%) and is associated mostly with infection in the elderly. There is no vaccine for WEE and there are no licensed therapeutic drugs in the U.S. for this infection. Western equine encephalitis virus was one of more than a dozen agents that the United States researched as potential biological weapons before the nation suspended its biological weapons program (Wiki: Western equine encephalomyelitis virus). Baboon Papio cynocephalus 9556 Bank vole Clethrionomys glareolus 447135 Bear Ursus americanus 9643 Birds Passeroidea 175121 Brown Trout Salmo trutta 8032 Buffalo Bison bison 9901 Carnivores Vulpes 9625 Cat Felis catus 9685 Catfishes Siluriformes 7995 Cattle Bos taurus 9913 Chicken Gallus gallus 9031 Chimpanzee Pan troglodytes 9598 chinchillas Chinchillidae 10150 Copper Pheasant Syrmaticus soemmerringii 9067 Deer Cervus elaphus 9860 Deer mouse Peromyscus maniculatus 10042 Dog Canis familiaris 9615 Ducks Anas 8835 Ferret Mustela putorius furo 9669 Fish Hyperotreti 117565 Gerbil Gerbillina 10045 Goat Capra hircus 9925 Gray wolf Canis lupus 9612 Guinea pig Cavia porcellus 10141 Hamster Mesocricetus auratus 10036 Horse Equus caballus 9796 Human Homo sapiens 9606 Macaque Macaca fascicularis 9541 Mongolian Gerbil Meriones unguiculatus 10047 Monkey Platyrrhini 9479 Mouse Mus musculus 10090 None None Parrot Psittacidae 9224 Pig Sus scrofa 9823 Rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus 9986 Rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss 8022 Rat Rattus 10114 Raven Corvus corax 56781 sei whale Balaenoptera borealis 9768 Sheep Ovis aries 9940 Squirrel Spermophilus richardsonii 37591 Tree shrew Tupaiidae 9393 Trouts, salmons & chars Salmoninae 504568 Turkey Meleagris gallopavo 9103 Vole Microtus ochrogaster 79684 Water buffalo Bubalus bubalis 391902 Encephalomyelitis Eastern & Western & Venezuelan, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4865.23) Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Inc., Intervet Inc. VO_0002266 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Encephalomyelitis Eastern & Western & Venezuelan, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4865.27) Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Inc. VO_0002268 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Encephalomyelitis Eastern & Western & Venezuelan, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4867.20) Wyeth VO_0002269 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Encephalomyelitis Eastern & Western & Venezuelan, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4867.21) Wyeth VO_0002270 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Encephalomyelitis Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 1475.00) Intervet Inc., Colorado Serum Company, Merial, Inc. VO_0002116 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Encephalomyelitis Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4865.00) Colorado Serum Company, Merial, Inc. VO_0002263 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Encephalomyelitis Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4865.01) Intervet Inc. VO_0002264 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Encephalomyelitis Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4865.21) Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Inc. VO_0002265 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Encephalomyelitis Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4865.26) Wyeth VO_0002267 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Encephalomyelitis-Influenza Eastern & Western & Venezuelan, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4875.23) Wyeth VO_0002271 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Encephalomyelitis-Influenza Eastern & Western & Venezuelan, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4875.24) Wyeth VO_0002272 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Encephalomyelitis-Influenza Eastern & Western & Venezuelan, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4875.A0) Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Inc. VO_0002273 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Encephalomyelitis-Influenza Eastern & Western & Venezuelan, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4875.A1) Intervet Inc. VO_0002274 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Encephalomyelitis-Influenza Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4835.20) Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Inc. VO_0002248 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Encephalomyelitis-Influenza Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4835.23) Wyeth VO_0002249 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Encephalomyelitis-Influenza Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4835.24) Wyeth VO_0002250 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Encephalomyelitis-Influenza Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4835.45) Intervet Inc. VO_0002251 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Encephalomyelitis-Influenza Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4835.46) Intervet Inc. VO_0002252 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Encephalomyelitis-Influenza-West Nile Virus Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 13W5.20) Wyeth VO_0002115 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Encephalomyelitis-Influenza-West Nile Virus Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 46W5.21) Wyeth VO_0002238 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Encephalomyelitis-Rhinopneumonitis Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4844.30) Intervet Inc. VO_0002253 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Encephalomyelitis-Rhinopneumonitis-Influenza Eastern & Western & Venezuelan, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4847.22) Wyeth VO_0002258 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Encephalomyelitis-Rhinopneumonitis-Influenza Eastern & Western & Venezuelan, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4847.23) Wyeth VO_0002259 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Encephalomyelitis-Rhinopneumonitis-Influenza Eastern & Western & Venezuelan, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4847.24) Wyeth VO_0002260 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Encephalomyelitis-Rhinopneumonitis-Influenza Eastern & Western & Venezuelan, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4847.32) Intervet Inc. VO_0002261 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Encephalomyelitis-Rhinopneumonitis-Influenza Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4845.23) Wyeth VO_0002254 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Encephalomyelitis-Rhinopneumonitis-Influenza Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4845.24) Wyeth VO_0002255 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Encephalomyelitis-Rhinopneumonitis-Influenza Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4845.32) Intervet Inc. VO_0002256 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Encephalomyelitis-Rhinopneumonitis-Influenza Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4845.33) Intervet Inc. VO_0002257 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Encephalomyelitis-Rhinopneumonitis-Influenza-West Nile Virus Eastern & Western, Killed Virus, Killed Flavivirus Chimera Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 4855.R2) Intervet Inc. VO_0002262 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Encephalomyelitis-West Nile Virus Eastern & Western & Venezuelan, Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 14W5.23) Wyeth VO_0002128 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Encephalomyelitis-West Nile Virus Eastern & Western & Venezuelan, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 48W5.20) Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Inc. VO_0002284 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Encephalomyelitis-West Nile Virus Eastern & Western & Venezuelan, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 48W5.23) Wyeth VO_0002287 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Encephalomyelitis-West Nile Virus Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 14W5.22) Wyeth VO_0002127 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Encephalomyelitis-West Nile Virus Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 48W5.21) Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Inc. VO_0002285 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Encephalomyelitis-West Nile Virus Eastern & Western, Killed Virus Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 48W5.22) Wyeth VO_0002286 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Encephalomyelitis-West Nile Virus Eastern & Western, Killed Virus, Live Canarypox Vector Vaccine (USDA: 14W7.R0) Merial, Inc. VO_0002129 Live, attenuated vaccine; Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA Encephalomyelitis-West Nile Virus Eastern & Western, Killed Virus, Live Canarypox Vector Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid (USDA: 48W9.R0) Merial, Inc. VO_0002288 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed USA licensed Western equine encephalitis human vaccine Generic Unknown VO_0012188 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed A generic representation of vaccines utilized to prevent Western equine encephalomyelitis in humans, most commonly formulated as inactivated (killed) virus preparations. These vaccines are designed to elicit protective immunity without the risk of causing disease. WEE virus DNA vaccine pVHX-6 encoding 26S VO_0004489 DNA vaccine Research pVAX [Ref1364:Nagata et al., 2005] Intraepidermal immunization Intraepidermal immunization DNA vaccine construction Vector pVAX expressed 26S structural genes of WEEV strain (Nagata et al., 2005). VO_0000286 When the DNA vaccine plasmid, pVHX-6, was administered intraepidermally to mice, followed by challenge in a lethal mouse model, the level of protection obtained ranged from 50 to 100% amongst three strains of WEEV (Nagata et al., 2005). WEEV DNA Vaccine encoding 6K-E1 Protein VO_0011505 DNA vaccine Research pVAX [Ref1366:Gauci et al., 2010] Gene Gun Gene Gun DNA vaccine construction DNA vaccine construction BALB/c Three doses of the DNA vaccine containing 2 μg of plasmid DNA in each vaccine were administered 14 days apart by using a Helios gene gun. Inactivated WEE vaccine was used as a positive control (Gauci et al., 2010). The 6K-E1 structural protein encoded by the DNA vaccine conferred complete protection against challenge with the homologous strain and limited protection against challenge with a heterologous strain (Gauci et al., 2010). At 14 days after the third vaccination, the mice were challenged intranasally with 1,500 PFU (25 50% lethal doses [LD50s]) of the homologous 71V-1658 strain of WEEV, 1,500 PFU (25 LD50s) of the heterologous Fleming strain, or 1,500 PFU of the heterologous CBA87 strain. The challenged mice were observed for 14 days for survival and the severity of the infection (Gauci et al., 2010). WEEV Subunit E2 Protein Vaccine VO_0011506 Subunit vaccine Research Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) TiterMax Gold adjuvant (Das et al., 2007). Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) Recombinant protein preparation BALB/c mice were immunized intraperitoneally with 50 μg of endotoxin-free E. coli-expressed rE2 antigen emulsified with equal volume of TiterMax Gold adjuvant. Two weeks following primary immunization, mice were immunized with the same amount of antigen emulsified with TiterMax Gold adjuvants. After the 3rd and 4th week, mice were further immunized with the same amount of antigen diluted in PBS. Control mice were immunized with only TiterMax Gold adjuvants (Das et al., 2007). rE2-immunized mice were be partially protected from lethal challenge of WEEV (Das et al., 2007). Live virus working stocks were prepared by diluting 1.5 × 10^3 Plaque Forming Units (PFUs) of WEEV in 50 μl HBSS and was administered to the mice intranasally. Sodium pentobarbital (50 mg/kg body weight) was used intraperitoneally to anaesthetize the mice. When the animals were unconscious, they were carefully supported by hand with their nose up and the virus suspension in HBSS gently applied with a micropipette intranasally. The applied volume was then naturally inhaled into the lungs. Infected animals were observed daily, for up to 14 days post-infection (Das et al., 2007). Western equine encephalomyelitis virus PE2/E1 mutant vaccine WE2130 VO_0003000 Live, attenuated vaccine Research subcutaneous injection subcutaneous injection Gene mutation This PE2/E1 mutant is from Western equine encephalomyelitis virus (Turell et al., 2003). Gene mutation This PE2/E1 mutant is from Western equine encephalomyelitis virus (Turell et al., 2003). WE2130 induced low-level viremia in chickens (Turell et al., 2003). WE2130 protected chickens from challenge with wild type WEE two weeks after initial vaccination (Turell et al., 2003). Western equine encephalomyelitis virus PE2/E2 mutant virus WE2102 VO_0003002 Live, attenuated vaccine Research subcutaneous injection subcutaneous injection Gene mutation This PE2/E2 mutant is from Western equine encephalomyelitis virus (Turell et al., 2003). Gene mutation This PE2/E2 mutant is from Western equine encephalomyelitis virus (Turell et al., 2003). WE2102 induced low-level viremia in chickens (Turell et al., 2003). WE2102 protected chickens from challenge with wild type WEE two weeks after initial vaccination (Turell et al., 2003). 26S Western equine encephalomyelitis virus 7330241 CDD:279312 CDD:279849 CDD:279311 CDD:279870 11039 ? structural polyprotein 8.62 127600.08 1325 Alphavirus core protein; pfam00944 >AAF60166.1 structural polyprotein [Western equine encephalitis virus] MFPYPQLNFPPVYPTNPMAYRDPNPPRCRWRPFRPPLAAQIEDLRRSIANLTFKQRAPNPPPCPPPKKKK SAPEPKPTQPKKKKQQAKKTKRKPKPWKRQRMCMKLESDKTFPIMLNGQVNGYACVVGGRLMKPLHVEGK IDNEQLAAVKLKKASMYDLEYGDVPQNMKSDTLQYTSDKPPGFYNWHHGAVQYENGRFTVPRGVGGKGDS GRPILDNRGRVVAIVLGGANEGTRTALSVVTWNQKGVTIKDTPEGSEPWSLVTALCVLSNVTFPCDKPPV CYSLAPERTLDVLEENVDNPNYDTLLENVLKCPSRRPKRSITDDFTLTSPYLGFCPNCRHSAPCFSPIKI ENVWDESDDGSIRIQVSAQFGYNQAGTADVTKFRYMSYDHDHDIEEDSMEKIAISTSGPCRRLGHKGYFL LAQCPPGDSVTVSITSGASENSCTVEFKIRRKFVGREEYLFPPVHGKRVKCHVYDHLKERSAGYITMHRP SPHAYKSYLKEASGEVYIKPPSGKNVTYECKCGDYSTGIVSTPTKMNGCTKAKQCIAYKSDQTKWVFNSP DLIRHTDHSVQGKLHIPFRLIPTVCPVPLAHTPTVTKWFKGITLHLTATRPTLLTTRKLGLRADATAEWI TGTTSRNFSVGREGLEYVWGNHEPVRVWAQESAPSDPHGWPHEIIIHYYHRHPVYTVIVLCGVALAILVG TASSAACITKARRDCLTPYALAPNATVPTALAVLCCIRPTNAETFGETLNHLWFNNQPFLWAQLCIPLAA LIILFRCFSCCMPFLLVAGVCLGKVDAFEHATTVPNVPGIPYKALVERAGYAPLNLEIKVVSSELTPSTN KEYVTCKFHTVIPSPQVKCCGSLECKASSKADYTCRVFGGVYPFMWGGAQCFCDSENTQLSEAYVEFAPD CTIDHAVALRVHTAALKVGLRIVYGNTTAYLDTFVNGVTPGSSRDLKVIAGPISAAFSPFDHKVVIRKGL VYNYDFPEYGAMKPGAFGDIQASSLDATDIVARTDIRLLKPSVKNIHVPYTQAVSGYEMWKNNSGRPLQE TAPFGCKIEVEPLRASNCAYGHIPISIDIPDAAFVRSSESPTILEVSCTADCIYSADFGGSLTLQYKADR EGHCPVHSHSTTAVLKEATTHVTATGSITLHFSTSSPQANFIVSLCGKKTTCNAECKPPADHIIGEPHKV DQEFQAAVSKTSWNWLLALFGGASSLIVVGLIVLVCSSMLINTRR Protective antigen 6K Western equine encephalomyelitis virus VO_0011307 29611993 CDD:279870 11039 ? 6K protein 7.08 6303.88 117 Alphavirus E1 glycoprotein; pfam01589 >NP_818941.1 6K protein [Western equine encephalitis virus] ETFGETLNHLWFNNQPFLWAQLCIPLAALVILFRCFSCCMPFLLVAGVCLGKVDA Protective antigen DNA vaccines encoding different portions of the structural proteins of western equine encephalitis virus were tested for the efficacy of their protection in a 100% lethal mouse model of the virus. The 6K-E1 structural protein encoded by the DNA vaccine conferred complete protection against challenge with the homologous strain and limited protection against challenge with a heterologous strain [Ref1366:Gauci et al., 2010]. Note: The 6K protein is part of the 6K-E1 structural protein E1 Western equine encephalomyelitis virus VO_0011306 17148716 17148717 AAL35792.1 CDD:279870 11039 ? glycoprotein 6.22 33702.07 411 Alphavirus E1 glycoprotein; pfam01589 >gi|17148716|gb|AF398393.1| Western equine encephalomyelitis virus glycoprotein (E1) mRNA, partial cds AGACGCACAGTGCTTTTGTGACAGCGAGAACACGCAACTAAGCGAAGCATATGTCGAGTTTGCTCCAGAT TGCACTGTAGATCACGCAGTCGCTTTAAAAGTTCACACAGCTGCTTTGAAAGTCAGCCTGCGCATAGTAT ATGGCAATACCACCGCGCGCCTGGATACGTTCGTTAATGGCGTCACACCAGGTTCCACGCGAGACCTGAA GGTCATCGCAGGGCCGATATCAGCCGCTTTTTCGCCCTTTGACCATAAAGTCGTTATTAGAAAAGGGCTT GTCTACAACTATGACTTTCCAGAGTACGGAGCCATGAGACCAGGTGTGTTCGGCGATATTCAAGCATCTT CGCTAGACGCCAAGGACATAGTAGCCCGCACTGACATACGGCTGCTGAAGCCTTCTGTCAAGAACATCCA TGTTCCTTACACCCAAGCAGTGTCAGGGTATGAAATGTGGAAGAACAATTCAGGACGGCCACTGCAAGAA ACGGCACCGTTTGGCTGTAAAATCGAAGTGGAGCCTTTGCGAGCGTCTGATTGCGCTTATGGGCACATCC CTATCTCAATCGATATTCCTGACGCAGCTTTCGTGAGATCATCAGAGTCACCTACAATTCTAGAAGTCAG CTGCTCGGTAGCAGACTGCATCTATTCGGCAGACTTTGGAGGCTCACTGACACTACAGTACAAAGCTGAC AGGGAGGGACACTGTCCAGTTCACTCTCACTCCACTACAGCTGTCTTGAAGGAAGCGACCACACACGTGA CTGCCATAGGCAGCATAACGCTACATTTCAGTACATCAAGCCCACAAGCAAATTTTATAATTTCGCTGTG TGGCAAGAAGACTACTTGCAATGCTGAATGCAAACCACCAGAGGACCACATAATTGGTGAACCACACAAG GTTGACCAGGAATTCCAGGCGGCAGTTTCTAAAACATCCTGGAACTGGCTCGTCGCGCTGTTTGGGGGAG CATCATCCCTCATTGTTGTAGGACT >AAL35792.1 glycoprotein, partial [Western equine encephalitis virus] DAQCFCDSENTQLSEAYVEFAPDCTVDHAVALKVHTAALKVSLRIVYGNTTARLDTFVNGVTPGSTRDLK VIAGPISAAFSPFDHKVVIRKGLVYNYDFPEYGAMRPGVFGDIQASSLDAKDIVARTDIRLLKPSVKNIH VPYTQAVSGYEMWKNNSGRPLQETAPFGCKIEVEPLRASDCAYGHIPISIDIPDAAFVRSSESPTILEVS CSVADCIYSADFGGSLTLQYKADREGHCPVHSHSTTAVLKEATTHVTAIGSITLHFSTSSPQANFIISLC GKKTTCNAECKPPEDHIIGEPHKVDQEFQAAVSKTSWNWLVALFGGASSLIVVGL Protective antigen DNA vaccines encoding different portions of the structural proteins of western equine encephalitis virus were tested for the efficacy of their protection in a 100% lethal mouse model of the virus. The 6K-E1 structural protein encoded by the DNA vaccine conferred complete protection against challenge with the homologous strain and limited protection against challenge with a heterologous strain [Ref1366:Gauci et al., 2010]. Note: The E1 glycoprotein is part of the 6K-E1 structural protein Virmugen A PE2 mutant combined with a deletion in E1 (WE2130) induced low-level viremia in chickens and protected against challenge with wild type WEE after 2 weeks. This study also found that it is unlikely that mosquito transmission of this strain would occur [Ref2061:Turell et al., 2003]. E2 Western equine encephalomyelitis virus VO_0011305 29611992 CDD:279311 11039 ? E2 protein 8.39 44557.05 491 Alphavirus E2 glycoprotein; pfam00943 >NP_818940.1 E2 protein [Western equine encephalitis virus] SITDDFTLTSPYLGFCPYCRHSTPCFSPIKIENVWDESDDGSIRIQVSAQFGYNQAGTADVTKFRYMSFD HDHDIKEDSMEKIAISTSGPCRRLGHKGYFLLAQCPPGDSVTVSITSGASENSCTVEKKIRRKFVGREEY LFPPVHGKLVKCHVYDHLKETSAGYITMHRPGPHAYKSYLEEASGEVYIKPPSGKNVTYECKCGDYSTGI VSTRTKMNGCTKAKQCIAYKSDQTKWVFNSPDLIRHTDHSVQGKLHIPFRLTPTVCPVPLAHTPTVTKWF KGITLHLTAMRPTLLTTRKLGLRADATAEWITGSTSRNFSVGREGLEYVWGNHEPVRVWAQESAPGDPHG WPHEIIIHYYHRHPVYTVIVLCGVALAILVGTASSAACIAKARRDCLTPYALAPNATVPTALAVLCCIRP TNA Protective antigen This report describes the successful cloning of the E2 gene of WEEV and expression in Escherichia coli as inclusion bodies. The immunogenicity of the refolded rE2 protein was demonstrated by strong humoral and cell mediated immune (CMI) responses in rE2-immunized BALB/c mice. The current study also demonstrated that rE2-immunized mice could be partially protected from lethal challenge of WEEV [Ref1365:Das et al., 2007]. Virmugen A PE2 mutant combined with a deletion in E2 (WE2102) induced low-level viremia in chickens and protected against challenge with wild type WEE after 2 weeks. This study also found that it is unlikely that mosquito transmission of this strain would occur [Ref2061:Turell et al., 2003]. PE2 Western equine encephalomyelitis virus 90811336 CDD:109979 CDD:190039 CDD:109978 CDD:144979 11039 ? structural polyprotein 1236 Alphavirus core protein; pfam00944 >gi|90811336|gb|ABD98014.1| structural polyprotein [Western equine encephalomyelitis virus] MFPYPQLNFPPVYPTNPMAYRDPNPPRRRWRPFRPPLAAQIEDLRRSIANLTFKQRAPNPPPGPPPKKKK SAPKPKPTQPKKKKQQAKKTKRKPKPGKRQRMCMKLESDKTFPIMLNGQVNGYACVVGGRLMKPLHVEGK IDNEQLAAVKLKKASMYDLEYGDVPQNMKSDTLQYTSDKPPGFYNWHHGAVQYENGRFTVPRGVGGKGDS GRPILDNRGRVVAIVLGGANEGTRTALSVVTWNQKGVTIKDTPEGSEPWSLVTALCVLSNVTFPCDKPPV CYSLAPERTLDVLEENVDNPNYDTLLENVLKCPSRRPKRSITDDFTLTSPYLGFCPYCRHSAPCFSPIKI ENVWDESDDGSIRIQVSAQFGYNQAGTADVTKFRYMSYDHDHDIKEDSMEKLAISTSGPCRRLGHKGYFL LAQCPPGDSVTVSITSGASENSCTVEKKIRRKFVGREEYLFPPVHGKLVKCHVYDHLKETSAGYITMHRP GPHAYKSYLEEASGEVYIKPPSGKNVTYECKCGDYSTGIVSTRTKMNGCTKAKQCIAYKRDQTKWVFNSP DLIRHTDHSVQGKLHIPFRLTPTVCPVPLAHTPTVTKWFKGITLHLTATRPTLLTTRKLGLRADATAEWI TGTTSRNFSVGREGLEYVWGNHEPVRVWAQESAPGDPHGWPHEIIIHYYHRHPVYTVIVLCGVALAILVG TASSAACIAKARRDCLTPYALAPNATVPTALAVLCCIRPTNAETFGETLNHLWFNNQPFLWAQLCIPLAA LIILFRCFSCCMPFLLVAGVCLGKVDAFEHATTVPNVPGIPYKALVERAGYAPLNLEITVVSSELTPSTN KEYVTCKFHTVVPSPQVKCCGSLECKASSKADYTCRVFGGVYPFMWGGAQCFCDSENTQLSEAYVEFAPD CTIDHAVALKVHTAALKVGLRIVYGNTTARLDTFVNGVTPGSSRDLKVIAGPISAAFSPFDHKVVIRKGL VYNYDFPEYGAMNPGAFGDIQASSLDATDIVARTDIRLLKPSVKNIHVPYTQAVSGYEMWKNNSGRPLQE TAPFGCKIEVEPLRATNCAYGHIPISIDIPDAAFVRSSESPTILEVSCTVADCIYSADFGGSLTLQYKAN REGHCPVHSHSTTAVLKEATTHVTATGSITLHFSTSSPQANFIVSLCGKKTTCNAECKPPADHIIGEPHK VDQEFQAAVSKTSWNWLLALFGGASSLIVVGLIVLVCSSMLINTRR Virmugen A PE2 mutant combined with either a deletion in E2 (WE2102) or E1 (WE2130) induced low-level viremia in chickens and protected against challenge with wild type WEE after 2 weeks. This study also found that it is unlikely that mosquito transmission of these two strains would occur [Ref2061:Turell et al., 2003]. Das et al., 2007 journal Das D, Nagata LP, Suresh MR 2007 128 1-2 26-33 Virus research Gauci et al., 2010 journal Gauci PJ, Wu JQ, Rayner GA, Barabé ND, Nagata LP, Proll DF 2010 17 1 176-179 Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI Nagata et al., 2005 journal Nagata LP, Hu WG, Masri SA, Rayner GA, Schmaltz FL, Das D, Wu J, Long MC, Chan C, Proll D, Jager S, Jebailey L, Suresh MR, Wong JP 2005 23 17-18 2280-2283 Vaccine Phillips et al., 2014 journal Phillips AT, Schountz T, Toth AM, Rico AB, Jarvis DL, Powers AM, Olson KE 2014 88 3 1771-1780 Journal of virology Turell et al., 2003 journal Turell MJ, O'Guinn ML, Parker MD 2003 68 2 218-221 The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene Wiki: Western equine encephalomyelitis virus website http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_equine_encephalitis_virus Wu et al., 2007 journal Wu JQ, Barabé ND, Chau D, Wong C, Rayner GR, Hu WG, Nagata LP 2007 25 22 4368-4375 Vaccine