Burkholderia pseudomallei 28450 B. pseudomallei is an "accidental pathogen". It is an environmental organism that has no requirement to pass through an animal host in order to replicate. From the point of view of the bacterium, human infection is an evolutionary "dead end". B. pseudomallei is able to invade cells, polymerise actin and to spread from cell to cell, causing cell fusion and the formation of multinucleate giant cells (Wiki: B. pseudomallei). Melioidosis B. pseudomallei infects humans and animals and causes the disease melioidosis. It is also capable of infecting plants (Wiki: B. pseudomallei). The bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei is a gram-negative saprophytic bacillus that is found predominantly in Southeast Asia and tropical Australia and is the causative agent of the emerging infection melioidosis. Infection of humans with B. pseudomallei may occur by various routes, including via wounds and existing skin lesions, aspiration of contaminated water during near-drowning, and inhalation of organisms. The clinical manifestations of melioidosis are not uniform, and patients can present with pneumonia, skin abscesses, soft tissue abscesses, or osteomyelitis/septic arthritis. Pneumonic melioidosis is presented in over 50% of acute cases of the disease, and disseminated pneumonia is associated with high mortality. Chronic melioidosis usually occurs following acute melioidosis, and relapsing melioidosis can result from the reactivation of a latent B. pseudomallei infection, often due to the withdrawal of antibiotics or the failure to complete prescribed courses of antibiotics (Harland et al., 2007). Baboon Papio cynocephalus 9556 Bank vole Clethrionomys glareolus 447135 Bear Ursus americanus 9643 Birds Passeroidea 175121 Brown Trout Salmo trutta 8032 Buffalo Bison bison 9901 Carnivores Vulpes 9625 Cat Felis catus 9685 Catfishes Siluriformes 7995 Cattle Bos taurus 9913 Chicken Gallus gallus 9031 Chimpanzee Pan troglodytes 9598 chinchillas Chinchillidae 10150 Copper Pheasant Syrmaticus soemmerringii 9067 Deer Cervus elaphus 9860 Deer mouse Peromyscus maniculatus 10042 Dog Canis familiaris 9615 Ducks Anas 8835 Ferret Mustela putorius furo 9669 Fish Hyperotreti 117565 Gerbil Gerbillina 10045 Goat Capra hircus 9925 Gray wolf Canis lupus 9612 Guinea pig Cavia porcellus 10141 Hamster Mesocricetus auratus 10036 Horse Equus caballus 9796 Human Homo sapiens 9606 Macaque Macaca fascicularis 9541 Mongolian Gerbil Meriones unguiculatus 10047 Monkey Platyrrhini 9479 Mouse Mus musculus 10090 None None Parrot Psittacidae 9224 Pig Sus scrofa 9823 Rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus 9986 Rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss 8022 Rat Rattus 10114 Raven Corvus corax 56781 sei whale Balaenoptera borealis 9768 Sheep Ovis aries 9940 Squirrel Spermophilus richardsonii 37591 Tree shrew Tupaiidae 9393 Trouts, salmons & chars Salmoninae 504568 Turkey Meleagris gallopavo 9103 Vole Microtus ochrogaster 79684 Water buffalo Bubalus bubalis 391902 B. pseudomallei DNA vaccine encoding Flagellin Protein VO_0011538 DNA vaccine Research pcDNA3 [Ref1361:Chen et al., 2006] Intramuscular injection (i.m.) Intramuscular injection (i.m.) DNA vaccine construction Balb/c Six-week-old female Balb/c mice from groups 1–3 were injected intramuscularly (i.m.) with pcDNA3/fliC in PBS (50, 100 or 150 μg); whereas those from group 4 (the negative control) were injected (i.m) with vector DNA(150 μg; pcDNA3) in PBS, whilst those from group 5 (the positive control) were injected subcutaneously with recombinant flagellin antigens (50 μg) emulsified in complete Freund's adjuvant. Each animal from group 5 was subsequently boosted with the same dose of flagellin in incomplete Freund's adjuvant 14 days subsequent to the initial flagellin injection. The animals in groups 1–4 were boosted twice with an identical dose of plasmid DNA, once at 7 days and then again at 14 days after the initial injection (Chen et al., 2006). Subsequent intravenous challenge of the vaccinated Balb/c mice with 10(5)CFU of B. pseudomallei resulted in the number of bacterial cells detected in liver and/or spleen being significantly reduced in the flagellin plasmid DNA vaccinated mice. At 7 days subsequent to infection of B. pseudomallei, 5/6 (83%) of flagellin plasmid DNA vaccinated mice had survived (Chen et al., 2006). The immunized mice were infected via the tail vein with 105 CFU of mixed B. pseudomallei suspended in sterile PBS (50 μl). As control groups, the mice received either sterile PBS or vector DNA (Chen et al., 2006). Mice spleen cells were collected after an eight-week immunization. The up-regulation of IFN-γ production among the mice immunized with pcDNA3/fliC was significantly greater than among the mice either immunized with recombinant flagellin or vaccinated with vector DNA only (Chen et al., 2006). B. pseudomallei Subunit LolC Protein Vaccine VO_0011436 Subunit vaccine Research Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) Recombinant protein preparation BALB/c Female 5- to 6-week-old BALB/c mice were immunized with the purified recombinant LolC protein given with adjuvant (Harland et al., 2007). The recombinant LolC protein afforded significant protection against the B. pseudomallei challenge (Harland et al., 2007). Mice immunized with the LolC protein or appropriate controls were challenged with B. pseudomallei K96243 on day 70 (Harland et al., 2007). B. pseudomallei Subunit PotF Protein Vaccine VO_0011438 Subunit vaccine Research Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) Recombinant protein preparation BALB/c Female 5- to 6-week-old BALB/c mice were immunized with the purified recombinant PotF protein given with adjuvant (Harland et al., 2007). Immunization with the PotF protein domain afforded significant protection against a subsequent challenge with B. pseudomallei (Harland et al., 2007). Mice immunized with the PotF protein or appropriate controls were challenged with B. pseudomallei K96243 on day 70 (Harland et al., 2007). Burkholderia pseudomallei aroC deletion mutant vaccine VO_0002825 Live, attenuated vaccine Research Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) An unmarked aroC deletion mutant of B. pseudomallei strain A2 was constructed using a sucrose counter-selection strategy. The aroC deletion in the resultant mutant, designated A2DeltaaroC, was confirmed by PCR, Southern hybridization and failure of the mutant to grow in a defined medium without aromatic compound (Srilunchang et al., 2009). Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) Gene mutation Compared to the parental wild type strain, A2DeltaaroC was highly attenuated for virulence following intraperitoneal introduction into BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice (Srilunchang et al., 2009). C57BL/6 mice immunized intraperitoneally with A2DeltaaroC were significantly protected against a challenge dose of 6,000 cfu (20 x LD50) (Srilunchang et al., 2009). Burkholderia pseudomallei asd mutant vaccine VO_0002826 Live, attenuated vaccine Research intranasal immunization intranasal immunization Gene mutation This asd mutant is from Burkholderia pseudomallei (Norris et al., 2011). An asd mutant is highly attenuated in mice (Norris et al., 2011). An asd mutant induces protection against challenge with wild type B. pseudomallei (Norris et al., 2011). Burkholderia pseudomallei purM mutant vaccine VO_0002827 Live, attenuated vaccine Research Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) Gene mutation This purM mutant is from Burkholderia pseudomallei (Breitbach et al., 2008). A purM mutant is attenuated in mice (Breitbach et al., 2008). A purM mutant induced protection from challenge with wild type B. pseudomallei (Breitbach et al., 2008). Burkholderia pseudomallei purN mutant vaccine VO_0002828 Live, attenuated vaccine Research Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) Gene mutation This purN mutant is from Burkholderia pseudomallei (Breitbach et al., 2008). A purN mutant was attenuated in mice, as mice did not show any clinical symptoms of illness (Breitbach et al., 2008). A purN induced strong protection in mice from challenge with wild type B. pseudomallei (Breitbach et al., 2008). licensed Melioidosis human vaccine Generic Unknown VO_0012175 Inactivated or "killed" vaccine Licensed A generic representation of vaccines developed to prevent melioidosis in humans, typically utilizing inactivated or killed Burkholderia pseudomallei bacteria to elicit protective immune responses. These vaccines aim to reduce disease severity and incidence by safely exposing the immune system to non-viable pathogen components. aroC Burkholderia pseudomallei 1106a 4899749 126453136 BURPS1106A_1713 CP000572 YP_001065984 357348 I 1672513 1673622 + chorismate synthase 6.35 36184.83 369 catalyzes the formation of chorismate from 5-O-(1-carboxyvinyl)-3-phosphoshikimate in aromatic amino acid biosynthesis >gi|126451443:1672513-1673622 Burkholderia pseudomallei 1106a chromosome I, complete genome TATGTCCGGCAACACCCTCGGCACGCTTTTCACTGTCACGACCTTCGGCGAATCGCACGGCCCCGCGATC GGCTGCGTGATCGACGGCTGCCCGCCGGGCATGGCGCTCACGGAAGCCGACGTCCAGCTCGAGCTCGACC GCCGCAAGCCCGGCACGTCGCGCCACGTCACGCAGCGTCAGGAGCCCGACCAGGTCGAGATCCTGTCCGG CGTGTTCGAGGGCGTGACGACCGGCGCGCCGATCGCGCTCCTGATCCGCAACACCGACCAGCGCAGCAAG GACTACGGCAACATCGCCGAGACGTTCCGCCCGGGCCATGCCGATTACACCTACTGGCAAAAGTACGGCG TGCGCGACTATCGCGGCGGCGGCCGCTCGTCCGCGCGGCTGACGGCGCCCGTCGTCGGCGCCGGCGCGAT CGCGAAGAAGTGGCTGCGCGAGCGCTTCGGCGTCGAGGTGCGCGGCTACATGAGCGCGCTCGGCGAAATC GAGATCCCGTTCGTCGACTGGTCGCACGTGCGCGAGAACCCGTTCTTCGCGCCGAACGCCGACATCGTGC CGCAACTCGAGGGCTACATGGACGCGCTGCGCAAGGACGGCGATTCGATCGGCGCGCGCATCGATGTCGT CGCGTCGGGCGTGCCGGTCGGCTGGGGCGAGCCGCTGTTCGACCGGCTCGACGCCGACATCGCGCACGCG ATGATGGGGATCAACGCGGTGAAGGGCGTCGAGATCGGCGCGGGTTTCGCGAGCGTCGCGCAGCGCGGTT CGGTGCACGGCGACGAGCTGACGCCGGACGGCTTCGTCGGCAATCACGCGGGCGGCGTGCTCGGCGGCAT CTCGACGGGGCAGGACATCACGGTGTCGATCGCGATCAAGCCGACGTCGAGCATTCGCACGCCGCGCCGC TCGATCACGCGGGCGGGCGAACCCGCCGTCGTCGAGACGTTCGGCCGCCACGACCCGTGCGTCGGGATTC GCGCGACGCCGATCGCCGAATCGATGCTCGCGCTCGTGCTGATCGATCACGCGCTGCGGCACCGCGCGCA GTGCGGCGACGTGTCGAGCGCGACGCCGAGGATCGCCGCGCGCGCGCCGGACGCGCAATG >gi|126453136|ref|YP_001065984.1| chorismate synthase [Burkholderia pseudomallei 1106a] MSGNTLGTLFTVTTFGESHGPAIGCVIDGCPPGMALTEADVQLELDRRKPGTSRHVTQRQEPDQVEILSG VFEGVTTGAPIALLIRNTDQRSKDYGNIAETFRPGHADYTYWQKYGVRDYRGGGRSSARLTAPVVGAGAI AKKWLRERFGVEVRGYMSALGEIEIPFVDWSHVRENPFFAPNADIVPQLEGYMDALRKDGDSIGARIDVV ASGVPVGWGEPLFDRLDADIAHAMMGINAVKGVEIGAGFASVAQRGSVHGDELTPDGFVGNHAGGVLGGI STGQDITVSIAIKPTSSIRTPRRSITRAGEPAVVETFGRHDPCVGIRATPIAESMLALVLIDHALRHRAQ CGDVSSATPRIAARAPDAQ Virmugen The aroC deletion in the resultant mutant, designated A2ΔaroC, was confirmed by PCR, Southern hybridization and failure of the mutant to grow in a defined medium without aromatic compounds. The constructed unmarked aroC mutant of B. pseudomallei is attenuated in both BALB/c and C57Bl/6 mice and is able to confer significant protection in C57Bl/6 mice [Ref1722:Srilunchang et al., 2009]. asd Burkholderia pseudomallei 1026b 2358232 CDD:200773 CDD:162144 884204 II 2291554 2292675 - aspartate beta-semialdehyde dehydrogenase 5.09 37414.1 90 Rossmann-fold NAD(P)(+)-binding proteins; cl09931 >gi|126455463:2291554-2292675 Burkholderia pseudomallei 1106a chromosome chromosome II, complete sequence TTTACTTGTCGAGCAGAATGCGCAGCATCCGGCGCAGCGGCTCGGCCGCGCCCCACAGCAATTGATCGCC GACGGTAAATGCCGACAGGTATTCGCCACCCATCGCGAGCTTGCGCAGGCGGCCGACCGGCACCGACAGC GTGCCCGTCACCTTCGCCGGCGACAGATCGCGCATCGACGCCTCGCGCTCGTTCGGCACGACCTTCACCC AGTCGTTCGCCGATGCGAGCATGCCGTTGATCTCGTCGAGCGGCACGTCCTTCTTCAGCTTGATCGTGAG CGCCTGCGAGTGGCAGCGCATCGCGCCGATCCGCACGCACAGGCCGTCGACCGGAATCGAGCCCGGCTCG CCCATCGCCGGCTTGCCGAGGATCTTGTTGGTTTCCGCGCCGCCCTTCCACTCTTCCTTCGACATGCCGT TGCCGAGATCCTTGTCGATCCACGGAATCAGCGAGCCGGCAAGCGGCACGCCGAACTGGCTCGTCGGCAT CGCGTCGCCGTTCATCGCGGCGAGCACGCGGCGGTCGATATCGAGGATCGCCGAGGCCGGATCGGCGAGC TGCGCCGCCACCGCGCCGTTGAGCGCGCCCATCTGCGCGAGCAGCTCGCGCATGTTCTGCGCGCCCGCGC CCGACGCGGCCTGGTAGGTCATCGCCGTCATCCAGTCGACGAGGTTCTCGCGGAACAGGCCGCCCAGCGC CATCAGCATCAGGCTGACCGTGCAGTTGCCGCCGATGAAGTTCTTCGTGCCGTTGACGAGCGCGTCCTTG ATCACGTTCAGGTTCACGGGATCGAGAATGATCACCGCGTCGTCCTTCATCCGCAGCGACGACGCCGCAT CGATCCAGTAGCCGTTCCAGCCGGCCGCGCGCAGCTTCGGGAACACGTCGCTCGTGTAATCGCCGCCCTG GCACGTGATGATCGCGTCGCACTTCTTCAGGTCGTCGATGCTCGTCGCATCCTTGAGCGTGGTCTCGTTT TTCGCGAACGACGGCGCCTTGCCGCCCGCGTTGCTGGTGCTGAAAAACACCGGCTCGATCAGATCGAAAT CGCCTTCTTCCTGCATGCGCTGCATCAGCACGCTGCCGACCATGCCGCGCCAACCTACGAGACCTACGTT CA >gi|2358232|gb|AAB69093.1| aspartate beta-semialdehyde dehydrogenase [Burkholderia pseudomallei 1026b] CQGGDNASDVFPKPRAAGWNGYWIDAASSLRMKDDAVIILDPVNLNVIKDALVNGTKNFIGGNCTVSLML MALDGLFRENLVDWMTAMTY Virmugen An asd mutant is highly attenuated in mice. This mutant was also able to protect against acute inhalation melioidosis caused by challenge with wild type B. pseudomallei [Ref2078:Norris et al., 2011]. fliC VO_0011303 1929918 CDD:236344 884204 ? flagellin 4.84 37016.41 451 flagellin; Reviewed >AAB51476.1 flagellin [Burkholderia pseudomallei 1026b] MLGINSNINSLVAQQNLNGSQGALSQAITRLSSGKRINSAADDAAGLAIATRMQTQINGLNQGVSNANDG VSILQTASSGLTSLTNSLQRIRQLAVQASNGPLSASDASALQQEVAQQISEVNRIASQTNYNGKNILDGS AGTLSFQVGANVGQTVSVDLTQSMSAAKIGGGMVQTGQTLGTIKVAIDSSGAAWSSGSTGQETTQINVVS DGKGGFTFTDQNNQALSSTAVTAVFGSSTAGTGTAASPSFQTLALSTSATSALSATDQANATAMVAQINA VNKPQTVSNLDISTQTGAYQAMVSIDNALATVNNLQATLGAAQNRFTAIATTQQAGSNNLAQAQSQIQSA DFAQETANLSRAQVLQQAGISVLAQANSLPQQVLKLLQ Protective antigen Flagellin encoding plasmid DNA was injected into Balb/c mice intramuscularly and this elicited both a humoral and a cellular immune response. Subsequent intravenous challenge of the vaccinated Balb/c mice with 10^5CFU of B. pseudomallei resulted in the number of bacterial cells detected in liver and/or spleen being significantly reduced in the flagellin plasmid DNA vaccinated mice. At 7 days subsequent to infection of B. pseudomallei, 5/6 (83%) of flagellin plasmid DNA vaccinated mice had survived [Ref1361:Chen et al., 2006]. Ifng (Interferon gamma) Mouse 15978 33468859 NM_008337 NP_032363.1 MGI:107656; UniProt:P01580 10090 ? >gi|145966741|ref|NM_008337.3| Mus musculus interferon gamma (Ifng), mRNA ATAGCTGCCATCGGCTGACCTAGAGAAGACACATCAGCTGATCCTTTGGACCCTCTGACTTGAGACAGAA GTTCTGGGCTTCTCCTCCTGCGGCCTAGCTCTGAGACAATGAACGCTACACACTGCATCTTGGCTTTGCA GCTCTTCCTCATGGCTGTTTCTGGCTGTTACTGCCACGGCACAGTCATTGAAAGCCTAGAAAGTCTGAAT AACTATTTTAACTCAAGTGGCATAGATGTGGAAGAAAAGAGTCTCTTCTTGGATATCTGGAGGAACTGGC AAAAGGATGGTGACATGAAAATCCTGCAGAGCCAGATTATCTCTTTCTACCTCAGACTCTTTGAAGTCTT GAAAGACAATCAGGCCATCAGCAACAACATAAGCGTCATTGAATCACACCTGATTACTACCTTCTTCAGC AACAGCAAGGCGAAAAAGGATGCATTCATGAGTATTGCCAAGTTTGAGGTCAACAACCCACAGGTCCAGC GCCAAGCATTCAATGAGCTCATCCGAGTGGTCCACCAGCTGTTGCCGGAATCCAGCCTCAGGAAGCGGAA AAGGAGTCGCTGCTGATTCGGGGTGGGGAAGAGATTGTCCCAATAAGAATAATTCTGCCAGCACTATTTG AATTTTTAAATCTAAACCTATTTATTAATATTTAAAACTATTTATATGGAGAATCTATTTTAGATGCATC AACCAAAGAAGTATTTATAGTAACAACTTATATGTGATAAGAGTGAATTCCTATTAATATATGTGTTATT TATAATTTCTGTCTCCTCAACTATTTCTCTTTGACCAATTAATTATTCTTTCTGACTAATTAGCCAAGAC TGTGATTGCGGGGTTGTATCTGGGGGTGGGGGACAGCCAAGCGGCTGACTGAACTCAGATTGTAGCTTGT ACCTTTACTTCACTGACCAATAAGAAACATTCAGAGCTGCAGTGACCCCGGGAGGTGCTGCTGATGGGAG GAGATGTCTACACTCCGGGCCAGCGCTTTAACAGCAGGCCAGACAGCACTCGAATGTGTCAGGTAGTAAC AGGCTGTCCCTGAAAGAAAGCAGTGTCTCAAGAGACTTGACACCTGGTGCTTCCCTATACAGCTGAAAAC TGTGACTACACCCGAATGACAAATAACTCGCTCATTTATAGTTTATCACTGTCTAATTGCATATGAATAA AGTATACCTTTGCAACC >gi|33468859|ref|NP_032363.1| interferon gamma [Mus musculus] MNATHCILALQLFLMAVSGCYCHGTVIESLESLNNYFNSSGIDVEEKSLFLDIWRNWQKDGDMKILQSQI ISFYLRLFEVLKDNQAISNNISVIESHLITTFFSNSKAKKDAFMSIAKFEVNNPQVQRQAFNELIRVVHQ LLPESSLRKRKRSRC IFN-gamma plays a critical role in Th1 type immune response. It is important for protection against infections by various viruses and intracellular bacteria. Vaximmutor The experimental data demonstrated that three time vaccinations with BCG in BALB/c mice induced strong TB Ag-specific IFN-gamma immune responses in splenocytes [Ref2101:Wang et al., 2009]. LolC/E Burkholderia pseudomallei K96243 VO_0010921 3093214 53719887 BPSL2277 CP009538 YP_108873 272560 1 2742869 2744122 - lipoprotein releasing system transmembrane protein 9.43 41147.07 417 Similar to Escherichia coli lipoprotein releasing system transmembrane protein LolE SWALL:LOLE_ECOLI (SWALL:P75958) (413 aa) fasta scores: E(): 1.3e-42, 34.54% id in 414 aa, and to Ralstonia solanacearum probable lipoprotein releasing system transmembrane rsc1117 or rs05757 SWALL:Q8Y0C7 (EMBL:AL646062) (416 aa) fasta scores: E(): 1.4e-112, 71.46% id in 417 aa >NC_006350.1:2742869-2744122 Burkholderia pseudomallei K96243 chromosome 1, complete sequence GTCATTCATAGCGCAGCGCCTCCGCCGGGCGCACCTTCGCGCCGCGCCAGCTCGGATAGAGCGTCGCGAG CGCGGACAGCGCGAAAGCGATCACGCCGATCTTGATCACGTCGCCCGCGACGAGCTCGGACGGCAGCTCG CTGATGAAGTACACCGACGGCGGCAGGAACTGCACGCCGAACGCATGCTCGATCATCGGAATGAGCCACG GAATGCTCCACGCGATCAGGCAGCCGAGCGCGACGCCCGTCGCGGTCCCGACGAAGCCGATCGTCACGCC CTGCACGACGAAGATCTTCATGATCGAGCCCGGCTGCGCGCCGAGCGTGCGCAGGATCGCGATGTCCGCC TGCTTGTTCGTCACGGTCATCACGAGCGACGACACGAGATTGAACGCCGCGACCGCGATGATCAGCGTGA GGATGATGAACATCATCCGCTTCTCGATCTGCACCGCGGAGAACCACGTCTTGTTCTGCTGCGTCCAGTC GCGGATGTACAGGTCGCCCGACAGCGTGTGCGCGAGCTCGCGCGCGACCTGCGGCGCCTTCTGCATGTCC GTGAGGCGCAGCCGCACGCCCGTCGGCGCGGGCAGCCTGAAGAGCGCCTGCGCATCCTGGATGTCGATCA TCGCAAGCGTGCTGTCGTATTCGTAGTGCCCGGACTCGAAGATGCCGACCACCGTGAACTGCTTCAGGCG CGGCATCATCCCGGCCGGCGTGATCGTGCCTTCCGGCGCGACGAGCGTGACCTTGTCGCCGACGCCCACG CCGAGATTGCCCGCGAGCGCGTTGCCGAGCACGATCCCGAACTGGCCGGGCGCGAGCGCGGTGAGCGCGC CCGCCTTCATGTCCTTGCCGATGTCGGACACCTGCGGCTCGAGCGACGGCTCGACGCCGCGCAGCATCAC GCCGCTCACCGCGTCCTGCCGCGTGAGCAGCGCCTGCGCGTCGACATACGGCGCCGCGCCGATCACCGAG CGGTTCAGGCGCGCTTCCTTCGCGGTCAGTTGCCAGTCGGGCATCGAGCCCGTCGGCGAGAAGATCTCGA CGTGCGCGAGCACCGACAGCATCCGGTCGCGCACCTCTTTCTGGAAGCCGTTCATCACCGACAGCACGAC GATGAGCGCCGCGACGCCGAGCGCGATCCCGAGCATCGACACGAGCGCGATGAAGGAAATGAAGCCGTTG CCGGTCGTGCGTTTGCCGGCGCGCGTGTAGCGCCAGCCGATCTGCCATTCGTACGGGAGTTTCA >YP_108873.1 lipoprotein releasing system transmembrane protein [Burkholderia pseudomallei K96243] MKLPYEWQIGWRYTRAGKRTTGNGFISFIALVSMLGIALGVAALIVVLSVMNGFQKEVRDRMLSVLAHVE IFSPTGSMPDWQLTAKEARLNRSVIGAAPYVDAQALLTRQDAVSGVMLRGVEPSLEPQVSDIGKDMKAGA LTALAPGQFGIVLGNALAGNLGVGVGDKVTLVAPEGTITPAGMMPRLKQFTVVGIFESGHYEYDSTLAMI DIQDAQALFRLPAPTGVRLRLTDMQKAPQVARELAHTLSGDLYIRDWTQQNKTWFSAVQIEKRMMFIILT LIIAVAAFNLVSSLVMTVTNKQADIAILRTLGAQPGSIMKIFVVQGVTIGFVGTATGVALGCLIAWSIPW LIPMIEHAFGVQFLPPSVYFISELPSELVAGDVIKIGVIAFALSALATLYPSWRGAKVRPAEALRYE Protective antigen LolC was evaluated as an antigen for a vaccine candidate against B. pseudomallei infection. Nonmembrane regions of the B. pseudomallei protein was expressed and purified from Escherichia coli and then evaluated as a vaccine candidate in an established mouse model of B. pseudomallei infection. When delivered with the monophosphoryl lipid A-trehalose dicorynomycolate adjuvant, the protein stimulated antigen-specific humoral and cellular immune responses. Immunization with the LolC protein domain afforded significant protection against a subsequent challenge with B. pseudomallei. LolC provided a greater level of protection when it was administered with immune-stimulating complexes complexed with CpG oligodeoxynucleotide 10103. Immunization with LolC also protected against a subsequent challenge with a heterologous strain of B. pseudomallei, demonstrating the potential utility of this protein as a vaccine antigen for melioidosis [Ref1360:Harland et al., 2007]. PotF Burkholderia pseudomallei K96243 VO_0010922 3095748 53721504 BPSS0467 BX571966 YP_110489 272560 2 636534 637655 - ABC transporter substrate-binding protein 6.89 37606.43 373 Similar to Escherichia coli putrescine-binding periplasmic protein precursor PotF or b0854 SWALL:POTF_ECOLI (SWALL:P31133) (370 aa) fasta scores: E(): 3.3e-67, 49.3% id in 357 aa, and to Pseudomonas aeruginosa polyamine transport protein pa0301 SWALL:Q9I6J0 (EMBL:AE004468) (365 aa) fasta scores: E(): 6.3e-69, 49.59% id in 367 aa. Possible alternative translational start site >NC_006351.1:636534-637655 Burkholderia pseudomallei K96243 chromosome 2, complete sequence ATCAGTGTCCCGTCTTCAATTGCGCCCACAGACGGTTCTCGAGCCGCAGGATGTCGGCGGGCATCGGCCG CATCAGCGTCATCTTCTTGAGCACGTCCTCGGGCGGGTAGACGGTCGGGTCCTGCGCGACGGCGGGCACG ACGAACTGTCGCGCCGCGCGGTTCGCGCTCGGGTAGAACACTTCGTTGGTGATCGCCGCGTTGACCTTCG GGTCCTCGATGTAGTTGATCCACTTCAGCGCGGCTTCCGCGTGCGGCGCATCCTTCGGGATCACCATCAC GTCGAACCACAGCAGGCCGCCTTCCTTCGGATTCGAGAACTTGATGTCGTACGGGCGCTTCGCCTCGGCC GAGCGGCGATGCGCGATGCCGACGTCGCCCGACCAGCCGAGCGCGACGCATACGTCGTTGTTCGCGAGAT CGTTGATGTAGCCGGACGAGTTGAATTGCGTGATGTACGGGCGGACTTTCTTCAGCACCTCGAACGCCGC CTGGTAATCGGCCGGGTTCGTGCTGTTCGGATTCCTGCCCATGTATTGTAGCGTCGCGGCGAACACGTCG ACCGCCTGATCGAGGAACGATACGCCGCAGCCCTTGAGCTTGGATACGTTCGCCGGATCGAGCACGAGCG CCCAGCTGTCGACGGGCGCGTTCTCGCCGAGCGCCTTCTTCACCGCCTGCACGTTGTAGCCGAGGCCGTC GGTGCCGAACGCCCACGGCACGCCGTACTGGTTGCCCGGATCGGCGTCGGCGATCATCTTCATCAGCGTC GGATCGAGGTTCGACAGGTTCGGCAGCTTCGATTTGTCGAGCTTCTGGTAGACGCCCGCCTGAATCTGCT TGGCCATGTAGTTCGACGTCGGCACGACGATGTCGTAGCCGGAGCTGCCCGCGAGCAGCTTCGCCTGCAG CGTGTCGTCGCTGTCGTAGTTGTCGTACTTGACGTGGATGCCGGATTGCTTCTCGAAGTTCGGGATCGTG TCCTTCGCGATGTAGTCCGACCAGTTGTACACGTTCAGCTCGGCGCCGGCCGCGTGCGCGGCCGGCAGGG CGAGCGCCGACGCGCCGGCGAGCGCGACGAGCGCTGCGCGCGCGACCGCATGACGAAGATGGCTCACACT CA >YP_110489.1 ABC transporter substrate-binding protein [Burkholderia pseudomallei K96243] MSVSHLRHAVARAALVALAGASALALPAAHAAGAELNVYNWSDYIAKDTIPNFEKQSGIHVKYDNYDSDD TLQAKLLAGSSGYDIVVPTSNYMAKQIQAGVYQKLDKSKLPNLSNLDPTLMKMIADADPGNQYGVPWAFG TDGLGYNVQAVKKALGENAPVDSWALVLDPANVSKLKGCGVSFLDQAVDVFAATLQYMGRNPNSTNPADY QAAFEVLKKVRPYITQFNSSGYINDLANNDVCVALGWSGDVGIAHRRSAEAKRPYDIKFSNPKEGGLLWF DVMVIPKDAPHAEAALKWINYIEDPKVNAAITNEVFYPSANRAARQFVVPAVAQDPTVYPPEDVLKKMTL MRPMPADILRLENRLWAQLKTGH Protective antigen PotF was evaluated as an antigen for a vaccine candidate against B. pseudomallei infection. Nonmembrane regions of the B. pseudomallei protein was expressed and purified from Escherichia coli and then evaluated as a vaccine candidate in an established mouse model of B. pseudomallei infection. When delivered with the monophosphoryl lipid A-trehalose dicorynomycolate adjuvant, the protein stimulated antigen-specific humoral and cellular immune responses. Immunization with the PotF protein domain afforded significant protection against a subsequent challenge with B. pseudomallei [Ref1360:Harland et al., 2007]. purM Burkholderia pseudomallei K96243 3092877 53720427 BPSL2818 BX571965 YP_109413 272560 1 3369942 3370997 - phosphoribosylaminoimidazole synthetase 4.98 33766.88 351 Also known as purGcatalyzes the formation of 1-(5-phosphoribosyl)-5-aminoimidazole from 2-(formamido)-N1-(5-phosphoribosyl)acetamidine and ATP in purine biosynthesis >gi|53717639:3369942-3370997 Burkholderia pseudomallei K96243 chromosome chromosome 1, complete sequence GTCAGACCACGACCGTCTGCGCCTCGCCTTCGCGGCTCGCGCGCACGGTGCCGATCTTCCATACCTGCTC GCCCGCGTCGGCCAGTTGGCGGAGCGCGTCGTCCGCGTCGGCGGCCGACACGATCACGGCCATCCCGATC CCGCAGTTGAACACGCGGTGCATCTCCGCATCGGCGACGCCGCCGTGCTGCCGCAGCCACTGGAACAGCG GCGGCAGCGGCCATGCGTGCTGGTCGAGTTCGGCCGTGAGGCCGTCGCGCAGCACGCGCGGAATGTTCTC GACGAGGCCGCCGCCCGTGATGTGCGCCATTCCCTTCACCGCGATCTTCTCCATCAGCGCGAGGAGCGGC TTCACGTAGATGCGCGTCGGCGCCATCAGCGCGTCGGCGAGCGAGCGGCCGTGGAAATCGGCCGACAGGT CCGGATTCGCGCGCTCGATGATCTTGCGCACGAGCGAGAAACCGTTCGAATGGATGCCGCTCGACGCGAG GCCCAGCACGACGTCGCCCTCGGCGATCGTGCTGCCGTCAATGATCTTGCTCTTCTCGACCGCGCCGACC GCGAAGCCCGCCAGATCGTATTCGCCGTCCGGGTACATGCCCGGCATCTCGGCCGTCTCGCCGCCGATCA GCGCGCAGCCCGCCAGCTCGCAGCCCGTCGCGATGCCCTTGACGACGGTCGCGGCCGTCTCGACGTCGAG CTTGCCGCACGCGAAGTAGTCGAGGAAGAACAGCGGCTCGGCGCCCTGCACGAGAATGTCGTTTACGCTC ATCGCGACGAGATCCTGGCCGACCGTATCGTGTTTGTTCAGATGAAACGCGAGCTTGAGCTTCGTGCCGA CGCCGTCCGTGCCCGATACGAGCACGGGCTCCCGGTACTTCTTCGGCACCTCGAACAGCGCGCCGAACCC GCCGATGCCGCCGAGCACGCCGTCGCGCAGCGTTTTCTTCGCAAAGGGCTTGATCTTGTCGACGAGCGCG TCGCCCGCGTCGATGTCGACGCCCGCGTCACGGTAGGACAGGCCCTGGGCGTCGGGAGCGGATTTCGGAG GATTCA >gi|53720427|ref|YP_109413.1| phosphoribosylaminoimidazole synthetase [Burkholderia pseudomallei K96243] MNPPKSAPDAQGLSYRDAGVDIDAGDALVDKIKPFAKKTLRDGVLGGIGGFGALFEVPKKYREPVLVSGT DGVGTKLKLAFHLNKHDTVGQDLVAMSVNDILVQGAEPLFFLDYFACGKLDVETAATVVKGIATGCELAG CALIGGETAEMPGMYPDGEYDLAGFAVGAVEKSKIIDGSTIAEGDVVLGLASSGIHSNGFSLVRKIIERA NPDLSADFHGRSLADALMAPTRIYVKPLLALMEKIAVKGMAHITGGGLVENIPRVLRDGLTAELDQHAWP LPPLFQWLRQHGGVADAEMHRVFNCGIGMAVIVSAADADDALRQLADAGEQVWKIGTVRASREGEAQTVV V Virmugen Mice that were challenged with a higher dose of mutant 56:65 purM were protected [Ref1796:Breitbach et al., 2008]. purN Burkholderia pseudomallei K96243 3092878 53718549 BPSL0908 BX571965 YP_107535 272560 1 1060390 1061052 ? phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase 6.08 21138.36 220 glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase; GAR Tfase; catalyzes the synthesis of 5'-phosphoribosylformylglycinamide from 5'-phosphoribosylglycinamide and 10-formyltetrahydrofolate; PurN requires formyl folate for the reaction unlike PurT which uses formate >gi|53717639:1060390-1061052 Burkholderia pseudomallei K96243 chromosome chromosome 1, complete sequence GATGAAAAAACTTGTCATCCTGATTTCCGGCCGCGGCAGCAACATGGAGGCCATCGTACGCGCCTGCGCG CGCGAAGGCTGGCCCGCCGAGGTCGCCGCCGTGATTTCCAACCGGCCGGGCGCGGCCGGCCTCGAATTCG CGGCGTCGCACGGCATCGCGACGGCCGTCGTCGACCACCGCGCGTTCGACGGCCGCGACAGCTTCGATGC GGCGCTCGCCGCCGAAATCGACCGCTTCGCCCCCGATCTCGTCGTGCTCGCCGGCTTCATGCGCATTCTC ACGCCGGCGTTCGTCGCCAAATATGAGGGGCGGATGCTCAACATCCATCCGTCGCTGCTGCCGAGCTTCA AGGGCATTCATACGCATCAGCAGGCGCTCGACGCGGGCGTCGCGCTGCACGGCGCATCCGTCCACTTCGT GATTCCGGAGCTCGACAGCGGCGCGATCGTCGCGCAGGCGGCCGTGCCCGTCGTCGCGGGCGACGATGCC GATGCGCTCGCCGCGCGCGTGCTCGCCGCCGAGCACACGCTGTATCCGCGCGCGGTGCGCTGGTTCGTCG AAGGCAAGCTGCGCCTCGACGCGGGGCGCGCCATCGTCGCGCCCGACGAGGCGCGCTGGCTGTTCGCGGA TGCGATCGACACGTCGACGAGCGAGGGCGTATG >gi|53718549|ref|YP_107535.1| phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase [Burkholderia pseudomallei K96243] MKKLVILISGRGSNMEAIVRACAREGWPAEVAAVISNRPGAAGLEFAASHGIATAVVDHRAFDGRDSFDA ALAAEIDRFAPDLVVLAGFMRILTPAFVAKYEGRMLNIHPSLLPSFKGIHTHQQALDAGVALHGASVHFV IPELDSGAIVAQAAVPVVAGDDADALAARVLAAEHTLYPRAVRWFVEGKLRLDAGRAIVAPDEARWLFAD AIDTSTSEGV Virmugen Although 30:93a purN -immunized mice were challenged with a 10-fold higher dose of WT E8, mice were strongly protected and showed no signs of clinical illness until the experiment was terminated [Ref1796:Breitbach et al., 2008]. Breitbach et al., 2008 journal Breitbach K, Köhler J, Steinmetz I 2008 102 Suppl 1 S89-94 Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Casey et al., 2016 journal Casey WT, Spink N, Cia F, Collins C, Romano M, Berisio R, Bancroft GJ, McClean S 2016 34 23 2616-2621 Vaccine Chen et al., 2006 journal Chen YS, Hsiao YS, Lin HH, Yen CM, Chen SC, Chen YL 2006 24 6 750-758 Vaccine Druar et al., 2008 journal Druar C, Yu F, Barnes JL, Okinaka RT, Chantratita N, Beg S, Stratilo CW, Olive AJ, Soltes G, Russell ML, Limmathurotsakul D, Norton RE, Ni SX, Picking WD, Jackson PJ, Stewart DI, Tsvetnitsky V, Picking WL, Cherwonogrodzky JW, Ketheesan N, Peacock SJ, Wiersma EJ 2008 52 1 78-87 FEMS immunology and medical microbiology Gourlay et al., 2015 journal Gourlay LJ, Thomas RJ, Peri C, Conchillo-Solé O, Ferrer-Navarro M, Nithichanon A, Vila J, Daura X, Lertmemongkolchai G, Titball R, Colombo G, Bolognesi M 2015 282 7 1319-1333 The FEBS journal Haque et al., 2006 journal Haque A, Chu K, Easton A, Stevens MP, Galyov EE, Atkins T, Titball R, Bancroft GJ 2006 194 9 1241-1248 The Journal of infectious diseases Harland et al., 2007 journal Harland DN, Chu K, Haque A, Nelson M, Walker NJ, Sarkar-Tyson M, Atkins TP, Moore B, Brown KA, Bancroft G, Titball RW, Atkins HS 2007 75 8 4173-4180 Infection and immunity Harland et al., 2007 journal Harland DN, Chu K, Haque A, Nelson M, Walker NJ, Sarkar-Tyson M, Atkins TP, Moore B, Brown KA, Bancroft G, Titball RW, Atkins HS 2007 75 8 4173-4180 Infection and immunity Nelson et al., 2004 journal Nelson M, Prior JL, Lever MS, Jones HE, Atkins TP, Titball RW 2004 53 Pt 12 1177-1182 Journal of medical microbiology Norris et al., 2011 journal Norris MH, Propst KL, Kang Y, Dow SW, Schweizer HP, Hoang TT 2011 Infection and immunity Srilunchang et al., 2009 journal Srilunchang T, Proungvitaya T, Wongratanacheewin S, Strugnell R, Homchampa P 2009 40 1 123-130 The Southeast Asian journal of tropical medicine and public health Tippayawat et al., 2009 journal Tippayawat P, Saenwongsa W, Mahawantung J, Suwannasaen D, Chetchotisakd P, Limmathurotsakul D, Peacock SJ, Felgner PL, Atkins HS, Titball RW, Bancroft GJ, Lertmemongkolchai G 2009 3 4 e407 PLoS neglected tropical diseases Wiki: B. pseudomallei website http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burkholderia_pseudomallei Woo et al., 2001 journal Woo PC, Leung PK, Wong SS, Ho PL, Yuen KY 2001 8 4 832-836 Clinical and diagnostic laboratory immunology