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Vaccine Detail

ChAdOx1-MERS-S vaccine
Vaccine Information
  • Vaccine Name: ChAdOx1-MERS-S vaccine
  • Target Pathogen: MERS-CoV
  • Target Disease: Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)
  • Type: Recombinant vector vaccine
  • Status: Clinical trial
  • Host Species for Licensed Use: Human
  • Host Species as Laboratory Animal Model: camel, mouse
  • Antigen: S protein
  • Immunization Route: Intramuscular injection (i.m.)
  • Description: Chimpanzee adenovirus Oxford 1 vector expressing S protein from MERS-CoV (Munster et al., 2017)
Host Response

Mouse Response

  • Host Strain: BALB/c
  • Vaccination Protocol: 1e8 Infectious Units (IU) ChAdOx1 MERS via the intranasal or intramuscular rout(Munster et al., 2017)
  • Immune Response: increased viral neutralizing titer and reduced viral load (Munster et al., 2017)
  • Challenge Protocol: hDPP4 mice were challenged intranasally with 1e4 TCID50 MERS-CoV (strain HCoV-EMC2012) (Munster et al., 2017)
  • Efficacy: complete protection (Munster et al., 2017)

Human Response

  • Vaccination Protocol: Single intramuscular injection of ChAdOx1 5e9, 2.5e10, 5e10 MERS at (Folegatti et al., 2020)
  • Immune Response: Significant increase from baseline in T-cell (p<0·003) and IgG (p<0·0001) responses to the MERS-CoV spike antigen was observed at all doses. Four (44% [95% CI 19-73]) of nine participants had neutralizing antibodies against live MERS-CoV and 19 (79% [58-93]) of 24 participants had antibodies capable of neutralisation in a pseudotyped virus neutralisation assay (Folegatti et al., 2020).
  • Side Effects: 92 (74% [95% CI 66-81]) of 124 solicited adverse events were mild, 31 (25% [18-33]) were moderate, and all were self-limiting. One serious adverse event determined to be unrelated to vaccine.5e10 dosage had significantly higher proportion of moderate and severe adverse events to lower doses.(Folegatti et al., 2020)
  • Description: Phase I Clinical Results were sufficient to proceed to field phase 1b and phase 2 trails (Folegatti et al., 2020)
References
Folegatti et al., 2020: Folegatti PM, Bittaye M, Flaxman A, Lopez FR, Bellamy D, Kupke A, Mair C, Makinson R, Sheridan J, Rohde C, Halwe S, Jeong Y, Park YS, Kim JO, Song M, Boyd A, Tran N, Silman D, Poulton I, Datoo M, Marshal J, Themistocleous Y, Lawrie A, Roberts R, Berrie E, Becker S, Lambe T, Hill A, Ewer K, Gilbert S. Safety and immunogenicity of a candidate Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus viral-vectored vaccine: a dose-escalation, open-label, non-randomised, uncontrolled, phase 1 trial. The Lancet. Infectious diseases. 2020; ; . [PubMed: 32325038].
Munster et al., 2017: Munster VJ, Wells D, Lambe T, Wright D, Fischer RJ, Bushmaker T, Saturday G, van Doremalen N, Gilbert SC, de Wit E, Warimwe GM. Protective efficacy of a novel simian adenovirus vaccine against lethal MERS-CoV challenge in a transgenic human DPP4 mouse model. NPJ vaccines. 2017; 2; 28. [PubMed: 29263883].