VIOLIN Logo
VO Banner
Search: for Help
About
Introduction
Statistics
VIOLIN News
Your VIOLIN
Register or Login
Submission
Tutorial
Vaccine & Components
Vaxquery
Vaxgen
VBLAST
Protegen
VirmugenDB
DNAVaxDB
CanVaxKB
Vaxjo
Vaxvec
Vevax
Huvax
Cov19VaxKB
Host Responses
VaximmutorDB
VIGET
Vaxafe
Vaxar
Vaxism
Vaccine Literature
VO-SciMiner
Litesearch
Vaxmesh
Vaxlert
Vaccine Design
Vaxign2
Vaxign
Community Efforts
Vaccine Ontology
ICoVax 2012
ICoVax 2013
Advisory Committee
Vaccine Society
Vaxperts
VaxPub
VaxCom
VaxLaw
VaxMedia
VaxMeet
VaxFund
VaxCareer
Data Exchange
V-Utilities
VIOLINML
Help & Documents
Publications
Documents
FAQs
Links
Acknowledgements
Disclaimer
Contact Us
UM Logo

Vaccine Detail

rPA with adjuvant Nanoemulsion
Vaccine Information
  • Vaccine Name: rPA with adjuvant Nanoemulsion
  • Target Pathogen: Bacillus anthracis
  • Target Disease: Anthrax
  • Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0000526
  • Type: Toxoid vaccine
  • Antigen: For this vaccine, recombinant Bacillus anthracis protective antigen was used (Bielinska et al., 2007).
  • Adjuvant:
  • Preparation: The NE was manufactured by the emulsification of cetyl pyridum chloride, Tween 20, and ethanol in water with hot-pressed soybean oil, using a high-speed emulsifier. Every rPA-NE formulation was prepared by mixing rPA protein solution with NE, using saline as a diluent 30 to 60 min prior to immunization. For immunization with immunostimulants, 20 μg rPA was mixed with either 5 μg of MPL A or 10 μg CpG oligonucleotides in saline (Bielinska et al., 2007).
Host Response

Mouse Response

  • Host Strain: BALB/c
  • Vaccination Protocol: Groups of mice were immunized intranasally with either one or two administrations of experimental vaccine 3 weeks apart. rPA-NE mixes were applied to the nares with a pipette tip administering 10 μl per nare, and the animals were then allowed to inhale the material (Bielinska et al., 2007).
  • Immune Response: rPA-NE immunization was effective in inducing both serum anti-PA IgG and bronchial anti-PA IgA and IgG antibodies after either one or two mucosal administrations. Serum anti-PA IgG2a and IgG2b antibodies and PA-specific cytokine induction after immunization indicate a Th1-polarized immune response. rPA-NE immunization also produced high titers of lethal-toxin-neutralizing serum antibodies in mice (Bielinska et al., 2007).
  • Challenge Protocol: The immune responses of mice were not challenged.

Guinea pig Response

  • Host Strain: Hartley
  • Vaccination Protocol: Hartley guinea pigs were vaccinated intranasally with one or two administrations of vaccine, each about 50 μl per nare, 4 weeks apart (Bielinska et al., 2007).
  • Immune Response: serum anti-PA immunoglobulin G and bronchial anti-PA IgA and IgG antibodies were produced following either one of two mucosal immunizations of rPA-NE. The anti-PA IgG2a and IgG2b antibodies and PA-specific cytokine induction found in the serum indicated a Th-1-polarized immune response. High titers of lethal-toxin-neatralizing antibodies were also found after rPA-NE immunization (Bielinska et al., 2007).
  • Challenge Protocol: The guinea pigs were challenged intradermaly with ~1,000 times the 50% lethal dose of B. anthracis Ames strain spores, which was about 1.38 × 10^3 spores (Bielinska et al., 2007).
  • Efficacy: Nasal immunization resulted in 70% and 40% survival rates against intranasal challenge with 1.2 × 10^6 and 1.2 × 10^7 Ames strain spores (Bielinska et al., 2007).
References
Bielinska et al., 2007: Bielinska AU, Janczak KW, Landers JJ, Makidon P, Sower LE, Peterson JW, Baker JR Jr. Mucosal immunization with a novel nanoemulsion-based recombinant anthrax protective antigen vaccine protects against Bacillus anthracis spore challenge. Infection and immunity. 2007; 75(8); 4020-4029. [PubMed: 17502384].