• Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0004583
• Type: Live, attenuated vaccine
• Status: Licensed
• G glycoprotein gene engineering:
  • Type: DNA vaccine construction
  • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
• Immunization Route: Intramuscular injection (i.m.)

• Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0004419
• Type: DNA vaccine
• Status: Research
• G glycoprotein gene engineering:
  • Type: DNA vaccine construction
  • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
• Vector: pCI-neo (Yasuike et al., 2007)
• Immunization Route: Intramuscular injection (i.m.)

Fish Response

• Vaccination Protocol: Five groups of forty flounder fry with a mean weight of 3 g were prepared for injection with pcDNA-G, pcDNA-N, a pcDNA-G and pcDNA-N mixture, pcDNA3.1(+) vector, or PBS (Seo et al., 2006).
• Vaccine Immune Response Type: VO_0003057
• Immune Response: Both cellular and humoral immune responses are involved in the protection of fish immunized with DNA vaccine. Induction of specific antibody response has been observed from rainbow trout immunized with rhabdovirus G protein constructs. However, despite high levels of protection, neutralizing antibodies could not be detected in all vaccinated fish at the time of challenge, or survivors of the challenge (Seo et al., 2006).
• Challenge Protocol: At 21 days post vaccination, flounder fry injected with different DNA vaccines were challenged by immersion in water containing 1.2 × 104 TCID ml−1 HIRRV (Seo et al., 2006).
• Efficacy: Groups injected with the pcDNA-G showed only 5% cumulative mortality. Control groups injected with plasmid only or PBS only showed at least 95% mortality. These results demonstrated the protective effect of this DNA vaccine against HIRRV infection (Seo et al., 2006).

Fish Response

• Immune Response: A type I IFN system was stimulated by vaccination with pHRV-G in the Japanese flounder, which contributes not only to innate immunity but also to acquired immunity. In addition, type I IFN plays a role in Th1 polarization of the immune response induced by DNA vaccination (Yasuike et al., 2007).
• Efficacy: Fourteen days after the HIRRV challenge, cumulative mortalities of the fish injected with pHRV-G was 13%, as compared to the cumulative mortalities of the control group which was at 98%. This confirmed previous protection studies which demonstrated the efficacy of this vaccine (Yasuike et al., 2007).