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Vaccine Comparison

BV-RVG/RVG Rabies DNA Vaccine encoding Rabies virus Glycoprotein Rabies vaccine rVac-N Rabies virus DNA vaccine encoding the ERA glycoprotein Rabies virus DNA vaccine pSG5rab.gp Rabies virus glycoprotein G mutant vaccine Rabies virus P protein mutant vaccine rLSDV-Rabies-gP rORFV-RabG
Vaccine Information Vaccine Information Vaccine Information Vaccine Information Vaccine Information Vaccine Information Vaccine Information Vaccine Information Vaccine Information
  • Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0004651
  • Type: Recombinant vector vaccine
  • Status: Research
  • Host Species for Licensed Use: Baboon
  • Glycoprotein G gene engineering:
    • Type: Recombinant protein preparation
    • Description: The recombinant baculovirus (BV-RVG/RVG) was pseudotyped with the rabies virus glycoprotein (RVG) and also simultaneously expressed another RVG under the control of the immediate early CMV promoter (Wu et al., 2014).
    • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
  • Preparation: Recombinant baculovirus (BV-RVG/RVG) was pseudotyped with the rabies virus glycoprotein (RVG) and also simultaneously expressed another RVG under the control of the immediate early CMV promoter (Wu et al., 2014).
  • Immunization Route: Intramuscular injection (i.m.)
  • Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0011553
  • Type: DNA vaccine
  • Status: Research
  • G gene engineering:
    • Type: DNA vaccine construction
    • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
  • Vector: pgp.LAMP-1 (Kaur et al., 2010)
  • Immunization Route: Intramuscular injection (i.m.)
  • Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0011555
  • Type: Recombinant vector vaccine
  • Status: Research
  • RABVgp1 nucleoprotein N gene engineering:
    • Type: Recombinant vector construction
    • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
  • Vector: Vaccinia virus (Fujii et al., 1994)
  • Immunization Route: Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.)
  • Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0004372
  • Type: DNA vaccine
  • Status: Research
  • glycoprotein gene engineering:
    • Type: DNA vaccine construction
    • Description: This DNA vaccine expressed the full-length cDNA of the ERA rabies virus glycoprotein (Lodmell et al., 2000).
    • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
  • Vector: pCMV4 (Lodmell et al., 2000)
  • Immunization Route: Intramuscular injection (i.m.)
  • Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0004326
  • Type: DNA vaccine
  • Status: Research
  • Host Species as Laboratory Animal Model: Mouse
  • glycoprotein gene engineering:
    • Type: DNA vaccine construction
    • Description: Vector pSG5 expressed the rabies glycoprotein (ERA strain) (Xiang et al., 1994).
    • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
  • Vector: pSG5 (Xiang et al., 1994)
  • Immunization Route: Intramuscular injection (i.m.)
  • Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0002991
  • Type: Live, attenuated vaccine
  • Status: Research
  • Host Species as Laboratory Animal Model: Mouse, hamster
  • Glycoprotein G gene engineering:
    • Type: Gene mutation
    • Description: This glycoprotein G mutant is from Rabies virus (Wu et al., 2011).
    • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
  • Immunization Route: Intramuscular injection (i.m.)
  • Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0002992
  • Type: Live, attenuated vaccine
  • Status: Research
  • Host Species as Laboratory Animal Model: Mouse
  • P protein gene engineering:
    • Type: Gene mutation
    • Description: This P protein mutant is from rabies virus (Morimoto et al., 2005).
    • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
  • Immunization Route: Intracranial immunization
  • Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0004762
  • Type: Recombinant vector vaccine
  • Status: Research
  • Host Species for Licensed Use: Baboon
  • Glycoprotein G gene engineering:
    • Type: Recombinant vector construction
    • Description: Recombinant LSDV encoding the rabies glycoprotein (rLSDV-RG) (Aspden et al., 2003).
    • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
  • Preparation: Using the rabies virus glycoprotein (RG) as a model antigen, the recombinant LSDV encoding the rabies glycoprotein (rLSDV-RG) was able to express RG (Aspden et al., 2003).
  • Immunization Route: Intramuscular injection (i.m.)
  • Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0004766
  • Type: Recombinant vector vaccine
  • Status: Research
  • Host Species for Licensed Use: Baboon
  • RABVgp1 nucleoprotein N gene engineering:
    • Type: Recombinant vector construction
    • Description: Orf virus (ORFV) recombinant, D1701-V-RabG, expressing the rabies virus (RABV) glycoprotein that is correctly presented on the surface of infected cells without the need of replication or production of infectious recombinant virus(Amann et al., 2013).
    • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
  • Preparation: Orf virus (ORFV) recombinant, D1701-V-RabG, expressing the rabies virus (RABV) glycoprotein (Amann et al., 2013).
  • Immunization Route: Intramuscular injection (i.m.)
Host Response Host Response Host Response Host Response Host Response Host Response Host Response Host Response Host Response

Mouse Response

  • Vaccination Protocol: Mice were immunized intramuscularly with 1 × 10^8 IFU of BV-VSVG/EGFP, BVRVG/EGFP, or BV-RVG/RVG at 3-week interval (Wu et al., 2014).
  • Vaccine Immune Response Type: VO_0003057
  • Challenge Protocol: Mice were challenged intracerebrally with 50 mouse 50% lethal doses (50 LD50) of rabies virus CVS-24 (Wu et al., 2014).
  • Efficacy: Mice immunized with BV-RVG/RVG developed higher levels of virus-neutralizing antibodies, and conferred 100% protection against rabies viral challenge (Wu et al., 2014).

Mouse Response

  • Vaccination Protocol: For the intramuscular route, mice were vaccinated with 100 µg of endotoxin-free pDNA in 200 µl of PBS/animal in the anterior quadriceps muscle, in the individual groups (DNA vaccine or vector control), 3 times at 3-wk intervals. Control mice were immunized with PBS only (Kaur et al., 2010).
  • Challenge Protocol: For challenge studies, immunized mice were inoculated intracerebrally with 20 LD50 of the CVS strain of rabies virus 21 d after the last immunization. The challenged mice were observed for 18 d for symptoms indicative of rabies virus infection (Kaur et al., 2010).
  • Efficacy: DNA vaccine imparted partial protection (60%) against challenge with 20 LD(50) of the challenge virus standard (CVS) strain of rabies virus (Kaur et al., 2010).

Mouse Response

  • Host Strain: A/J
  • Vaccination Protocol: 4-week-old mice were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) on days 0 and 14 with 10^7 p.f.u, of the recombinant viruses. Control mice received equal doses of vaccinia virus recombinant vSC8 that contained no rabies virus sequences (Fujii et al., 1994).
  • Challenge Protocol: On day 21, the mice were challenged by footpad injection with 0.02 ml (20 MFPLDs0 , where MFPLDs0 represents mouse footpad 50% lethal dose) of the 1088 strain (Fujii et al., 1994).
  • Efficacy: 92 % of mice given rVac-N (i.e. one animal succumbed b u t still had a prolonged lifespan) survived the challenge with rabies virus (Fujii et al., 1994).

Mouse Response

  • Vaccine Immune Response Type: VO_0000286
  • Immune Response: Neutralizing antibody titers were enhanced following primary i.m. vaccination with DNA and MPL® (Lodmell et al., 2000).
  • Efficacy: After virus challenge, in the group of mice that were vaccinated with MPL, 4 of 6 mice with individual neutralizing antibody titers of 1:10 survived viral challenge. In addition, in the group of mice that did not receive MPL, 100% of the mice survived viral challenge after their second booster (Lodmell et al., 2000).

Mouse Response

  • Vaccine Immune Response Type: VO_0000286
  • Immune Response: Mice immunized intramuscularly with the pSG5rab.gp vector developed rabies virus glycoprotein-specific cytolytic T cells, lymphokinesecreting T helper cells of the TH1 subset, and rabies virus-neutralizing antibodies (Xiang et al., 1994).
  • Efficacy: Mice vaccinated with the pSG5rab.gp vector were fully protected against a subsequent challenge with rabies virus (Xiang et al., 1994).

Mouse Response

  • Persistence: A glycoprotein G mutant is attenuated in mice (Wu et al., 2011).
  • Efficacy: A glycoprotein G mutant induces protection in mice from challenge with wild type rabies virus (Wu et al., 2011).

Mouse Response

Mouse Response

  • Vaccination Protocol: NMRI mice (3–4 weeks, n=30 per group; South African Vaccine Producers) were inoculated intramuscularly on days 0 and 14 with either PBS (50 μl), rLSDV-RG (5×10^4 f.f.u. ml−1 in 50 μl), LSDV-wt (5×10^4 f.f.u. ml−1 in 50 μl) or Verorab (1/10 human equivalent dose in 50 μl) (Aspden et al., 2003).
  • Vaccine Immune Response Type: VO_0003057
  • Challenge Protocol: On day 21, ten mice from each group were challenged intracranially with 8×10^−1 LD50, 8×10^−2 LD50 or 8×10^−3 LD50 dilution of live rabies virus (Aspden et al., 2003).
  • Efficacy: Mice immunized with rLSDV-RG elicited levels of RV-specific cellular immunity (T-cell proliferation) comparable with those of mice immunized with a commercial inactivated rabies vaccine (Verorab; Pasteur Merieux). Most importantly, mice immunized with rLSDV-RG were protected from an aggressive intracranial rabies virus challenge (Aspden et al., 2003).

Mouse Response

  • Vaccination Protocol: Mice were i.m. immunized once, twice, or thrice with 10^7 PFU of D1701-V-RabG in 2-week intervals. Two other groups were vaccinated three times with 10^6 PFU either i.m. or s.c (Amann et al., 2013).
  • Vaccine Immune Response Type: VO_0003057
  • Challenge Protocol: Two weeks after the last immunization, all mice were i.c. challenged with 3,000 mouse i.c. LD50 of the highly pathogenic RABV CVS-11 strain (Amann et al., 2013).
  • Efficacy: All i.m. immunized animals, receiving one, two, or three inoculations of 10^7 PFU or three doses of 10^6 PFU, were completely protected, whereas 4 out of the 5 s.c. immunized animals survived the challenge. The D1701-V-RabG-immunized and protected mice did not reveal any harmful reaction, loss of body weight, or RABV-specific clinical signs (Amann et al., 2013).

Hamster Response

  • Persistence: A glycoprotein G mutant is attenuated in hamsters (Wu et al., 2011).
  • Efficacy: A glycoprotein G mutant induces significant protection in hamsters from challenge with wild type rabies virus (Wu et al., 2011).
References References References References References References References References References
Wu et al., 2014: Wu Q, Yu F, Xu J, Li Y, Chen H, Xiao S, Fu ZF, Fang L. Rabies-virus-glycoprotein-pseudotyped recombinant baculovirus vaccine confers complete protection against lethal rabies virus challenge in a mouse model. Veterinary microbiology. 2014; 171(1-2); 93-9101. [PubMed: 24793501].
Kaur et al., 2010: Kaur M, Saxena A, Rai A, Bhatnagar R. Rabies DNA vaccine encoding lysosome-targeted glycoprotein supplemented with Emulsigen-D confers complete protection in preexposure and postexposure studies in BALB/c mice. The FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 2010; 24(1); 173-183. [PubMed: 19741168].
Fujii et al., 1994: Fujii H, Takita-Sonoda Y, Mifune K, Hirai K, Nishizono A, Mannen K. Protective efficacy in mice of post-exposure vaccination with vaccinia virus recombinant expressing either rabies virus glycoprotein or nucleoprotein. The Journal of general virology. 1994; 75 ( Pt 6); 1339-1344. [PubMed: 8207400].
Lodmell et al., 2000: Lodmell DL, Ray NB, Ulrich JT, Ewalt LC. DNA vaccination of mice against rabies virus: effects of the route of vaccination and the adjuvant monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL). Vaccine. 2000; 18(11-12); 1059-1066. [PubMed: 10590326].
Xiang et al., 1994: Xiang ZQ, Spitalnik S, Tran M, Wunner WH, Cheng J, Ertl HC. Vaccination with a plasmid vector carrying the rabies virus glycoprotein gene induces protective immunity against rabies virus. Virology. 1994; 199(1); 132-140. [PubMed: 8116236].
Wu et al., 2011: Wu X, Franka R, Henderson H, Rupprecht CE. Live attenuated rabies virus co-infected with street rabies virus protects animals against rabies. Vaccine. 2011; ; . [PubMed: 21514343].
Morimoto et al., 2005: Morimoto K, Shoji Y, Inoue S. Characterization of P gene-deficient rabies virus: propagation, pathogenicity and antigenicity. Virus research. 2005; 111(1); 61-67. [PubMed: 15896403].
Aspden et al., 2003: Aspden K, Passmore JA, Tiedt F, Williamson AL. Evaluation of lumpy skin disease virus, a capripoxvirus, as a replication-deficient vaccine vector. The Journal of general virology. 2003; 84(Pt 8); 1985-1996. [PubMed: 12867628].
Amann et al., 2013: Amann R, Rohde J, Wulle U, Conlee D, Raue R, Martinon O, Rziha HJ. A new rabies vaccine based on a recombinant ORF virus (parapoxvirus) expressing the rabies virus glycoprotein. Journal of virology. 2013; 87(3); 1618-1630. [PubMed: 23175365].