VIOLIN: Vaccine Investigation and Online Information Network

Feline calicivirus

Table of Contents

General Information
Vaccine Related Pathogen Genes
1. F9 (Protective antigen)
Vaccine Information
References

I. General Information

1. NCBI Taxonomy ID:

11978

2. Disease:

Feline Respiratory Infections

3. Introduction

Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a highly infectious pathogen of cats with a widespread distribution in the feline population. The virus typically causes
moderate, self-limiting acute oral and upper respiratory tract disease. However,some strains induce lameness and recently, more virulent strains have evolved, particularly in the USA. The virus belongs to the Caliciviridae, a family of viruses which includes important pathogens of man and animals. Feline calicivirus has a small single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome of approximately 7.7 kb. Being genetically diverse, FCV is associated with a range of clinical syndromes from inapparent infections to relatively mild oral and upper respiratory tract disease with or without acute lameness. A proportion of FCV infected cats that recover from acute disease, remain persistently infected. Vaccination against FCV has been available for many years and has effectively reduced the incidence of clinical disease (Radford et al., 2007).

4. Microbial Pathogenesis

Cats can be infected with FCV via the nasal, oral or conjunctival routes. The virus replicates mainly in the oral and respiratory tissues, although some strains vary in their tissue tropisms and pathogenicity, such that virus has also been found in visceral tissues, feces and occasionally in urine. The significance of this to transmission is unknown but is thought to be minimal. Oral ulceration is the most consistent pathological feature of FCV-induced oral and upper respiratory tract disease. Ulcers begin as vesicles, typically on the margin of the tongue but also in other locations. These subsequently rupture, with necrosis of the overlying epithelium and infiltration of neutrophils at the periphery and base. Healing generally takes place over a period of two to three weeks. Pulmonary lesions occur more rarely and appear to result from an initial focal alveolitis, leading to areas of acute exudative pneumonia and then to the development of a proliferative, interstitial pneumonia. Lesions seen in joints of cats with FCV associated lameness consist of an acute synovitis with thickening of the synovial membrane and an increase in quantity of synovial fluid within the joint. FCV can also cause systemic disease (Radford et al., 2007).

5. Host Ranges and Animal Models

Feline calicivirus infection is widespread in the general cat population. It is generally accepted that there are no known reservoirs or alternative hosts for FCV, and in utero transmission does not seem to occur (Radford et al., 2007).

6. Host Protective Immunity

The immune response has a somewhat limited impact on FCV infection. It is clear that pre-existing immunity, acquired either naturally as maternal-derived antibodies (MDA) or artificially following vaccination, can reduce or eliminate the clinical signs of subsequent FCV challenge. However, such pre-existing immunity does not prevent infection and these animals may become carriers following sub-clinical infection with field virus (Radford et al., 2007).

II. Vaccine Related Pathogen Genes

1. F9

Gene Name : F9
Sequence Strain (Species/Organism) : Feline calicivirus
NCBI Protein GI : AAB23553
Other Database IDs : CDD:279283
Taxonomy ID : 11978
Protein Name : capsid protein
Protein pI : 6.04
Protein Weight : 47605.82
Protein Length : 573
Protein Note : Calicivirus coat protein; pfam00915

Protein Sequence : Show Sequence

>AAB23553.1 capsid protein {C-terminal} [feline calicivirus FCV, F9, vaccine strain, Peptide Partial, 455 aa]
VRFSISGSGVFGGKLAAIVVPPGVDPVQSTSMLQYPHVLFDARQVEPVIFSIPDLRSTLYHLMSDTDTTS
LVIMVYNDLINPYANDANSSGCIVTVETKPGPDFKFHLLKPPGSMLTHGSVPSDLIPKTSSLWIGNRYWS
DITDFVIRPFVFQANRHFDFNQETAGWSTPRFRPISVTISEQNGAKLGIGVATDYIAPGIPDGWPDTTIP
GELIPAGDYAITNGTGNDITTATGYDTADIIKNNTNFRGMYICGSLQRAWGDKKISNTAFITTATLDGDN
NNKINPCNTIDQSKIVVFQDNHVGKEVQTSDDTLALLGYTGIGEQAIGSDRDRVVRISTLPETGARGGNH
PIFYKNSIKLGYVIRSIDVFNSQILHTSRQLSLNHYLLPPDSFAVYRIIDSNGSWFDIGIDSDGFSFVGV
SGFGKLEFPLSASYMGIQLAKIRLASNIRSPMTKL

Molecule Role : Protective antigen
Molecule Role Annotation : (McCabe and Spibey, 2005)

III. Vaccine Information

1. Feline Calicivirus Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 15C5.21)

a. Manufacturer:

Wyeth

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0001540

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Cat

2. Feline Calicivirus Modified Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 15C1.22)

a. Manufacturer:

Heska Corporation

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0001541

c. Type:

Live, attenuated vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Cat

3. Feline Leukemia-Rhinotracheitis-Calici-Panleukopenia Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 15B5.20)

a. Manufacturer:

Wyeth

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0001843

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Cat

4. Feline Leukemia-Rhinotracheitis-Calici-Panleukopenia Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 15B5.21)

a. Manufacturer:

Wyeth

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0001844

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Cat

5. Feline Leukemia-Rhinotracheitis-Calici-Panleukopenia Modified Live & Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 15B9.20)

a. Manufacturer:

Intervet Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0001845

c. Type:

Live, attenuated vaccine; Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Cat

6. Feline Leukemia-Rhinotracheitis-Calici-Panleukopenia Modified Live & Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 15B9.21)

a. Manufacturer:

Wyeth

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0001846

c. Type:

Live, attenuated vaccine; Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Cat

7. Feline Leukemia-Rhinotracheitis-Calici-Panleukopenia-Chlamydia Psittaci Killed Virus, Killed Chlamydia Vaccine (USDA: 1559.20)

a. Manufacturer:

Wyeth

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0001847

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Cat

8. Feline Leukemia-Rhinotracheitis-Calici-Panleukopenia-Chlamydia Psittaci Killed Virus, Killed Chlamydia Vaccine (USDA: 1559.23)

a. Manufacturer:

Wyeth

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0001848

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Cat

9. Feline Leukemia-Rhinotracheitis-Calici-Panleukopenia-Chlamydia Psittaci Modified Live & Killed Virus, Killed Chlamydia Vaccine (USDA: 1559.2C)

a. Manufacturer:

Wyeth

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0001849

c. Type:

Live, attenuated vaccine; Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Cat

10. Feline Leukemia-Rhinotracheitis-Calici-Panleukopenia-Chlamydia Psittaci Modified Live & Killed Virus, Modified Live Chlamydia Vaccine (USDA: 1559.2B)

a. Manufacturer:

Intervet Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0001850

c. Type:

Live, attenuated vaccine; Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Cat

11. Feline Rhinotracheitis-Calici-Chlamydia Psittaci Modified Live Virus, Modified Live Chlamydia Vaccine (USDA: 16F1.20)

a. Manufacturer:

Pfizer, Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0001851

c. Type:

Live, attenuated vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Cat

12. Feline Rhinotracheitis-Calici-Chlamydia Psittaci Modified Live Virus, Modified Live Chlamydia Vaccine (USDA: 16F1.21)

a. Manufacturer:

Merial, Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0001852

c. Type:

Live, attenuated vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Cat

13. Feline Rhinotracheitis-Calici-Panleukopenia Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 16D5.20)

a. Manufacturer:

Wyeth

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0001853

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Cat

14. Feline Rhinotracheitis-Calici-Panleukopenia Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 16D5.23)

a. Manufacturer:

Wyeth

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0001854

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Cat

15. Feline Rhinotracheitis-Calici-Panleukopenia Modified Live & Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 16D9.20)

a. Manufacturer:

Intervet Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0001855

c. Type:

Live, attenuated vaccine; Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Cat

16. Feline Rhinotracheitis-Calici-Panleukopenia Modified Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 16D1.20)

a. Manufacturer:

Wyeth, Intervet Inc., Pfizer, Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0001856

c. Type:

Live, attenuated vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Cat

17. Feline Rhinotracheitis-Calici-Panleukopenia Modified Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 16D1.22)

a. Manufacturer:

Wyeth, Intervet Inc., Heska Corporation

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0001857

c. Type:

Live, attenuated vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Cat

18. Feline Rhinotracheitis-Calici-Panleukopenia Modified Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 16D1.23)

a. Manufacturer:

Intervet Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0001858

c. Type:

Live, attenuated vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Cat

19. Feline Rhinotracheitis-Calici-Panleukopenia Modified Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 16D1.24)

a. Manufacturer:

Intervet Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0001859

c. Type:

Live, attenuated vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Cat

20. Feline Rhinotracheitis-Calici-Panleukopenia Modified Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 16D8.20)

a. Manufacturer:

Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0001860

c. Type:

Live, attenuated vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Cat

21. Feline Rhinotracheitis-Calici-Panleukopenia Modified Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 16D8.21)

a. Manufacturer:

Merial, Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0001861

c. Type:

Live, attenuated vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Cat

22. Feline Rhinotracheitis-Calici-Panleukopenia-Chlamydia Psittaci Killed Virus, Killed Chlamydia Vaccine (USDA: 16E5.20)

a. Manufacturer:

Wyeth

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0001862

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Cat

23. Feline Rhinotracheitis-Calici-Panleukopenia-Chlamydia Psittaci Killed Virus, Killed Chlamydia Vaccine (USDA: 16E5.23)

a. Manufacturer:

Wyeth

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0001863

c. Type:

Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Cat

24. Feline Rhinotracheitis-Calici-Panleukopenia-Chlamydia Psittaci Modified Live Virus, Killed Chlamydia Vaccine (USDA: 16E6.20)

a. Manufacturer:

Wyeth

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0001864

c. Type:

Live, attenuated vaccine; Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Cat

25. Feline Rhinotracheitis-Calici-Panleukopenia-Chlamydia Psittaci Modified Live Virus, Modified Live Chlamydia Vaccine (USDA: 16E1.20)

a. Manufacturer:

Wyeth, Intervet Inc., Pfizer, Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0001865

c. Type:

Live, attenuated vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Cat

26. Feline Rhinotracheitis-Calici-Panleukopenia-Chlamydia Psittaci Modified Live Virus, Modified Live Chlamydia Vaccine (USDA: 16E1.24)

a. Manufacturer:

Intervet Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0001866

c. Type:

Live, attenuated vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Cat

27. Feline Rhinotracheitis-Calici-Panleukopenia-Chlamydia Psittaci Modified Live Virus, Modified Live Chlamydia Vaccine (USDA: 16E8.20)

a. Manufacturer:

Merial, Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0001867

c. Type:

Live, attenuated vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Cat

28. Feline Rhinotracheitis-Calici-Panleukopenia-Chlamydia Psittaci-Rabies Modified Live & Killed Virus, Modified Live Chlamydia Vaccine (USDA: 1619.20)

a. Manufacturer:

Merial, Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0001868

c. Type:

Live, attenuated vaccine; Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Cat

29. Feline Rhinotracheitis-Calici-Panleukopenia-Chlamydia Psittaci-Rabies Modified Live Virus and Chlamydia, Canarypox Vector Vaccine (USDA: 1619.R1)

a. Manufacturer:

Merial, Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0001869

c. Type:

Live, attenuated vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Cat

30. Feline Rhinotracheitis-Calici-Panleukopenia-Rabies Modified Live & Killed Virus Vaccine (USDA: 16T9.20)

a. Manufacturer:

Intervet Inc., Merial, Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0001870

c. Type:

Live, attenuated vaccine; Inactivated or "killed" vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Cat

31. Feline Rhinotracheitis-Calici-Panleukopenia-Rabies Modified Live Virus, Canarypox Vector Vaccine (USDA: 16T9.R0)

a. Manufacturer:

Merial, Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0001871

c. Type:

Live, attenuated vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Cat

32. Feline Rhinotracheitis-Calicivirus Modified Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 16C1.20)

a. Manufacturer:

Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Inc., Intervet Inc., Pfizer, Inc., Merial, Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0001872

c. Type:

Live, attenuated vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Cat

33. Feline Rhinotracheitis-Calicivirus Modified Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 16C1.21)

a. Manufacturer:

Intervet Inc., Pfizer, Inc.

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0001873

c. Type:

Live, attenuated vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Cat

34. Feline Rhinotracheitis-Calicivirus Modified Live Virus Vaccine (USDA: 16C1.22)

a. Manufacturer:

Wyeth, Heska Corporation

b. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0001874

c. Type:

Live, attenuated vaccine

d. Status:

Licensed

e. Location Licensed:

USA

f. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Cat

35. Myxoma-FCV

a. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0004707

b. Type:

Recombinant vector vaccine

c. Status:

Research

d. Host Species for Licensed Use:

Baboon

e. Immunization Route

Intramuscular injection (i.m.)

f. Cat Response

Vaccine Immune Response Type: VO_0003057
Immune Response: Cats immunised with myxoma-FCV recombinant virus generated high levels of serum neutralising antibody (McCabe et al., 2002).
Efficacy: Cats immunised with myxoma-FCV recombinant virus were protected from disease on subsequent challenge with virulent FCV (McCabe et al., 2002).

IV. References

1. McCabe and Spibey, 2005: McCabe VJ, Spibey N. Potential for broad-spectrum protection against feline calicivirus using an attenuated myxoma virus expressing a chimeric FCV capsid protein. Vaccine. 2005; 23(46-47); 5380-5388. [PubMed: 16176851].

2. McCabe et al., 2002: McCabe VJ, Tarpey I, Spibey N. Vaccination of cats with an attenuated recombinant myxoma virus expressing feline calicivirus capsid protein. Vaccine. 2002; 20(19-20); 2454-2462. [PubMed: 12057600].

3. Radford et al., 2007: Radford AD, Coyne KP, Dawson S, Porter CJ, Gaskell RM. Feline calicivirus. Veterinary research. 2007; 38(2); 319-335. [PubMed: 17296159].