VIOLIN: Vaccine Investigation and Online Information Network

Listeria monocytogenes

Table of Contents

General Information
Vaccine Related Pathogen Genes
1. Hly (Protective antigen)
2. iap (Protective antigen)
3. actA (Virmugen)
4. plcB (Virmugen)
Vaccine Related Host Genes
1. Ifng (Interferon gamma)
Vaccine Information
References

I. General Information

1. NCBI Taxonomy ID:

1639

2. Disease:

Listeriosis

3. Introduction

Listeria monocytogenes is a gram positive facultatively intracellular foodborne pathogen, which is often found in food and elsewhere in nature. Listeria can survive temperatures from below freezing to body temperature (Ramaswamy et al., 2007). Infection by L. monocytogenes causes the disease listeriosis. The manifestations of listeriosis include septicemia, meningitis (or meningoencephalitis), encephalitis, corneal ulcer, pneumonia, and intrauterine or cervical infections in pregnant women, which may result in spontaneous abortion (2nd/3rd trimester) or stillbirth (Wiki: L. monocytogenes).

4. Microbial Pathogenesis

L. monocytogenes may invade the gastrointestinal epithelium. Once the bacterium enters the host's monocytes, macrophages, or polymorphonuclear leukocytes, it becomes blood-borne (septicemic) and can grow. Its presence intracellularly in phagocytic cells also permits access to the brain and probably transplacental migration to the fetus in pregnant women. The pathogenesis of L. monocytogenes centers on its ability to survive and multiply in phagocytic host cells (Wiki: L. monocytogenes). Listeria is able to move from cell to cell via actin motility (Ramaswamy et al., 2007).

5. Host Ranges and Animal Models

Listeria can live in the intestines of humans, animals and birds without causing symptoms. Mice are used as a model of infection for listeria (Ramaswamy et al., 2007).

6. Host Protective Immunity

Infection is often controlled by cell mediated response. Infection is asymptomatic in most patients, and tends to be more severe in immunocompromised individuals (Ramaswamy et al., 2007).

II. Vaccine Related Pathogen Genes

1. actA

Gene Name : actA
Sequence Strain (Species/Organism) : Listeria monocytogenes EGD-e
NCBI Gene ID : 987035
NCBI Protein GI : 16802250
Locus Tag : lmo0204
Genbank Accession : AL591974
Protein Accession : NP_463735
3D structure: PDB ID : 1EVH
Taxonomy ID : 169963
Gene Starting Position : 209469
Gene Ending Position : 211388
Gene Strand (Orientation) : +
Protein Name : actin-assembly inducing protein precursor
Protein pI : 4.71
Protein Weight : 68063.81
Protein Length : 639

DNA Sequence : Show Sequence

>gi|16802048:209469-211388 Listeria monocytogenes EGD-e, complete genome
AGTGGGATTAAACAGATTTATGCGTGCGATGATGGTGGTTTTCATTACTGCCAATTGCATTACGATTAAC
CCCGACATAATATTTGCAGCGACAGATAGCGAAGATTCTAGTCTAAACACAGATGAATGGGAAGAAGAAA
AAACAGAAGAGCAACCAAGCGAGGTAAATACGGGACCAAGATACGAAACTGCACGTGAAGTAAGTTCACG
TGATATTAAAGAACTAGAAAAATCGAATAAAGTGAGAAATACGAACAAAGCAGACCTAATAGCAATGTTG
AAAGAAAAAGCAGAAAAAGGTCCAAATATCAATAATAACAACAGTGAACAAACTGAGAATGCGGCTATAA
ATGAAGAGGCTTCAGGAGCCGACCGACCAGCTATACAAGTGGAGCGTCGTCATCCAGGATTGCCATCGGA
TAGCGCAGCGGAAATTAAAAAAAGAAGGAAAGCCATAGCATCATCGGATAGTGAGCTTGAAAGCCTTACT
TATCCGGATAAACCAACAAAAGTAAATAAGAAAAAAGTGGCGAAAGAGTCAGTTGCGGATGCTTCTGAAA
GTGACTTAGATTCTAGCATGCAGTCAGCAGATGAGTCTTCACCACAACCTTTAAAAGCAAACCAACAACC
ATTTTTCCCTAAAGTATTTAAAAAAATAAAAGATGCGGGGAAATGGGTACGTGATAAAATCGACGAAAAT
CCTGAAGTAAAGAAAGCGATTGTTGATAAAAGTGCAGGGTTAATTGACCAATTATTAACCAAAAAGAAAA
GTGAAGAGGTAAATGCTTCGGACTTCCCGCCACCACCTACGGATGAAGAGTTAAGACTTGCTTTGCCAGA
GACACCAATGCTTCTTGGTTTTAATGCTCCTGCTACATCAGAACCGAGCTCATTCGAATTTCCACCACCA
CCTACGGATGAAGAGTTAAGACTTGCTTTGCCAGAGACGCCAATGCTTCTTGGTTTTAATGCTCCTGCTA
CATCGGAACCGAGCTCGTTCGAATTTCCACCGCCTCCAACAGAAGATGAACTAGAAATCATCCGGGAAAC
AGCATCCTCGCTAGATTCTAGTTTTACAAGAGGGGATTTAGCTAGTTTGAGAAATGCTATTAATCGCCAT
AGTCAAAATTTCTCTGATTTCCCACCAATCCCAACAGAAGAAGAGTTGAACGGGAGAGGCGGTAGACCAA
CATCTGAAGAATTTAGTTCGCTGAATAGTGGTGATTTTACAGATGACGAAAACAGCGAGACAACAGAAGA
AGAAATTGATCGCCTAGCTGATTTAAGAGATAGAGGAACAGGAAAACACTCAAGAAATGCGGGTTTTTTA
CCATTAAATCCGTTTGCTAGCAGCCCGGTTCCTTCGTTAAGTCCAAAGGTATCGAAAATAAGCGCACCGG
CTCTGATAAGTGACATAACTAAAAAAACGCCATTTAAGAATCCATCACAGCCATTAAATGTGTTTAATAA
AAAAACTACAACGAAAACAGTGACTAAAAAACCAACCCCTGTAAAGACCGCACCAAAGCTAGCAGAACTT
CCTGCCACAAAACCACAAGAAACCGTACTTAGGGAAAATAAAACACCCTTTATAGAAAAACAAGCAGAAA
CAAACAAGCAGTCAATTAATATGCCGAGCCTACCAGTAATCCAAAAAGAAGCTACAGAGAGCGATAAAGA
GGAAATGAAACCACAAACCGAGGAAAAAATGGTAGAGGAAAGCGAATCAGCTAATAACGCAAACGGAAAA
AATCGTTCTGCTGGCATTGAAGAAGGAAAACTAATTGCTAAAAGTGCAGAAGACGAAAAAGCGAAGGAAG
AACCAGGGAACCATACGACGTTAATTCTTGCAATGTTAGCTATTGGCGTGTTCTCTTTAGGGGCGTTTAT
CAAAATTATTCAATTAAGAAAAAATAATTA

Protein Sequence : Show Sequence

>gi|16802250|ref|NP_463735.1| actin-assembly inducing protein precursor [Listeria monocytogenes EGD-e]
MGLNRFMRAMMVVFITANCITINPDIIFAATDSEDSSLNTDEWEEEKTEEQPSEVNTGPRYETAREVSSR
DIKELEKSNKVRNTNKADLIAMLKEKAEKGPNINNNNSEQTENAAINEEASGADRPAIQVERRHPGLPSD
SAAEIKKRRKAIASSDSELESLTYPDKPTKVNKKKVAKESVADASESDLDSSMQSADESSPQPLKANQQP
FFPKVFKKIKDAGKWVRDKIDENPEVKKAIVDKSAGLIDQLLTKKKSEEVNASDFPPPPTDEELRLALPE
TPMLLGFNAPATSEPSSFEFPPPPTDEELRLALPETPMLLGFNAPATSEPSSFEFPPPPTEDELEIIRET
ASSLDSSFTRGDLASLRNAINRHSQNFSDFPPIPTEEELNGRGGRPTSEEFSSLNSGDFTDDENSETTEE
EIDRLADLRDRGTGKHSRNAGFLPLNPFASSPVPSLSPKVSKISAPALISDITKKTPFKNPSQPLNVFNK
KTTTKTVTKKPTPVKTAPKLAELPATKPQETVLRENKTPFIEKQAETNKQSINMPSLPVIQKEATESDKE
EMKPQTEEKMVEESESANNANGKNRSAGIEEGKLIAKSAEDEKAKEEPGNHTTLILAMLAIGVFSLGAFI
KIIQLRKNN

Molecule Role : Virmugen
Molecule Role Annotation : An actA mutant is attenuated in mice and induced significant protection from challenge with wild type L. monocytogenes (Darji et al., 2003).
Related Vaccine(s): Listeria monocytogenes actA mutant vaccine , Listeria monocytogenes actA/plcB mutant vaccine

2. Hly

Gene Name : Hly
Sequence Strain (Species/Organism) : Listeria monocytogenes EGD-e
VO ID : VO_0012388
NCBI Gene ID : 987033
NCBI Protein GI : 16802248
Locus Tag : lmo0202
Genbank Accession : AL591824
Protein Accession : NP_463733
Taxonomy ID : 169963
Gene Starting Position : 205818
Gene Ending Position : 207407
Gene Strand (Orientation) : +
Protein Name : listeriolysin O precursor
Protein pI : 8.23
Protein Weight : 54322.11
Protein Length : 529

DNA Sequence : Show Sequence

>NC_003210.1:205818-207407 Listeria monocytogenes EGD-e chromosome, complete genome
CATGAAAAAAATAATGCTAGTTTTTATTACACTTATATTAGTTAGTCTACCAATTGCGCAACAAACTGAA
GCAAAGGATGCATCTGCATTCAATAAAGAAAATTCAATTTCATCCATGGCACCACCAGCATCTCCGCCTG
CAAGTCCTAAGACGCCAATCGAAAAGAAACACGCGGATGAAATCGATAAGTATATACAAGGATTGGATTA
CAATAAAAACAATGTATTAGTATACCACGGAGATGCAGTGACAAATGTGCCGCCAAGAAAAGGTTACAAA
GATGGAAATGAATATATTGTTGTGGAGAAAAAGAAGAAATCCATCAATCAAAATAATGCAGACATTCAAG
TTGTGAATGCAATTTCGAGCCTAACCTATCCAGGTGCTCTCGTAAAAGCGAATTCGGAATTAGTAGAAAA
TCAACCAGATGTTCTCCCTGTAAAACGTGATTCATTAACACTCAGCATTGATTTGCCAGGTATGACTAAT
CAAGACAATAAAATCGTTGTAAAAAATGCCACTAAATCAAACGTTAACAACGCAGTAAATACATTAGTGG
AAAGATGGAATGAAAAATATGCTCAAGCTTATCCAAATGTAAGTGCAAAAATTGATTATGATGACGAAAT
GGCTTACAGTGAATCACAATTAATTGCGAAATTTGGTACAGCATTTAAAGCTGTAAATAATAGCTTGAAT
GTAAACTTCGGCGCAATCAGTGAAGGGAAAATGCAAGAAGAAGTCATTAGTTTTAAACAAATTTACTATA
ACGTGAATGTTAATGAACCTACAAGACCTTCCAGATTTTTCGGCAAAGCTGTTACTAAAGAGCAGTTGCA
AGCGCTTGGAGTGAATGCAGAAAATCCTCCTGCATATATCTCAAGTGTGGCGTATGGCCGTCAAGTTTAT
TTGAAATTATCAACTAATTCCCATAGTACTAAAGTAAAAGCTGCTTTTGATGCTGCCGTAAGCGGAAAAT
CTGTCTCAGGTGATGTAGAACTAACAAATATCATCAAAAATTCTTCCTTCAAAGCCGTAATTTACGGAGG
TTCCGCAAAAGATGAAGTTCAAATCATCGACGGCAACCTCGGAGACTTACGCGATATTTTGAAAAAAGGC
GCTACTTTTAATCGAGAAACACCAGGAGTTCCCATTGCTTATACAACAAACTTCCTAAAAGACAATGAAT
TAGCTGTTATTAAAAACAACTCAGAATATATTGAAACAACTTCAAAAGCTTATACAGATGGAAAAATTAA
CATCGATCACTCTGGAGGATACGTTGCTCAATTCAACATTTCTTGGGATGAAGTAAATTATGATCCTGAA
GGTAACGAAATTGTTCAACATAAAAACTGGAGCGAAAACAATAAAAGCAAGCTAGCTCATTTCACATCGT
CCATCTATTTGCCAGGTAACGCGAGAAATATTAATGTTTACGCTAAAGAATGCACTGGTTTAGCTTGGGA
ATGGTGGAGAACGGTAATTGATGACCGGAACTTACCACTTGTGAAAAATAGAAATATCTCCATCTGGGGC
ACCACGCTTTATCCGAAATATAGTAATAAAGTAGATAATCCAATCGAATA

Protein Sequence : Show Sequence

>NP_463733.1 listeriolysin O precursor [Listeria monocytogenes EGD-e]
MKKIMLVFITLILVSLPIAQQTEAKDASAFNKENSISSMAPPASPPASPKTPIEKKHADEIDKYIQGLDY
NKNNVLVYHGDAVTNVPPRKGYKDGNEYIVVEKKKKSINQNNADIQVVNAISSLTYPGALVKANSELVEN
QPDVLPVKRDSLTLSIDLPGMTNQDNKIVVKNATKSNVNNAVNTLVERWNEKYAQAYPNVSAKIDYDDEM
AYSESQLIAKFGTAFKAVNNSLNVNFGAISEGKMQEEVISFKQIYYNVNVNEPTRPSRFFGKAVTKEQLQ
ALGVNAENPPAYISSVAYGRQVYLKLSTNSHSTKVKAAFDAAVSGKSVSGDVELTNIIKNSSFKAVIYGG
SAKDEVQIIDGNLGDLRDILKKGATFNRETPGVPIAYTTNFLKDNELAVIKNNSEYIETTSKAYTDGKIN
IDHSGGYVAQFNISWDEVNYDPEGNEIVQHKNWSENNKSKLAHFTSSIYLPGNARNINVYAKECTGLAWE
WWRTVIDDRNLPLVKNRNISIWGTTLYPKYSNKVDNPIE

Molecule Role : Protective antigen
Molecule Role Annotation : In an attempt to generate a subunit vaccine in this experimental disease model, eukaryotic plasmid DNA expression vectors containing genes encoding either the wild-type or modified forms of recombinant listeriolysin O (hly) were generated and used for genetic vaccination of naive mice. Results of these studies indicate that the intramuscular immunization of mice with specifically designed plasmid DNA constructs encoding recombinant forms of listeriolysin O (hly) stimulates peptide-specific CD8+ immune T cells that exhibit in vitro cytotoxic activity. More importantly, such immunization can provide protective immunity against a subsequent challenge with viable L. monocytogenes (Cornell et al., 1999).
Related Vaccine(s): L. monocytogenes DNA Vaccine encoding hly

3. iap

Gene Name : iap
Sequence Strain (Species/Organism) : Listeria monocytogenes strain L2K3-549C1
VO ID : VO_0012404
NCBI Protein GI : 215422507
Other Database IDs : CDD:333284
Taxonomy ID : 1639
Gene Strand (Orientation) : ?
Protein Name : p60
Protein pI : 10.49
Protein Weight : 13324.02
Protein Length : 182
Protein Note : Cell wall-associated hydrolase, NlpC family [Cell wall/membrane/envelope biogenesis]; cl28464

Protein Sequence : Show Sequence

>BAG85375.1 p60, partial [Listeria monocytogenes]
MSWNNLSSSSIYVGQKLAIKQTANTVTPKAEVKKEAPAAEKQAAPVVKENTNTNTNTTTEKKETTQQQTA
PKAPTEAAKPAPAPSTNTNANKTNTNTNNTNTSTPSKNTNTNTNSNTNTNSNTNANQGS

Molecule Role : Protective antigen
Molecule Role Annotation : Mice immunized with p60 encapsulated in liposomes launched a strong CTL response and were protected against a subsequent challenge with L. monocytogenes (Grenningloh et al., 2008).
Related Vaccine(s): L. monocytogenes p60 Protein Vaccine

4. plcB

Gene Name : plcB
Sequence Strain (Species/Organism) : Listeria monocytogenes EGD-e
NCBI Gene ID : 987036
NCBI Protein GI : 16802251
Locus Tag : lmo0205
Genbank Accession : AL591974
Protein Accession : NP_463736
Taxonomy ID : 169963
Gene Starting Position : 211424
Gene Ending Position : 212293
Gene Strand (Orientation) : +
Protein Name : phospholipase C
Protein pI : 8.4
Protein Weight : 31887.47
Protein Length : 289

DNA Sequence : Show Sequence

>gi|16802048:211424-212293 Listeria monocytogenes EGD-e, complete genome
TATGAAATTCAAAAAGGTGGTTCTAGGTATGTGCTTGATCGCAAGTGTTCTAGTCTTTCCGGTAACGATA
AAAGCAAATGCCTGTTGTGATGAATACTTACAAACACCCGCAGCTCCGCATGATATTGACAGCAAATTAC
CACATAAACTTAGTTGGTCCGCGGATAACCCGACAAATACTGACGTAAATACGCACTATTGGCTTTTTAA
ACAAGCGGAAAAAATACTAGCTAAAGATGTAAATCATATGCGAGCTAATTTAATGAATGAACTTAAAAAA
TTCGATAAACAAATAGCTCAAGGAATATATGATGCGGATCATAAAAATCCATATTATGATACTAGTACAT
TTTTATCTCATTTTTATAATCCTGATAGAGATAATACTTATTTGCCGGGTTTTGCTAATGCGAAAATAAC
AGGAGCAAAGTATTTCAATCAATCGGTGACTGATTACCGAGAAGGGAAATTTGACACAGCGTTTTATAAA
TTAGGCCTAGCAATCCATTATTATACGGATATTAGTCAACCTATGCACGCCAATAATTTTACCGCAATAT
CATACCCTCCAGGCTACCACTGTGCATATGAAAATTACGTAGATACCATTAAACACAATTATCAAGCAAC
GGAAGACATGGTAGCAAAAAGATTTTGCTCAGATGACGTGAAAGACTGGCTCTATGAAAATGCGAAAAGG
GCGAAAGCGGACTACCCGAAAATAGTCAATGCGAAAACTAAAAAATCATATTTAGTAGGAAATTCTGAAT
GGAAAAAGGATACAGTGGAACCTACTGGAGCTAGACTAAGAGATTCACAGCAAACTTTGGCAGGTTTTTT
AGAATTTTGGTCTAAAAAAACAAATGAATA

Protein Sequence : Show Sequence

>gi|16802251|ref|NP_463736.1| phospholipase C [Listeria monocytogenes EGD-e]
MKFKKVVLGMCLIASVLVFPVTIKANACCDEYLQTPAAPHDIDSKLPHKLSWSADNPTNTDVNTHYWLFK
QAEKILAKDVNHMRANLMNELKKFDKQIAQGIYDADHKNPYYDTSTFLSHFYNPDRDNTYLPGFANAKIT
GAKYFNQSVTDYREGKFDTAFYKLGLAIHYYTDISQPMHANNFTAISYPPGYHCAYENYVDTIKHNYQAT
EDMVAKRFCSDDVKDWLYENAKRAKADYPKIVNAKTKKSYLVGNSEWKKDTVEPTGARLRDSQQTLAGFL
EFWSKKTNE

Molecule Role : Virmugen
Molecule Role Annotation : A plcB mutant, in combination with an actA mutant, is attenuated in mice and induces significant protection from challenge with wild type L. monocytogenes (Darji et al., 2003).
Related Vaccine(s): Listeria monocytogenes actA/plcB mutant vaccine

III. Vaccine Related Host Genes

1. Ifng (Interferon gamma)

Gene Name : Ifng (Interferon gamma)
Sequence Strain (Species/Organism) : Mouse
NCBI Gene ID : 15978
NCBI Protein GI : 33468859
Genbank Accession : NM_008337
Protein Accession : NP_032363.1
Other Database IDs : MGI:107656; UniProt: P01580
Taxonomy ID : 10090
Gene Strand (Orientation) : ?

DNA Sequence : Show Sequence

>gi|145966741|ref|NM_008337.3| Mus musculus interferon gamma (Ifng), mRNA
ATAGCTGCCATCGGCTGACCTAGAGAAGACACATCAGCTGATCCTTTGGACCCTCTGACTTGAGACAGAA
GTTCTGGGCTTCTCCTCCTGCGGCCTAGCTCTGAGACAATGAACGCTACACACTGCATCTTGGCTTTGCA
GCTCTTCCTCATGGCTGTTTCTGGCTGTTACTGCCACGGCACAGTCATTGAAAGCCTAGAAAGTCTGAAT
AACTATTTTAACTCAAGTGGCATAGATGTGGAAGAAAAGAGTCTCTTCTTGGATATCTGGAGGAACTGGC
AAAAGGATGGTGACATGAAAATCCTGCAGAGCCAGATTATCTCTTTCTACCTCAGACTCTTTGAAGTCTT
GAAAGACAATCAGGCCATCAGCAACAACATAAGCGTCATTGAATCACACCTGATTACTACCTTCTTCAGC
AACAGCAAGGCGAAAAAGGATGCATTCATGAGTATTGCCAAGTTTGAGGTCAACAACCCACAGGTCCAGC
GCCAAGCATTCAATGAGCTCATCCGAGTGGTCCACCAGCTGTTGCCGGAATCCAGCCTCAGGAAGCGGAA
AAGGAGTCGCTGCTGATTCGGGGTGGGGAAGAGATTGTCCCAATAAGAATAATTCTGCCAGCACTATTTG
AATTTTTAAATCTAAACCTATTTATTAATATTTAAAACTATTTATATGGAGAATCTATTTTAGATGCATC
AACCAAAGAAGTATTTATAGTAACAACTTATATGTGATAAGAGTGAATTCCTATTAATATATGTGTTATT
TATAATTTCTGTCTCCTCAACTATTTCTCTTTGACCAATTAATTATTCTTTCTGACTAATTAGCCAAGAC
TGTGATTGCGGGGTTGTATCTGGGGGTGGGGGACAGCCAAGCGGCTGACTGAACTCAGATTGTAGCTTGT
ACCTTTACTTCACTGACCAATAAGAAACATTCAGAGCTGCAGTGACCCCGGGAGGTGCTGCTGATGGGAG
GAGATGTCTACACTCCGGGCCAGCGCTTTAACAGCAGGCCAGACAGCACTCGAATGTGTCAGGTAGTAAC
AGGCTGTCCCTGAAAGAAAGCAGTGTCTCAAGAGACTTGACACCTGGTGCTTCCCTATACAGCTGAAAAC
TGTGACTACACCCGAATGACAAATAACTCGCTCATTTATAGTTTATCACTGTCTAATTGCATATGAATAA
AGTATACCTTTGCAACC

Protein Sequence : Show Sequence

>gi|33468859|ref|NP_032363.1| interferon gamma [Mus musculus]
MNATHCILALQLFLMAVSGCYCHGTVIESLESLNNYFNSSGIDVEEKSLFLDIWRNWQKDGDMKILQSQI
ISFYLRLFEVLKDNQAISNNISVIESHLITTFFSNSKAKKDAFMSIAKFEVNNPQVQRQAFNELIRVVHQ
LLPESSLRKRKRSRC

Molecule Role Annotation : IFN-gamma plays a critical role in Th1 type immune response. It is important for protection against infections by various viruses and intracellular bacteria.
Additional Molecule Role : Vaximmutor
Additional Molecule Role Annotation : The experimental data demonstrated that three time vaccinations with BCG in BALB/c mice induced strong TB Ag-specific IFN-gamma immune responses in splenocytes (Wang et al., 2009).
Related Vaccine(s): Listeria monocytogenes actA/plcB mutant vaccine

IV. Vaccine Information

1. L. monocytogenes DNA Vaccine encoding hly

a. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0004031

b. Type:

DNA vaccine

c. Status:

Research

d. Antigen

The hly gene of L. monocytogenes

e. Gene Engineering of Hly

Type: DNA vaccine construction
Description:
Detailed Gene Information: Click here.

f. Vector:

pCR3.1 plasmid vector (Invitrogen)

g. Immunization Route

Intramuscular injection (i.m.)

h. Mouse Response

Host Strain: BALB/c
Vaccination Protocol: For immunization with the plasmid constructs, 6-to 8-wk-old mice received the first of a series of three i.m. immunizations (via the tibialis anterior muscles) at 3- to 4-wk intervals with ~100–125 µg of plasmid DNA in 50 µl of normal saline. Normal control mice received either no immunization or were immunized with either 0.2 ml of PBS (i.v.) or 50 µl of saline (i.m.) (Cornell et al., 1999).
Challenge Protocol: Briefly, groups of normal or immunized BALB/c mice received an i.v. injection with ~2 LD50 (~20,000 CFU) of L. monocytogenes in 0.2 ml of PBS, at 3–4 wk following the final immunization with plasmid DNA. Control groups consisted of normal (nonimmunized) mice and mice previously immunized (4–12 wk earlier) with a sublethal injection of viable L. monocytogenes (Cornell et al., 1999).
Efficacy: DNA immunization of mice provides protection against challenge with viable L. monocytogenes (Cornell et al., 1999).

2. L. monocytogenes p60 Protein Vaccine

a. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0004032

b. Type:

Subunit vaccine

c. Status:

Research

d. Antigen

p60 protein

e. Gene Engineering of iap

Type: Recombinant protein preparation
Description:
Detailed Gene Information: Click here.

f. Adjuvant:

VO ID: VO_0000366

g. Immunization Route

Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.)

h. Mouse Response

Host Strain: BALB/c
Vaccination Protocol: BALB/c mice (two mice/group) were immunized i.p. with 100 μl liposomes containing approximately 3 μg of p60 antigen shown (Grenningloh et al., 2008).
Challenge Protocol: BALB/c mice were immunized with encapsulated p60 and challenged intravenously on day 9 after immunization with 5 × 10^3 (1 × LD50) L. monocytogenes (Grenningloh et al., 2008).
Efficacy: Mice immunized with p60 encapsulated in liposomes launched a strong CTL response and were protected against a subsequent challenge with L. monocytogenes (Grenningloh et al., 2008).

3. Listeria monocytogenes actA mutant vaccine

a. Vaccine Ontology ID:

VO_0002776

b. Type:

Live, attenuated vaccine

c. Status:

Research

d. Host Species as Laboratory Animal Model:

Mouse

e. Gene Engineering of actA

Type: Gene mutation
Description: This actA mutant is from Listeria monocytogenes (Darji et al., 2003).
Detailed Gene Information: Click here.

f. Immunization Route

Intravenous injection (i.v.)

g. Mouse Response

Persistence: An actA mutant is attenuated in mice (Darji et al., 2003).
Efficacy: An actA mutant induces significant protection in mice from challenge with wild type L. monocytogenes (Darji et al., 2003).

4. Listeria monocytogenes actA/plcB mutant vaccine

a. Type:

Live, attenuated vaccine

b. Status:

Research

c. Host Species as Laboratory Animal Model:

Mouse

d. Gene Engineering of actA

Type: Gene mutation
Description: This actA/plcB mutant is from Listeria monocytogenes (Darji et al., 2003).
Detailed Gene Information: Click here.

e. Gene Engineering of plcB

Type: Gene mutation
Description: This actA/plcB mutant is from Listeria monocytogenes (Darji et al., 2003).
Detailed Gene Information: Click here.

f. Immunization Route

Intravenous injection (i.v.)

g. Mouse Response

Persistence: An actA/plcB mutant is attenuated in mice (Darji et al., 2003).
Efficacy: An actA/plcB mutant induces significant protection in mice from challenge with wild type L. monocytogenes (Darji et al., 2003).
Host Gene Response of Ifng (Interferon gamma)
- Gene Response: The ΔactAΔplcB mutant is able to induce sufficient IFN-γ in mice to prevent a Th1 to Th2 switch and retains its ability to induce a strong CD8+-mediated T cell response, even though the amount of IFN-gamma produced is less than that produced after infection with the wild type strain (Darji et al., 2003).
- Detailed Gene Information: Click here.

V. References

1. Brockstedt et al., 2005: Brockstedt DG, Bahjat KS, Giedlin MA, Liu W, Leong M, Luckett W, Gao Y, Schnupf P, Kapadia D, Castro G, Lim JY, Sampson-Johannes A, Herskovits AA, Stassinopoulos A, Bouwer HG, Hearst JE, Portnoy DA, Cook DN, Dubensky TW Jr. Killed but metabolically active microbes: a new vaccine paradigm for eliciting effector T-cell responses and protective immunity. Nature medicine. 2005; 11(8); 853-860. [PubMed: 16041382].

2. Cornell et al., 1999: Cornell KA, Bouwer HG, Hinrichs DJ, Barry RA. Genetic immunization of mice against Listeria monocytogenes using plasmid DNA encoding listeriolysin O. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950). 1999; 163(1); 322-329. [PubMed: 10384131].

3. Darji et al., 2003: Darji A, Mohamed W, Domann E, Chakraborty T. Induction of immune responses by attenuated isogenic mutant strains of Listeria monocytogenes. Vaccine. 2003; 21 Suppl 2; S102-109. [PubMed: 12763691].

4. Grenningloh et al., 2008: Grenningloh R, Darj A, Bauer H, zur Lage S, Chakraborty T, Jacobs T, Weiss S. Liposome-encapsulated antigens induce a protective CTL response against Listeria monocytogenes independent of CD4+ T cell help. Scandinavian journal of immunology. 2008; 67(6); 594-602. [PubMed: 18433404].

5. Jiang et al., 2007: Jiang S, Rasmussen RA, Nolan KM, Frankel FR, Lieberman J, McClure HM, Williams KM, Babu US, Raybourne RB, Strobert E, Ruprecht RM. Live attenuated Listeria monocytogenes expressing HIV Gag: immunogenicity in rhesus monkeys. Vaccine. 2007; 25(42); 7470-7479. [PubMed: 17854955].

6. Orgun and Way, 2008: Orgun NN, Way SS. A critical role for phospholipase C in protective immunity conferred by listeriolysin O-deficient Listeria monocytogenes. Microbial pathogenesis. 2008; 44(2); 159-163. [PubMed: 17888620].

7. Ramaswamy et al., 2007: Ramaswamy V, Cresence VM, Rejitha JS, Lekshmi MU, Dharsana KS, Prasad SP, Vijila HM. Listeria--review of epidemiology and pathogenesis. Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection = Wei mian yu gan ran za zhi. 2007; 40(1); 4-13. [PubMed: 17332901].

8. Wiki: L. monocytogenes: Wiki: Listeria monocytogenes [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Listeria_monocytogenes]